scholarly journals Attenuation of post-myocardial infarction depression in rats by n-3 fatty acids or probiotics starting after the onset of reperfusion

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gilbert ◽  
Jessica Arseneault-Bréard ◽  
Fabio Flores Monaco ◽  
Alexanne Beaudoin ◽  
Thierno Madjou Bah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Reperfusion Period ◽  
Live Bacteria

Proinflammatory cytokines play a central role in depression-like behaviour and apoptosis in the limbic system after myocardial infarction (MI). A PUFA n-3 diet or the combination of Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 probiotics, when given before the ischaemic period, reduce circulating proinflammatory cytokines as well as apoptosis in the limbic system. The present study was designed to determine if the same nutritional interventions maintain their beneficial effects when started after the onset of the reperfusion period and attenuate depression-like behaviour observed after MI. MI was induced by the occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 40 min in rats. After the onset of reperfusion, animals were fed with a high- or low-PUFA n-3 diet, combined or not with one billion live bacteria of L. helveticus and B. longum. At 3 d post-MI, caspase-3 enzymatic activities and terminal 2′-deoxyuridine, 5′-triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labelling (TUNEL)-positive cells were decreased in the CA1, dentate gyrus (DG) and amygdala with the high-PUFA n-3 diet, as compared to the three other diets. Probiotics attenuated caspase-3 activity and TUNEL-positive cells in the DG and the medial amygdala. At 2 weeks post-MI, depression-like behaviour was observed in the low-PUFA n-3 diet without probiotics-group, and this behaviour was attenuated with the high-PUFA n-3 diet or/and probiotics. These results indicate that a high-PUFA n-3 diet or the administration of probiotics, starting after the onset of reperfusion, are beneficial to attenuate apoptosis in the limbic system and post-MI depression in the rat.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum taken in combination reduce the apoptosis propensity in the limbic system after myocardial infarction in a rat model

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie-Anne Girard ◽  
Thierno Madjou Bah ◽  
Sévan Kaloustian ◽  
Laura Lada-Moldovan ◽  
Isabelle Rondeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Myocardial infarction (MI) stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory substances that induce apoptosis in the limbic system. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered as the root cause of apoptosis, although the mechanism is not fully explained and/or understood at this time. In addition, depression may induce gastrointestinal perturbations that maintain the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It has been shown that some specific probiotic formulations may reduce gastrointestinal problems induced by stress and the pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio. Therefore, we hypothesised that probiotics, when given prophylactically, may diminish the apoptosis propensity in the limbic system following a MI. Male adult Sprague–Dawley rats were given probiotics (Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum in combination) or placebo in their drinking-water for four consecutive weeks. A MI was then induced in the rats by occluding the left anterior coronary artery for 40 min. Rats were killed following a 72 h reperfusion period. Infarct size was not different in the two groups. Bax/Bcl-2 (pro-apoptotic/anti-apoptotic) ratio and caspase-3 (pro-apoptotic) activity were reduced in the amygdala (lateral and medial), as well as in the dentate gyrus in the probiotics group when compared with the placebo. Akt activity (anti-apoptotic) was increased in these same three regions. No significant difference was observed in Ca1 and Ca3 for the different markers measured. In conclusion, the probiotics L. helveticus and B. longum, given in combination as preventive therapy, reduced the predisposition of apoptosis found in different cerebral regions following a MI.

Resolvin D1 decreases caspase-3 activation in the limbic system after myocardial infarction

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gilbert ◽  
Mandy Malick ◽  
Ness Madingou ◽  
Roger Godbout ◽  
Guy Rousseau
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Resolvin D1

scholarly journals Combination of Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 reduces post-myocardial infarction depression symptoms and restores intestinal permeability in a rat model

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (12) ◽  
pp. 1793-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Arseneault-Bréard ◽  
Isabelle Rondeau ◽  
Kim Gilbert ◽  
Stéphanie-Anne Girard ◽  
Thomas A. Tompkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Behavioural Syndrome ◽  
Step Down

Myocardial infarction (MI) in rats is accompanied by apoptosis in the limbic system and a behavioural syndrome similar to models of depression. We have already shown that probiotics can reduce post-MI apoptosis and designed the present study to determine if probiotics can also prevent post-MI depressive behaviour. We also tested the hypothesis that probiotics achieve their central effects through changes in the intestinal barrier. MI was induced in anaesthetised rats via 40-min transient occlusion of the left anterior coronary artery. Sham rats underwent the same surgical procedure without actual coronary occlusion. For 7 d before MI and between the seventh post-MI day and euthanasia, half the MI and sham rats were given one billion live bacterial cells of Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 per d dissolved in water, while the remaining animals received only the vehicle (maltodextrin). Depressive behaviour was evaluated 2 weeks post-MI in social interaction, forced swimming and passive avoidance step-down tests. Intestinal permeability was evaluated by oral administration with fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran, 4 h before euthanasia. MI rats displayed less social interaction and impaired performance in the forced swimming and passive avoidance step-down tests compared to the sham controls (P < 0·05). Probiotics reversed the behavioural effects of MI (P < 0·05), but did not alter the behaviour of sham rats. Intestinal permeability was increased in MI rats and reversed by probiotics. In conclusion, L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 combination interferes with the development of post-MI depressive behaviour and restores intestinal barrier integrity in MI rats.

