scholarly journals Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum taken in combination reduce the apoptosis propensity in the limbic system after myocardial infarction in a rat model

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie-Anne Girard ◽  
Thierno Madjou Bah ◽  
Sévan Kaloustian ◽  
Laura Lada-Moldovan ◽  
Isabelle Rondeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Myocardial infarction (MI) stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory substances that induce apoptosis in the limbic system. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered as the root cause of apoptosis, although the mechanism is not fully explained and/or understood at this time. In addition, depression may induce gastrointestinal perturbations that maintain the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It has been shown that some specific probiotic formulations may reduce gastrointestinal problems induced by stress and the pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio. Therefore, we hypothesised that probiotics, when given prophylactically, may diminish the apoptosis propensity in the limbic system following a MI. Male adult Sprague–Dawley rats were given probiotics (Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum in combination) or placebo in their drinking-water for four consecutive weeks. A MI was then induced in the rats by occluding the left anterior coronary artery for 40 min. Rats were killed following a 72 h reperfusion period. Infarct size was not different in the two groups. Bax/Bcl-2 (pro-apoptotic/anti-apoptotic) ratio and caspase-3 (pro-apoptotic) activity were reduced in the amygdala (lateral and medial), as well as in the dentate gyrus in the probiotics group when compared with the placebo. Akt activity (anti-apoptotic) was increased in these same three regions. No significant difference was observed in Ca1 and Ca3 for the different markers measured. In conclusion, the probiotics L. helveticus and B. longum, given in combination as preventive therapy, reduced the predisposition of apoptosis found in different cerebral regions following a MI.

scholarly journals Attenuation of post-myocardial infarction depression in rats by n-3 fatty acids or probiotics starting after the onset of reperfusion

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gilbert ◽  
Jessica Arseneault-Bréard ◽  
Fabio Flores Monaco ◽  
Alexanne Beaudoin ◽  
Thierno Madjou Bah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Reperfusion Period ◽  
Live Bacteria

Proinflammatory cytokines play a central role in depression-like behaviour and apoptosis in the limbic system after myocardial infarction (MI). A PUFA n-3 diet or the combination of Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 probiotics, when given before the ischaemic period, reduce circulating proinflammatory cytokines as well as apoptosis in the limbic system. The present study was designed to determine if the same nutritional interventions maintain their beneficial effects when started after the onset of the reperfusion period and attenuate depression-like behaviour observed after MI. MI was induced by the occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 40 min in rats. After the onset of reperfusion, animals were fed with a high- or low-PUFA n-3 diet, combined or not with one billion live bacteria of L. helveticus and B. longum. At 3 d post-MI, caspase-3 enzymatic activities and terminal 2′-deoxyuridine, 5′-triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labelling (TUNEL)-positive cells were decreased in the CA1, dentate gyrus (DG) and amygdala with the high-PUFA n-3 diet, as compared to the three other diets. Probiotics attenuated caspase-3 activity and TUNEL-positive cells in the DG and the medial amygdala. At 2 weeks post-MI, depression-like behaviour was observed in the low-PUFA n-3 diet without probiotics-group, and this behaviour was attenuated with the high-PUFA n-3 diet or/and probiotics. These results indicate that a high-PUFA n-3 diet or the administration of probiotics, starting after the onset of reperfusion, are beneficial to attenuate apoptosis in the limbic system and post-MI depression in the rat.

scholarly journals Troponin T and Histological Characteristics of Rat Myocardial Infarction Induced by Isoproterenol

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Zakira Mornjaković ◽  
Mira Winterhalter-Jadrić
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Histological Characteristics

In our investigation, we used short-time model of myocardial infarction of rats induced by high dose of isoproterenol (ISP). We investigated cardiac troponin T blood level (cTnT) and histological characteristics of rat myocardium. ISP, single, intraperitoneal dose 250 mg/kg was given to male, adult, Wistar rats (n=12). Rats were distributed depending on their body weight in subgroups: ISP I (BW 260-280g) and ISP II (BW 250-400g). Control group (n=9) was treated with intraperitoneal dose of 0,95% NaCl. Cardiac TnT was measured by electrochemiluminiscence (ECLA) sandwich immunoassay in rat serum 4 hours after ISP application. Rats’ hearts were dissected and examined by qualitative histological method (HE). Statistical significance was set at 0,05. There was significant difference in cTnT of ISP II (p=0,0001) vs. control and ISP I (p<0,05) vs. control. Significant difference was beetween ISP I and ISP II subgroups (p<0.001). The accent of histological changes of myocardium was on nuclei of cell. Cells showed acydophilic changes and nuclei disappearance as signs of coagulative necrosis development. Extensivity of histological changes were different beetween ISP I and ISP II subgroup. Used dose of ISP induced development of myocardial necrosis in rats. Suben-docardial portion of myocardium was more vulnerability than subepicardial portion. Rats of ISP II had more extensive histological changes than these in ISP I. Administered doses of ISP enabled cTnT utilization as a marker of myocardial necrosis.

