scholarly journals Association between dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in Chinese child twins

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Terri Beaty ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Huijuan Liu ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Chinese Child ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake

AbstractDietary fat intake is correlated with increased insulin resistance (IR). However, it is unknown whether gene–diet interaction modulates the association. This study estimated heritability of IR measures and the related genetic correlations with fat intake, and tested whether dietary fat intake modifies the genetic influence on type 2 diabetes (T2D)-related traits in Chinese child twins. We included 622 twins aged 7–15 years (n 311 pairs, 162 monozygotic (MZ), 149 dizygotic (DZ)) from south-eastern China. Dietary factors were measured using FFQ. Structural equation models were fit using Mx statistical package. The intra-class correlation coefficients for all traits related to T2D were higher for MZ twins than for DZ twins. Dietary fat and fasting serum insulin (additive genetic correlation (rA) 0·20; 95 % CI 0·08, 0·43), glucose (rA 0·12; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·40), homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (Homa-IR) (rA 0·22; 95 % CI 0·10, 0·50) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (Quicki) (rA −0·22; 95 % CI −0·40, 0·04) showed strong genetic correlations. Heritabilities of dietary fat intake, fasting glucose and insulin were estimated to be 52, 70 and 70 %, respectively. More than 70 % of the phenotypic correlations between dietary fat and insulin, glucose, Homa-IR and the Quicki index appeared to be mediated by shared genetic influence. Dietary fat significantly modified additive genetic effects on these quantitative traits associated with T2D. Analysis of Chinese twins yielded high estimates of heritability of dietary fat intake and IR. Genetic factors appear to contribute to a high proportion of the variance for both insulin sensitivity and IR. Dietary fat intake modifies the genetic influence on blood levels of insulin and glucose, Homa-IR and the Quicki index.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota metabolites, amino acid metabolites and improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism: the POUNDS Lost trial

Gut ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Dianjianyi Sun ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Joseph A DiDonato ◽  
George A Bray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake

ObjectiveAlterations in gut microbiota have been linked to host insulin resistance, diabetes and impaired amino acid metabolism. We investigated whether changes in gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its nutrient precursors (choline and L-carnitine) were associated with improvements in glucose metabolism and diabetes-related amino acids in a weight-loss diet intervention.DesignWe included 504 overweight and obese adults who were randomly assigned to one of four energy-reduced diets varying in macronutrient intake. The 6-month changes (Δ) in TMAO, choline and L-carnitine levels after the intervention were calculated.ResultsGreater decreases in choline and L-carnitine were significantly (p<0.05) associated with greater improvements in fasting insulin concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at 6 months. The reduction of choline was significantly related to 2-year improvements in glucose and insulin resistance. We found significant linkages between dietary fat intake and ΔTMAO for changes in fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR (pinteraction <0.05); a greater increase in TMAO was related to lesser improvements in the outcomes among participants who consumed a high-fat diet. In addition, ΔL-carnitine and Δcholine were significantly related to changes in amino acids (including branched-chain and aromatic amino acids). Interestingly, the associations of ΔTMAO, Δcholine and ΔL-carnitine with diabetes-related traits were independent of the changes in amino acids.ConclusionOur findings underscore the importance of changes in TMAO, choline and L-carnitine in improving insulin sensitivity during a weight-loss intervention for obese patients. Dietary fat intake may modify the associations of TMAO with insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism.Trial registration numberNCT00072995.

1734-P: High Dietary Fat Intake Exacerbates Insulin Resistance in a Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Mouse Model

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1734-P
Author(s):  
AUSTIN REILLY ◽  
SHIJUN YAN ◽  
ALEXA J. LONCHARICH ◽  
HONGXIA REN
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
Genetic Mouse Model

Intra-pancreatic fat deposition as a modifier of the relationship between habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyeon Ko ◽  
Loren Skudder-Hill ◽  
Conor Tarrant ◽  
Wandia Kimita ◽  
Sakina H. Bharmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Insulin resistance as a modifier of the relationship between dietary fat intake and weight gain

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L Mosca ◽  
J A Marshall ◽  
G K Grunwald ◽  
M A Cornier ◽  
J Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Acute dietary fat intake initiates alterations in energy metabolism and insulin resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Álvarez Hernández ◽  
Sabine Kahl ◽  
Anett Seelig ◽  
Paul Begovatz ◽  
Martin Irmler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake

Association between dietary fat intake, liver fat, and insulin sensitivity in sedentary, abdominally obese, older men

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Kuk ◽  
Lance E. Davidson ◽  
Robert Hudson ◽  
Katherine Kilpatrick ◽  
Kinga Bacskai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
Diet Records

Whether dietary fat influences the interaction between liver fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and metabolic risk is unclear. Thus, we sought to determine the independent associations between 1 and 10 d dietary fat intake, liver fat, and VAT on insulin sensitivity using a cross-sectional design. Liver fat score (LFS) was assessed by computed tomography and VAT by magnetic resonance imaging in 42 abdominally obese older men. Insulin sensitivity was measured by the hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp technique. Diet composition was determined from self-recorded diet records for 1 and 10 d preceding the assessment of LFS. LFS was positively associated with the 10 d average fat and alcohol intake, but not with any 1 d average dietary variables. VAT (r = –0.36) and LFS (r = –0.32) were both negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). When LFS and VAT were entered in the same model, only VAT was an independent predictor of insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). Control for the average 10 d alcohol consumption and fat intake improved the association between insulin sensitivity and LFS (from r = –0.32, p > 0.10 to r = –0.49, p < 0.05), but not VAT. In fact, after control for the 10 d dietary variables, both LFS and VAT were independent predictors of insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). This was not true for any of the 1 d dietary intake variables. In conclusion, liver fat is associated with dietary fat intake and alcohol consumption over 10 d, but not 1 d. Furthermore, dietary habits may influence the relationship between liver fat and insulin sensitivity.

Is the association between dietary fat intake and insulin resistance modified by physical activity?

Metabolism ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1186-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-H Harding ◽  
D.E.M. Williams ◽  
S.H.J. Hennings ◽  
J. Mitchell ◽  
N.J. Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake
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