scholarly journals Association of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variant (rs9939609) with dietary intake in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1859-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Lappalainen ◽  
Jaana Lindström ◽  
Jussi Paananen ◽  
Johan G. Eriksson ◽  
Leila Karhunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Diabetes Prevention Study

A cluster of variants in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene are associated with the common form of obesity. Well-documented dietary data are required for identifying how the genetic risk can be modified by dietary factors. The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations between the FTO risk allele (rs9939609) and dietary intake, and to evaluate how dietary intake affects the association between FTO and BMI in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study during a mean follow-up of 3·2 years. A total of 479 (BMI >25 kg/m2) men and women were genotyped for rs9939609. The participants completed a 3 d food record at baseline and before every annual study visit. The average intakes at baseline and during the years 1, 2 and 3 were calculated. At baseline, the FTO variant rs9939609 was not associated with the mean values of total energy intake, macronutrients or fibre. At baseline, a higher BMI by the FTO risk genotype was detected especially in those who reported a diet high in fat with mean BMI of 30·6 (sd 4·1), 31·3 (sd 4·6) and 34·5 (sd 6·2) kg/m2 for TT, TA and AA carriers, respectively (P =0·005). Higher BMI was also observed in those who had a diet low in carbohydrates (P =0·028) and fibre (P =0·015). However, in the analyses adjusted for total energy intake, age and sex, significant interactions between FTO and dietary intakes were not found. These findings suggest that the association between the FTO genotype and obesity is influenced by the components of dietary intake, and the current dietary recommendations are particularly beneficial for those who are genetically susceptible for obesity.

scholarly journals Trends in dietary intake in Switzerland, 1999 to 2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Abreu ◽  
Isabel Cardoso ◽  
Jean-Michel Gaspoz ◽  
Idris Guessous ◽  
Pedro Marques-Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Vegetable Protein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Random Samples

AbstractObjectiveTo assess nutrition trends of the Geneva population for the period 1999–2009.DesignBus Santé Geneva study, which conducts annual health surveys in random samples of the Geneva population. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ and trends were assessed by linear regression.SettingPopulation-based survey.SubjectsData from 9283 participants (50 % women, mean age 51·5 (sd10·8) years) were analysed.ResultsIn both genders total energy intake decreased from 1999 to 2009, by 2·9 % in men and by 6·3 % in women (both trendsP< 0·005). Vegetable protein and total carbohydrate intakes, expressed as a percentage of total energy intake, increased in women. MUFA intake increased while SFA, PUFA and alcohol intakes decreased in both genders. Intakes of Ca, Fe and carotene decreased in both genders. No changes in fibre, vitamin D and vitamin A intakes were found. Similar findings were obtained after excluding participants with extreme dietary intakes, except that the decreases in SFA, vegetable protein and carbohydrate were no longer significant in women.ConclusionsBetween 1999 and 2009, a small decrease in total energy intake was noted in the Geneva population. Although the decrease in alcohol and SFA intakes is of interest, the decrease in Ca and Fe intakes may have adverse health effects in the future.

scholarly journals Food consumption of sugarcane workers' families in the Brazilian Northeast

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Vanessa Messias Muniz ◽  
Débora Silva Cavalcanti ◽  
Nayalla Morais de Lima ◽  
Mônica Maria Osório
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the food intake of sugarcane workers' family members. METHODS: The food intake of 159 family members of sugarcane workers from Gameleira, Pernambuco, Brazilian Northeast, was investigated by directly weighing the foods on three non-consecutive days. The percent risk of inadequate macro- and micronutrient intakes was analyzed according to the Reference Dietary Intakes. The macronutrients were analyzed in relation to acceptable distribution intervals. The energy consumed from the various food groups was expressed as a ratio of the total energy intake. RESULTS: The median intake of carbohydrates and proteins remained above the Estimated Average Requirement, and all age groups presented a low risk of inadequate carbohydrate and protein intakes. The median intakes of riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, and iron remained above the Estimated Average Requirement for all age groups, but children aged 1-3 years presented a high percent risk of inadequate iron intake. All age groups presented high percent risk of inadequate zinc, calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin C intakes. Grains and derivatives had a greater participation in the total energy intake, especially in men aged 19-30 years. The group "milk and dairy products" had a greater participation in the diet of children aged 1-3 years. CONCLUSION: The low percent risk of inadequate carbohydrate and protein intakes in all age groups was opposed to the high risk of inadequate mineral and vitamin intakes, making the population vulnerable to nutritional disorders caused by excess macronutrient intake and inadequate micronutrient intake.