Acute Phase Proteins (Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid A) and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-12 and IL-10) in Cows Vaccinated with Prototype Killed S. aureus Mastitis Vaccine and Challenged with S. aureus Mastitis Infection.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Umar Hambali ◽  
Faez Firdaus Jesse Bin Abdallah ◽  
Khaleequl rahaman Bhuttu ◽  
Azmi M Lila ◽  
zunita Zakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Bacterial Challenge ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract Background The economic downturn experienced by farmers and the fear of milk borne infection are of a greater public health concern. Haptoglobin, Serum Amyloid A, IL-12 and IL-10 in lactating Friesian cows vaccinated with prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine and challenged with S. aureus were evaluated. Bacterin concentration at 10 8 cfu /ml of the local isolate of S. aureus was adjuvanted with KAl(SO₄)₂. Six lactating Friesian cows were grouped into A= Negative control, B = Positive control and C = vaccine group. Group C was vaccinated intramuscularly with 2ml of the monovalent vaccine, groups A and B with physiologic normal saline. Groups B and C were later challenged with the live bacterium via intramammary route . Result There was a significant increase in IL-10 concentration in vaccinated group post primary vaccination (PPV), booster phase (PB) and during the bacterial challenge phase. There was also a significantly increased IL-12 concentration in the vaccinated group at 24 hours, weeks 1 and 2 PPV. Haptoglobin at 12 and 24 hours PPV had a significant difference in group C. During the PB at 8 and 12 hours there was a significant difference in group C. During the bacterial challenged phase at 0, 3, 24 hours and day 7 PC there was a significant difference in group B. At 8 hours PC there was a significant difference in group C. For Serum Amyloid A, during PPV at 0, 3, 8, 12, 24 hours and weeks 1 and 2, the concentrations was significantly different in groups C. During PB at 0, 3, 8 and 12 hours PB there was a significant difference in groups C. During the bacterial challenge phase at 3, 8, 12, 24 hours, days 7 and 14 PC there was a significant difference in group B. At 0 hour PC there was a significant increase observed in group C. Conclusion The developed prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine using local isolates was able to stimulate acute phase proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The pattern of responses PC indicated protection, thereby suggesting that vaccination can protect against mastitis infection in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effects of Gentianine on the Production of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Treated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wie-Jong Kwak ◽  
Joo-Hyon Kim ◽  
Keun-Ho Ryu ◽  
Yong-Baik Cho ◽  
Sun-Duck Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Differential clusterization of soluble and extracellular vesicle-associated cytokines in myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lebedeva ◽  
Wendy Fitzgerald ◽  
Ivan Molodtsov ◽  
Alexander Shpektor ◽  
Elena Vasilieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Infectious Etiology ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractA proinflammatory dysregulation of cytokine release is associated with various diseases, in particular with those of infectious etiology, as well as with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We showed earlier that cytokines are released in two forms, soluble and in association with extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, we investigated the patterns of expression and clustering of soluble and EV-associated cytokines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We collected plasma samples from 48 volunteers without CVD and 62 patients with STEMI, separated soluble and EV fractions, and analyzed them for 33 cytokines using a multiplexed bead-based assay. We identified soluble and EV-associated cytokines that are upregulated in STEMI and form correlative clusters. Several clustered soluble cytokines were expressed almost exclusively in patients with STEMI. EV-associated cytokines were largely not affected by STEMI, except for pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-18, and MIG, as well as anti-inflammatory IL-2 that were upregulated in a correlated fashion. Our results demonstrated that soluble cytokines in patients with STEMI are upregulated in a coordinated fashion in contrast to the mainly unaffected system of EV-associated cytokines. Identification of cytokine clusters affected differently by STEMI now permits investigation of their differential contributions to this pathology.