scholarly journals α-linolenic acid reduces TNF-induced apoptosis in C2C12 myoblasts by regulating expression of apoptotic proteins

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Carotenuto ◽  
Dario Coletti ◽  
Paolo Di Nardo ◽  
Laura Teodori
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
C2c12 Myoblasts ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Impaired regeneration and consequent muscle wasting is a major feature of muscle degenerative diseases. Nutritional interventions as adjuvant strategy for preventing such conditions are recently gaining increasing attention. Ingestion of n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids has been suggested to have a positive impact on muscle diseases. We recently demonstrated that the dietary n3-fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), exerts potent beneficial effects in preserving skeletal muscle regeneration in models of muscle dystrophy. To better elucidate the underlying mechanism we investigate here on the expression level of the anti- and pro-apototic proteins, as well as caspase-3 activity, in C2C12 myoblasts challenged with pathological levels of TNF. The results demonstrated that ALA protective effect on C2C12 myoblasts was associated to an increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Indeed, the effect of ALA was directed to rescue Bcl-2 expression and decrease Bax expression both affected in an opposite way by TNF treatment. This effect was associated with a decrease in caspase-3 activity by ALA. TNF is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that is expressed in damaged skeletal muscle, therefore, counteract inflammatory signals in the muscle microenvironment represents a critical strategy to ameliorate skeletal muscle pathologies

The beneficial effects of deferred delivery on the efficiency of hydrogel therapy post myocardial infarction

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kadner ◽  
S. Dobner ◽  
T. Franz ◽  
D. Bezuidenhout ◽  
M. Sirry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Post Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Preinfarction Angina and Improved Reperfusion of the Infarct-related Artery

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (S 01) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Sciahbasi ◽  
Eugenia De Marco ◽  
Attilio Maseri ◽  
Felicita Andreotti
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Early Reperfusion ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Infarct Related Artery ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects ◽  
Collateral Vessels

SummaryPreinfarction angina and early reperfusion of the infarct-related artery are major determinants of reduced infarct-size in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The beneficial effects of preinfarction angina on infarct size have been attributed to the development of collateral vessels and/or to post-ischemic myocardial protection. However, recently, a relation has been found between prodromal angina, faster coronary recanalization, and smaller infarcts in patients treated with rt-PA: those with preinfarction angina showed earlier reperfusion (p = 0.006) and a 50% reduction of CKMB-estimated infarct-size (p = 0.009) compared to patients without preinfarction angina. This intriguing observation is consistent with a subsequent observation of higher coronary recanalization rates following thrombolysis in patients with prodromal preinfarction angina compared to patients without antecedent angina. Recent findings in dogs show an enhanced spontaneous lysis of plateletrich coronary thrombi with ischemic preconditioning, which is prevented by adenosine blockade, suggesting an antithrom-botic effect of ischemic metabolites. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for earlier and enhanced coronary recanalization in patients with preinfarction angina may open the way to new reperfusion strategies.A vast number of studies, globally involving ≈17,000 patients with acute myocardial infarction, have unequivocally shown that an infarction preceded by angina evolves into a smaller area of necrosis compared to an infarct not preceded by angina (Table 1) (1). So far, preinfarction angina has been thought to have cardioprotective effects mainly through two mechanisms: collateral perfusion of the infarctzone (2-4), and ischemic preconditioning of the myocardium (5-7). Here we discuss a further mechanism of protection represented by improved reperfusion of the infarct-related artery.

Beneficial Effects of RheothRx Injection in Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction

Circulation ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Schaer ◽  
Leo J. Spaccavento ◽  
Kevin F. Browne ◽  
Karol A. Krueger ◽  
Daniel Krichbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Ingestion of probiotic (Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum) alters intestinal microbial structure and behavioral expression following social defeat stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Partrick ◽  
Anna M. Rosenhauer ◽  
Jérémie Auger ◽  
Amanda R. Arnold ◽  
Nicole M. Ronczkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Microbial Structure ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractSocial stress exacerbates anxious and depressive behaviors in humans. Similarly, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors are triggered by social stress in a variety of non-human animals. Here, we tested whether oral administration of the putative anxiolytic probiotic strains Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 reduces the striking increase in anxiety-like behavior and changes in gut microbiota observed following social defeat stress in Syrian hamsters. We administered the probiotic at two different doses for 21 days, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed a shift in microbial structure following probiotic administration at both doses, independently of stress. Probiotic administration at either dose increased anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 compared to placebo. Surprisingly, probiotic administration at the low dose, equivalent to the one used in humans, significantly increased social avoidance and decreased social interaction. This behavioral change was associated with a reduction in microbial richness in this group. Together, these results demonstrate that probiotic administration alters gut microbial composition and may promote an anti-inflammatory profile but that these changes may not promote reductions in behavioral responses to social stress.

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