scholarly journals Dietary Macronutrient Intakes and Mortality among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chieh Lin ◽  
Chiu-Shong Liu ◽  
Chia-Ing Li ◽  
Chih-Hsueh Lin ◽  
Wen-Yuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Cvd Mortality

The best macronutrient percentages of dietary intake supporting longevity remains unclear. The strength of association between dietary intake and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) should be quantified as a basis for dietary recommendations. Our study cohort consisted of 15,289 type 2 diabetic patients aged 30 years and older in Taiwan during 2001–2014 and was followed up through 2016. Percentages of macronutrient intakes were calculated as dietary energy intake contributed by carbohydrate, protein, and fat, divided by the total energy intake using a 24 h food diary recall approach. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to examine the temporal relation of macronutrient intakes with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The average follow-up time was 7.4 years, during which 2784 adults with T2DM died. After multivariable adjustment, people with fourth and fifth quintiles of total energy, second and third quintiles of carbohydrate, and fourth quintiles of protein intakes were likely to have lower risks of all-cause and expanded cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. People with fifth quintiles of total energy intake were likely to have decreased non-expanded CVD mortality. We found a significant interaction between gender and fat intake on all-cause and expanded CVD mortality. Fat intake was associated with all-cause, expanded and non-expanded CVD mortality among males with T2DM. Total energy, carbohydrate, and protein intakes were associated with lower risks of all-cause and expanded CVD mortality, with minimal risks observed at ≥1673 Kcal total energy, 43–52% carbohydrate intake, and 15–16% protein intake among people with T2DM.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and patterns of dietary intake in a sample of UK adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Jackie Shinwell ◽  
Melissa Bateson ◽  
Daniel Nettle ◽  
Gillian V. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Variable Time ◽  
Important Health

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the dietary-intake correlates of food insecurity in UK adults. We recruited groups of low-income participants who were classified as food insecure (n = 196) or food secure (n = 198). Participants completed up to five 24h dietary recalls. There was no difference in total energy intake by food insecurity status (βFI = −0.06, 95% CI −0.25 to 0.13). Food insecure participants consumed a less diverse diet, as evidenced by fewer distinct foods per meal (βFI = −0.27, 95% CI −0.47 to −0.07), and had more variable time gaps between meals (βFI = 0.21, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.41). These associations corresponded closely to those found in a recent U.S. study using similar measures, suggesting that the dietary intake signature of food insecurity generalizes across populations. The findings suggest that the consequences of food insecurity for weight gain and health are not due to increased energy intake. We suggest that there may be important health and metabolic effects of temporal irregularity in dietary intake, which appears to be an important component of food insecurity.

scholarly journals Associations Between Consumption of Ready to Eat Cereal and Dietary Intake and Diet Quality in Hispanics (P18-052-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Mitesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
Added Sugar

Abstract Objectives To understand consumption pattern of ready to eat cereal (RTEC) in the Hispanic population in the United States and investigate associations between RTEC consumption and dietary intake as well as diet quality in this population. Methods Children aged between 2–17 years old (N = 899) and adults aged 18 years or older (N = 1593) who were Mexican American or other Hispanics from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016 were included in the study. Day 1 dietary data were used to determine RTEC consumption status, energy intake, nutrient and food group intake. Diet quality was measured as the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015). Multiple linear regression analyses for surveys were conducted to estimate covariates-adjusted associations between RTEC consumption and dietary intake, as well as diet quality. Results About 40% of Hispanic children reported RTEC consumption whereas only 14% of Hispanic adults were RTEC eaters. RTEC eaters were more likely from lower income families. Compared to non-eaters, both children and adults who reported RTEC consumption had significantly higher intake of whole grains, dairy products, and vitamins and minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, folate, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin A, vitamin D; as well as significantly lower intake of sodium and dietary cholesterol (P < 0.05 for all). Total energy intake and added sugar intake did not differ by RTEC consumption status in both age groups. HEI-2015 total score was significantly higher in RTEC eaters than non-eaters in both Hispanic children and adults (P < 0.05 for both). Conclusions Consumption of RTEC is associated with improved diet quality including higher intake of whole grain and dairy products, as well as several vitamins and minerals in both Hispanic children and adults. Consumption of RTEC is not associated with total energy intake or added sugar in the Hispanic population. Funding Sources The study was funded by General Mills, Inc.

