The Chinese Northern frontier: reassessment of the Bronze Age burials from Baifu

Antiquity ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (269) ◽  
pp. 564-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrea Csorba
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
North China ◽  
Face Image ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The World ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Bronze Age

All across the thousands of kilometres of northern central Asia — from the Baltic Sea to the Yellow Sea — burials have been key to the later prehistoric sequence. The immediate subjects of this article are three late Bronze Age burials from North China; rich and well-preserved with weaponry and horse fittings, with agate and rush matting, they tell also of the world outside China, for into one of the daggers is cast the full-face image of a Caucasian male, complete with handlebar moustache.

Plank-built in the Bronze Age

Antiquity ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 54 (211) ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Sea Trial ◽  
North Germany ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Bronze Age

In 1972 Paul Johnstone initiated a project to build and sail a hide-covered boat which would embody the theories of those Norwegian scholars—in particular Professor Sverre Marstrander—who have classified the boats of the Scandinavian Bronze Age with the Eskimo umiak and the Irish curragh. Thanks to the publicity given the experimental model by the BBC ‘Chronicle’ series and the enthusiastic advocacy of Bregger, Marstrander and Johnstone himself (‘Bronze age sea trial’, Antiquity, XLVI, 1972), the skin-boat theory has become almost an orthodoxy in Britain and Scandinavia. In fact, however, the reconstructed boat itself clearly demonstrated the awkwardness of translating into the medium of a hidecovered frame the boat designs of the bronze age rock art, which include several features utterly irreconcilable with the requirements and norms of skin-boat construction. For no type of boat before the age of photography has such a vast corpus of evidence been preserved as for the vessel that served the fishermen, traders and raiding parties of Scandinavia between 1200 and 600 BC (that is, the Bronze Age periods 111, IV and V). The boat is a favoured motif in thousands of rock carvings in southern Norway, Sweden, and the Baltic islands, and on at least 200 late bronze age razors from Denmark and North Germany.

scholarly journals DATA FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF TEXTILE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOME ELEMENTS OF LATE BRONZE AGE AND EARLY IRON AGE CLOTHES IN THE SOUTHERN AREA OF THE BALTIC SEA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
К. Слюсарска
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Human Figure ◽  
The Baltic

Для некоторых времен и регионов у археологов не так много возможностей по изучению костюма древних эпох. Костюм – это мощный инструмент общения, регулирования или формирования социальной практики. Кремация как погребальная традиция эпохи поздней бронзы сопряжена с отсутствием прямых источников для реконструкции одежды. Ситуация меняется во время раннего железного века с появлением новой погребальной традиции (лицевых урн) с представлением фигуры человека. Основной целью исследования является сбор опубликованных и рассеянных в литературе данных для реконструкции текстильной продукции и некоторых элементов одежды позднего бронзового и начала железного века из со­временной Польши. For some times and regions, archaeologists have little chance of studying the costumes of past societies. The costume is a powerful tool for communication, regulation or formation of social practices. Cremation as a main funeral tradition of the Late Bronze Age destroyed all direct sources for clothes reconstruction. The situation changed a little during the transition to the Iron Age with the advent of the new funeral tradition (facial urns) and the representation of a human figure. The main purpose of this paper is to collect the published data of the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age of the southern Baltic Seabasin for reconstruction of textile production and identification some gender-related elements of costume.

Neolithic Cupmarks from Vasagård on Bornholm, Denmark: Dating the Rock Art Tradition in Southern Scandinavia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Rune Iversen ◽  
Michael S. Thorsen ◽  
Jens-Bjørn Riis Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Southern Scandinavia ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article presents the first evidence for cupmarks in the southern Scandinavian Middle Neolithic, in the form of two cupmarked stones recovered during excavations at the Neolithic enclosures of Vasagård on the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea. Until now, cupmarks, which are frequently found on dolmen capstones, have been associated with the rich and figurative rock art known from the Bronze Age (c. 1700–500 bc). The evidence from Vasagård opens up the possibility that more cupmarks could be Neolithic. The association of the cupmarked stones from Vasagård with ritual gatherings suggests an affinity with contemporary sites, including Orkney, where cupmarks have been linked to architectural transformations.

