The age of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) in the northern Eastern Woodlands of North America

This study addresses the lack of chronometric research on the common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) to establish precisely the timing of its adoption and spread across the northern Eastern Woodlands of North America. Bean and directly associated maize samples were subjected to accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating. The results show that the common bean apparently spread rapidly upon its introduction to the region, becoming archaeologically visible from the Illinois River valley to southern New England in the calibrated late 13th century AD, some 200–300 years later than previously thought.

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Wolf of the Willow

Hoptopia ◽

10.1525/california/9780520277472.003.0002 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Peter A. Kopp

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

North America ◽

New England ◽

Global Economy ◽

Climbing Plant ◽

Humulus Lupulus L ◽

The World ◽

The Common ◽

Botanical Characteristics ◽

Early English

Hops, the cone of a climbing plant by the same name, are a key ingredient in beer. Brewers use hops to impart flavors and aroma in their malted concoctions, and they value the ingredient’s preservative properties. This chapter explains the global origins and botanical characteristics of the common hop, Humulus lupulus l., used in brewing. It then describes how brewing, and hop agriculture along with it, spread from Europe to temperate regions across the world. Hop growing reached North America along with the early English colonies and fared quite well. By 1800, New York and New England emerged as producers for the global economy.

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A late-glacial transition from Picea glauca to Picea mariana in southern New England

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2007.01.010 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 502-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Matts Lindbladh ◽

W. Wyatt Oswald ◽

David R. Foster ◽

Edward K. Faison ◽

Juzhi Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

New England ◽

Picea Mariana ◽

Picea Glauca ◽

Single Species ◽

Late Glacial ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Southern New England ◽

Edaphic Conditions ◽

Ecological Changes

AbstractPicea is an important taxon in late-glacial pollen records from eastern North America, but little is known about which species of Picea were present. We apply a recently developed palynological method for discriminating the three Picea species in eastern North America to three records from New England. Picea glauca was dominant at ∼ 14,500–14,000 cal yr BP, followed by a transition to Picea mariana between ∼ 14,000 and 13,500 cal yr BP. Comparison of the pollen data with hydrogen isotope data shows clearly that this transition began before the beginning of the Younger Dryas Chronozone. The ecological changes of the late-glacial interval were not a simple oscillation in the position of a single species' range, but rather major changes in vegetation structure and composition occurring during an interval of variations in several environmental factors, including climate, edaphic conditions, and atmospheric CO2 levels.

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New Dates and Carbon Isotope Assays of Purported Middle Woodland Maize from the Icehouse Bottom and Edwin Harness Sites

American Antiquity ◽

10.1017/aaq.2020.117 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Mary L. Simon ◽

Kandace D. Hollenbach ◽

Brian G. Redmond

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

North America ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Woodland Period ◽

Middle Woodland ◽

Eastern Woodlands ◽

Macrobotanical Remains ◽

Middle Woodland Period ◽

Isotope Analyses ◽

Ams Dates

Accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) and carbon isotope analyses provide strong tandem methodologies used by archaeologists to evaluate and reevaluate the histories of maize use in the Midwest. In this article, we present newly obtained AMS dates and carbon isotope assays of alleged maize samples from the Icehouse Bottom (40MR23) and Edwin Harness sites (22RO33). Based on original studies, samples were thought to date to the Middle Woodland period (ca. 300 BC–AD 400). The results show that samples either were not maize or date to post-AD 900. As of this finding, there are no longer any securely dated Middle Woodland macrobotanical remains of maize from the Eastern Woodlands of North America.

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The Christmas Cove Dyke of coastal Maine, USA, and regional sources for Early Mesozoic flood basalts in northeastern North America

Atlantic Geology ◽

10.4138/atlgeo.2014.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 66 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James Gregory McHone ◽

Arthur M. Hussey ◽

David P. West ◽

David G. Bailey

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

New England ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Atlantic Canada ◽

Rift Basin ◽

Font Size ◽

Northeastern North America ◽

Southern New England ◽

Early Mesozoic ◽

Central Atlantic

A large Early Mesozoic quartz tholeiite dyke has been mapped discontinuously for 190 km in southern coastal Maine, USA. Including its type locality at Christmas Cove (South Bristol, Maine, USA), the dyke has features of a generally ENE strike; dip usually steep to the SSE but abruptly turning very shallow in short sections; and widths of 9 to 35 m. The dyke rock has a distinctive cross-columnar field appearance, and a subophitic to micro-porphyritic texture with abundant Ti-bearing augite, calcic plagioclase, scattered euhedral orthopyroxene phenocrysts, and coarse-grained glomerophyric clumps of augite with plagioclase. Several 40Ar/39Ar whole-rock dates for this and associated regional dykes are close to 201 Ma, in agreement with ages of other Early Mesozoic dykes and basalts of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). The geographic position, age, whole-rock chemistry, and petrography indicate that the Christmas Cove Dyke is co-magmatic or contiguous with the Higganum-Holden Dyke of southern New England, which was a source for the Talcott Basalt of the Early Mesozoic Hartford rift basin. The dyke system is a 700-km long fissure source for the earliest rift basin basalts preserved in northeastern North America, and it virtually connects the Hartford Basin and the Fundy Basin in Atlantic Canada. The Caraquet Dyke of New Brunswick and central Maine may be co-magmatic with the Buttress Dyke and Holyoke Basalt of southern New England, but lava from it is not preserved in Atlantic Canada or Maine.

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The challenge of detecting modifications on proteins

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/ebc20190055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 135-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lauren Elizabeth Smith ◽

Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Protein Function ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Lysine Acetylation ◽

Mass Determination ◽

Post Translational Modifications ◽

Site Specific ◽

The Common

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are integral to the regulation of protein function, characterising their role in this process is vital to understanding how cells work in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) facilitates the mass determination and sequencing of peptides, and thereby also the detection of site-specific PTMs. However, numerous challenges in this field continue to persist. The diverse chemical properties, low abundance, labile nature and instability of many PTMs, in combination with the more practical issues of compatibility with MS and bioinformatics challenges, contribute to the arduous nature of their analysis. In this review, we present an overview of the established MS-based approaches for analysing PTMs and the common complications associated with their investigation, including examples of specific challenges focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and redox modifications.

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