Dietary Intakes and Food Use of Croups of Elite Australian Male Athletes

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Burke ◽  
Ross A. Gollan ◽  
Richard S.D. Read
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
The Other ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Daily Intakes

The present study conducted dietary surveys of four groups of Australian male athletes: triathletes, marathon runners, Australian Rules football players, and Olympic weightlifters. Their training diets were assessed via a 7-day food record from which mean daily intakes of energy, macronutrients, and key micronutrients were estimated. The data were compared between groups as well as to recommendations in the literature for athlete nutrition. Results showed major differences between groups. The contribution of carbohydrate to total energy intake was greater for triathletes and marathon runners than for the other two groups. There was no difference between all four groups in the total amount of fat consumed, yet its contribution to total energy intake was significantly lower for triathletes and marathon runners. The football players and weightlifters consumed a similar fat: energy ratio as the typical Australian diet. Furthermore, the micronutrient density of the football players' diets was significantly lower than that of the other groups.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Body Composition Characteristics of National Football League Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Afrifa ◽  
Kwabena Nsiah ◽  
Collins Afriyie Appiah ◽  
Omoniyi Monday Moses
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Composition Characteristics

Background: It has been well documented that adequate body composition characteristics and good nutrition practices play significant roles in maintaining good health, proper immune functioning, muscle growth and repair, and delaying fatigue in continuously intense athletic performance. It would be incumbent, however, to support imported information with local data to enhance effective implementation. Objectives: To examine dietary intake and body composition characteristics of National Football League Players in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Methods: Cross-sectional study was used. 95 football players from the premier, 1st and 2nd divisions of the Ghana National Football League were recruited. A 24-hour dietary recall was used to assess the dietary intake of the players. Body composition characteristics of body mass index, percentage (%) body fat, visceral fat and percentage (%) muscle mass were measured. Results: There were 8 (9.3%) goalkeepers, 29 (33.7%) defenders, 34 (39.5%) midfielders and 15 (17.4%) strikers. 42 (44.2%) of the players ate twice per day. Players within age group of 20 - 25 (49, 51.6%) had the highest mean total energy intake (2342.96 ± 848.18), carbohydrates (324.18 ± 106.35), proteins (75.54 ± 23.94) and fats (83.00 ± 50.76). Midfield players had the highest mean total energy intake (2216.26 ± 803.87), carbohydrates (315.74 ± 121.02), proteins (74.23 ± 26.35) and fats (71.59 ± 34.32). 82 (86.3%) had normal weight, 79 (83.2%) normal % body fat, 45 (47.4%) had very high % muscle mass. Conclusions: The sample in this study has low total energy intake compared to other studies. Insufficient nutritional diets could suggest the reason for the low energy intake. If low energy intake persists, the players might be at high risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases and diabetes conditions.

scholarly journals Within-subject Comparison of Dietary Intake and Diet Quality on Days with and Without Ready to Eat Cereal Consumption (P18-053-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Mitesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Subject Differences

Abstract Objectives Studies have shown ready to eat cereal (RTEC) eaters had better dietary intake than non-eaters, however, little is known about within-subject differences by RTEC consumption. The study was conducted to compare differences in dietary intake and diet quality between the day with and without RTEC consumption in adults from the United States. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 were used in the study. The sample comprised of 1818 adults aged 18 years or older who reported consumption of RTEC in one day but not the other day based on two 24-hour dietary recalls. Energy and nutrient intake were obtained from the dietary data, whereas intake of whole grains and added sugar were estimated using Food Patterns Equivalent Database. Diet quality was measured by Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015). Multiple linear regression analyses for surveys were conducted to estimate within-subject differences in each outcome by RTEC consumption while adjusting for recall day, recall method, as well as a separate fixed effect of each person to control for demographic characteristics. Results Subjects had significantly higher intake of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folate, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, potassium, phosphorus, carbohydrate, as well as dietary fiber and whole grains, together with significantly lower intake of total fat and sodium, on the day when they consumed RTEC than the day when RTEC was not consumed (P < 0.05 for all). Total energy intake, intake of protein and total sugar as well as added sugar did not differ significantly between the day with and without RTEC consumption. On days when RTEC was consumed, HEI-2015 total score, as well as sub scores for adequacy components including whole fruits, whole grains, dairy, and moderation components including saturated fat, added sugar, and sodium, were significantly higher (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions When adults consumed RTEC on a given day, they had a healthier diet with higher daily intake of dietary fiber, whole grains, as well as many key vitamins and minerals than the day when they did not consume RTEC. RTEC consumption is not associated with total energy intake and intake of total sugar or added sugar. Funding Sources The study was funded by General Mills, Inc.