Textile-impressed Pottery Revisited: Its Usefulness for Studying Bronze Age Textile Craft in Estonia

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Riina Rammo
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Significant Phenomenon ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Regular Patterns

Although textile craft is a socially complex and economically significant phenomenon, little is known about textile techniques in the Bronze Age of the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, including Estonia. No textile or cloth remains dated to the Bronze Age, i.e. between 1800 and 500 BC in the Estonian context, have been found so far. Only indirect evidence such as possible textile tools and impressions on pottery can be used in the study of textile-making. The aim of the present study is to review the available evidence regarding Bronze Age pottery with patterns commonly described as made with textiles, and to systematise it. As a result, it is suggested that the evidence based on these impressions is even more limited than thought so far. Few finds clearly indicate the use of textiles. Regular patterns consisting of variously-shaped concavities on the vessels’ walls may have been made also with other items, for example by rolling fir cones over the surface of a freshly-modelled pot.

scholarly journals Establishing the Middle Sea: The Late Bronze Age of Mediterranean Europe (1700–900 BC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Iacono ◽  
Elisabetta Borgna ◽  
Maurizio Cattani ◽  
Claudio Cavazzuti ◽  
Helen Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
Northern Shore ◽  
Comparative Survey ◽  
The Bronze Age

AbstractThe Late Bronze Age (1700–900 BC) represents an extremely dynamic period for Mediterranean Europe. Here, we provide a comparative survey of the archaeological record of over half a millennium within the entire northern littoral of the Mediterranean, from Greece to Iberia, incorporating archaeological, archaeometric, and bioarchaeological evidence. The picture that emerges, while certainly fragmented and not displaying a unique trajectory, reveals a number of broad trends in aspects as different as social organization, trade, transcultural phenomena, and human mobility. The contribution of such trends to the processes that caused the end of the Bronze Age is also examined. Taken together, they illustrate how networks of interaction, ranging from the short to the long range, became a defining aspect of the “Middle Sea” during this time, influencing the lives of the communities that inhabited its northern shore. They also highlight the importance of research that crosses modern boundaries for gaining a better understanding of broad comparable dynamics.

Contacts and Networks in the Baltic Sea Region

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Baltic

Since prehistoric times, the Baltic Sea has functioned as a northern mare nostrum — a crucial nexus that has shaped the languages, folklore, religions, literature, technology, and identities of the Germanic, Finnic, Sámi, Baltic, and Slavic peoples. This anthology explores the networks among those peoples. The contributions to Contacts and Networks in the Baltic Sea Region: Austmarr as a Northern mare nostrum, ca. 500-1500 ad address different aspects of cultural contacts around and across the Baltic from the perspectives of history, archaeology, linguistics, literary studies, religious studies, and folklore. The introduction offers a general overview of crosscultural contacts in the Baltic Sea region as a framework for contextualizing the volume’s twelve chapters, organized in four sections. The first section concerns geographical conceptions as revealed in Old Norse and in classical texts through place names, terms of direction, and geographical descriptions. The second section discusses the movement of cultural goods and persons in connection with elite mobility, the slave trade, and rune-carving practice. The third section turns to the history of language contacts and influences, using examples of Finnic names in runic inscriptions and Low German loanwords in Finnish. The final section analyzes intercultural connections related to mythology and religion spanning Baltic, Finnic, Germanic, and Sámi cultures. Together these diverse articles present a dynamic picture of this distinctive part of the world.

Bronze Age Mongolia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Houle
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article discusses the Bronze Age in Mongolia, a period when pastoralism, mobility, and interaction between regional communities increased dramatically. It also corresponds to the heyday of monumental construction and to the development of societal complexity in this region. After briefly discussing the local Bronze Age chronology, the discussion then turns to the topic of the transition to animal husbandry and to the development of mobile, equestrian pastoralism in particular—a phenomenon that seems to have taken place during the Late Bronze Age. Following this, I examine the monumental landscape as well as what is known from “settlements” before discussing the nature of Late Bronze Age social organization and societal complexity. The article ends with a brief exposé on bronze metallurgy before highlighting what are thought to be the critical issues that continue to challenge research on the Bronze Age in the region.

The Boat of the Dead in the Bronze Age

Antiquity ◽  
1941 ◽  
Vol 15 (60) ◽  
pp. 360-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Grinsell
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Bronze Age

In many parts of the world and at many periods the practice has prevailed of depositing boats, or models or other representations of them, with the dead, either as a means of facilitating his supposed voyage to another world, or as a symbol of his maritime activities during his lifetime.That the former is generally the correct explanation of the custom there can be no doubt. This is shown by the evidence of the belief in a voyage to a future world, and the customs to which it has given rise, among living primitive peoples in the Pacific Islands and elsewhere, so well collected and presented by the late Sir J. G. Frazer. It is shown also by traditions such as that of our own king Arthur's journey by barge to ‘the island valley of Avilion, where falls not hail, or rain, or any snow’ It is shown also by the ancient Greek and Roman custom of placing a coin in the mouth of the dead to pay Charon's fee for ferrying him across the Styx.

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