Microstructural changes and immunohistological analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines in spleens of lipopolysaccharide-induced rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. B. Zhong ◽  
X. L. Zhang ◽  
M. Y. Lv ◽  
X. F. Hu ◽  
Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

This study investigated splenic status changes in weaned Sprague-Dawley rats induced by lipopolysaccharide. There were forty 26-day-old rats selected randomly and equally divided into two groups. The treatment group received daily single doses of lipopolysaccharide, and the control group was treated with normal saline. We conducted haematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative optical density analysis for both groups on the 29th, 32nd, 35th and 38th days after treatment. The results indicated that splenic marginal zone in the lipopolysaccharide group was thinner or disappeared compared to that of the saline group. However, the periarterial lymphoid sheath and the diameters of splenic lymphoid follicles appeared thicker and wider than those in the saline group (P less than 0.05). The expression of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha was mainly localized within the periarterial lymphoid sheath and splenic lymphoid follicles in the lipopolysaccharide treated rats. The integrated optical density and the average optical density in the lipopolysaccharide group were greater than those in the normal saline treated group (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, splenic immune function is probably strengthened by altering microstructures and releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines following lipopolysaccharide treatment.

scholarly journals Aging as a Risk Factor on the Immunoexpression of Pro-Inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α Cytokines in Chronic Apical Periodontitis Lesions

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Quésia Euclides Teixeira ◽  
Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Marques Paes da Silva ◽  
Lucio Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Fabio Ramoa Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Persistent inflammatory responses in the elderly may act as modifiers on the progression and repair of chronic apical periodontitis lesions (CAPLs). While the involvement of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in inflammatory responses and, particularly, in CAPL has been documented, their expression in elderly patients needs to be further characterized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CAPL from elderly individuals with young/middle-aged individuals. Thirty CAPL (15 cysts and 15 granulomas) from elderly patients (>60 years) and 30 CAPL (15 cysts and 15 granuloma) from young/middle-aged individuals (20–56 years) were selected. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed against IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The slides were subdivided into five high-magnification fields and analyzed. The number of positive stains was evaluated for each antibody. There was no significant difference between the cytokines when the cysts and granuloma were compared in the two groups. In the young/middle-aged, only IL-1β showed a difference and was significantly higher in granulomas (p = 0.019). CAPL pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the elderly were significantly higher than in young/middle-aged individuals (p < 0.05). The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in CAPL in the elderly compared with the young/middle-aged group. Further elaborate research studies/analyses to elucidate the reasons for and consequences of inflammation in the elderly are recommended.

scholarly journals Pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression in myocardial infarction

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
O. L. Barbarash ◽  
N. B. Lebedeva ◽  
V. N. Karetnikova ◽  
S. A. Berns ◽  
V. V. Kashtalap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Anxiety ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Zung Depression Scale ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Aim. To assess the associations between inflammatory factors and anxiety (A) and depression (D) levels in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Material and methods. The study included 100 MI patients, hospitalised with a diagnosis of Q-wave MI (mean age 62,0±1,3 years). The methods of psychosocial status assessment included Zung depression scale and SpielbergerKhanin personal and reactive anxiety scales. The inflammatory markers of interest included interleukins (IL) 1-beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results. D and A symptoms in the early post-MI stage were associated with higher risk of cardiovascular events in the following year. Among MI patients with comparable MI severity, D and A symptoms were linked to higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1-beta, IL-8, IL-8, and INF-gamma. Conclusion. In MI patients with D and A symptoms, one of the mechanisms of poor prognosis is an activation of subclinical inflammation.

Taurine attenuates inflammatory response following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 411 (422) ◽  
pp. 411-422
Author(s):  
Katarina Matthes ◽  
Felix Niggli ◽  
Toshihiko Wakabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Transient Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Taurine is a kind of endogenous free amino acid in tissue and a potent antioxidant agent its function may in part be to adjust calcium homeostasis in cells, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and cell protector but little is known about the expression or the role of Taurine in the central nervous system. Stroke is the major cause of death and disability worldwide. Here, we investigated the role of Taurine in ischemic stroke as a potential neuroprotective using rat model of transient cerebral ischemia. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced by MCAO were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. TTC staining used to measurement of infarct volume in the brain and ELISA kits to assay cytokines. Our data suggested that Taurine reduced cerebral infarct size, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and produced lower level of ICAM-1. These results suggest that Taurine can be exerting significantly protective effect against brain ischemic injury through inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and ICAM-1.

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