Associations between added sugar (solid vs. liquid) intakes, diet quality, and adiposity indicators in Canadian children

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
JiaWei Wang ◽  
Lei Shang ◽  
Kelly Light ◽  
Jennifer O’Loughlin ◽  
Gilles Paradis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars

Little is known about the influence of different forms of added sugar intake on diet quality or their association with obesity among youth. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24-h recalls in 613 Canadian children (aged 8–10 years). Added sugars (mean of 3-day intakes) were categorized according to source (solid or liquid). Dietary intake and the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (« HEI-C ») were compared across tertiles of solid and liquid added sugars separately as were adiposity indicators (body mass index (BMI), fat mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and waist circumference). Cross-sectional associations were examined in linear regression models adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, and physical activity (7-day accelerometer). Added sugar contributed 12% of total energy intake (204 kcal) on average, of which 78% was from solid sources. Higher consumption of added sugars from either solid or liquid source was associated with higher total energy, lower intake of micronutrients, vegetables and fruit, and lower HEI-C score. Additionally liquid sources were associated with lower intake of dairy products. A 10-g higher consumption of added sugars from liquid sources was associated with 0.4 serving/day lower of vegetables and fruit, 0.4-kg/m2 higher BMI, a 0.5-kg higher fat mass, and a 0.9-cm higher waist circumference whereas the associations of added sugars from solid sources and adiposity indicators tended to be negative. In conclusion, higher consumption of added sugar from either solid or liquid sources was associated with lower overall diet quality. Adiposity indicators were only positively associated with added sugars from liquid sources.

scholarly journals Associations between obesity candidate gene polymorphisms (fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR)) and dietary intake in pregnant women

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maisa C. Martins ◽  
Janet Trujillo ◽  
Ana Amélia Freitas-Vilela ◽  
Dayana R. Farias ◽  
Eliane L. Rosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Mc4r Rs17782313 ◽  
Fto Rs9939609

AbstractGenetic variants associated with dietary intake may be important as factors underlying the development of obesity. We investigated the associations between the obesity candidate genes (fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor) and total energy intake and percentage of energy from macronutrients and ultra-processed foods before and during pregnancy. A sample of 149 pregnant women was followed up in a prospective cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A FFQ was administered at 5–13 and 30–36 weeks of gestation. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR. Associations between polymorphisms and the outcomes were investigated through multiple linear regression and ANCOVA having pre-pregnancy dietary intake as a covariate. The A-allele of FTO-rs9939609 was associated with a −6·5 % (95 % CI −12·3, −0·4) decrease in the percentage of energy from protein and positively associated with the percentage of energy from carbohydrates before pregnancy (β=2·6; 95 % CI 0·5, 4·8) and with a 13·3 % (95 % CI 0·7, 27·5) increase in the total energy intake during pregnancy. The C-allele of MC4R-rs17782313 was associated with a −7·6 % (95 % CI −13·8, −1·0) decrease in the percentage of energy from protein, and positively associated with the percentage of energy from ultra-processed foods (β=5·4; 95 % CI 1·1, 9·8) during pregnancy. ANCOVA results revealed changes in dietary intake from pre-pregnancy to pregnancy for FTO-rs9939609 (percentage of energy from ultra-processed foods, P=0·03), MC4R-rs17782313 (total energy intake, P=0·02) and LEP-rs7799039 (total energy intake, P=0·04; percentage of energy from protein, P=0·04). These findings suggest significant associations between FTO-rs9939609, MC4R-rs17782313 and LEP-rs7799039 genes and the components of dietary intake in pregnant women.

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