Fruit and vegetable consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

AbstractA systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies were performed to assess the dose–response associations between fruit or vegetable consumption and the chance of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Studies on the association between fruit or vegetable consumption and the risk of the MetS published from January 1958 to 30 October 2018 were searched using the PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase databases, and the references of relevant articles were reviewed. Random-effects models were used to estimate the summary OR with 95 % CI for the MetS, and dose–response analysis was conducted to quantify the associations. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using Q and I2 statistics. A total of nine observational studies (seven cross-sectional studies and two cohort studies) were included in the meta-analysis. In a dose–response analysis of cohort studies and cross-sectional studies, the summary estimate of the MetS for an increase of 100 g/d in fruit consumption (nine studies) was 0·97 (95 % CI 0·95, 0·99; I2 = 26·7 %), whereas an increase of 100 g/d in vegetable consumption (nine studies) was not associated with a reduction in the MetS (OR 0·98; 95 % CI 0·96, 1·01; I2 = 54·6 %). In conclusion, an increased intake of fruit may reduce the risk of the MetS. For future research, prospective studies or randomised clinical trials are needed to identify the effects of fruits and vegetables by variety on the risk of the MetS.

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Dairy food consumption is associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518001460 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. 373-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Mijin Lee ◽

Hanna Lee ◽

Jihye Kim

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dairy Food ◽

Dairy Foods ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

AbstractA systematic review and a meta-analysis of observational studies were performed to assess the dose–response relationship between specific types of dairy foods and the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Studies of dairy foods and the risk of the MetS and its components published up to June 2016 were searched using PubMed, EMBASE and a reference search. Random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI. Finally, ten cross-sectional studies, two nested case–control studies and twenty-nine cohort studies were included for the analysis. In a dose–response analysis of cohort studies and cross-sectional studies, the pooled RR of the MetS for a one-serving/d increment of total dairy food (nine studies) and milk (six studies) consumption (200 g/d) were 0·91 (95 % CI 0·85, 0·96) and 0·87 (95 % CI 0·79, 0·95), respectively. The pooled RR of the MetS for yogurt (three studies) consumption (100 g/d) was 0·82 (95 % CI 0·73, 0·91). Total dairy food consumption was associated with lower risk of MetS components, such as hyperglycaemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL- cholesterol. A one-serving/d increment of milk was related to a 12 % lower risk of abdominal obesity, and a one-serving/d increment of yogurt was associated with a 16 % lower risk of hyperglycaemia. These associations were not significantly different by study design, study location or adjustment factors. This meta-analysis showed that specific types of dairy food consumption such as milk and yogurt as well as total dairy food consumption were inversely related to risk of the MetS and its components.

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Dietary calcium intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome: evidence from observational studies

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019000247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 2055-2062 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lixiao Cheng ◽

Danqing Hu ◽

Wenjie Jiang

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Response Analysis ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prospective Cohort Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

AbstractObjectiveEpidemiological investigations evaluating the association of dietary Ca intake with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk have yielded controversial results. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively summarize the association between dietary Ca intake and the risk of MetS.DesignPubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published up to October 2018. The pooled OR and 95 % CI were calculated with a random-effects model.SettingMeta-analysis.ParticipantsNine cross-sectional studies.ResultsA total of nine articles with fifteen studies for dietary Ca intake were finally included in the meta-analysis. The combined OR with 95 % CI of MetS for the highest v. lowest category of dietary Ca intake was 0·80 (95 % CI 0·70, 0·91). For dose–response analysis, a non-linear relationship was found between dietary intake of Ca and risk of MetS (Pnon-linearity<0·001). The threshold for dietary Ca intake was 280 mg/d (OR=0·87; 95 % CI 0·82, 0·93), reducing the risk of MetS by 13 %.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis suggests that dietary Ca intake might reduce the risk of MetS, which needs to be further confirmed by larger prospective cohort studies.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.6105964.6144055 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Erik Buskens ◽

Henk Groen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Hormone Binding ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

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The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Ethiopian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2020/2701309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Sintayehu Ambachew ◽

Aklilu Endalamaw ◽

Abebaw Worede ◽

Yalewayker Tegegne ◽

Mulugeta Melku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Background. The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke, and all-cause mortality. The burden of metabolic syndrome is emerging alarmingly in low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia; however, there is lack of comprehensive estimation. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopia. Methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis included original articles of observational studies published in the English language. Searches were carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Africa Journals from conception to August 2020. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopia. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Subgroup analysis was also conducted based on sex/gender and study subjects. Egger’s test was used to assess publication bias. Results. Electronic and gray literature search retrieved 942 potentially relevant papers. After removing duplicates and screening with eligibility criteria, twenty-eight cross-sectional studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopia was found to be 34.89% (95% CI: 26.77, 43.01) and 27.92% (95% CI: 21.32, 34.51) by using NCEP/ATP III and IDF criteria, respectively. The weighted pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in females 36.74% (95% CI: 20.72, 52.75) and 34.09% (95% CI: 26.68, 41.50) compared to males 22.22% (95% CI: 14.89, 29.56) and 24.82% (95% CI: 18.34, 31.31) by using IDF and NCEP/ATP III criteria, respectively. Subgroup analysis based on the study subjects using NCEP/ATP III showed that the weighted pooled prevalence was 63.78%(95% CI: 56.17, 71.40), 44.55% (95% CI: 30.71, 52.38), 23.09% (95% CI: 19.74, 26.45), 20.83% (95% CI: 18.64, 23.01), and 18.45% (95% CI: 13.89, 23.01) among type 2 diabetes patients, hypertensive patients, psychiatric patients, HIV patients on HAART, and working adults, respectively. The most frequent metabolic syndrome components were low HDL-C 51.0% (95% CI: 42.4, 59.7) and hypertriglyceridemia 39.7% (95% CI: 32.8, 46.6). Conclusions. The findings revealed an emerging high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopia. Therefore, early intervention is required for the primary prevention of the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and the further reduction of the morbidity and mortality related to it.

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The association between Sugars Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) and lipid profile among children and youth: A systematic review and dose‐response meta‐analysis of cross‐sectional studies

Pediatric Obesity ◽

10.1111/ijpo.12782 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leila Nikniaz ◽

Mahdieh Abbasalizad‐Farhangi ◽

Mahdi Vajdi ◽

Zeinab Nikniaz

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Dose Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

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The relationship between depression and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta‐analysis of observational studies

Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology ◽

10.1186/s40842-021-00117-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yousef Moradi ◽

Ahmed N Albatineh ◽

Hassan Mahmoodi ◽

Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ottawa Scale

Abstract Introduction The link between metabolic syndrome and depression has always been controversial. Different studies that have examined the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression have reported different results. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the association between depression and MetS by meta-analysis. Methods Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and ISI were searched for publications in English from January 1990 to February 2020. Search included cohort and cross-sectional studies aimed at examining the association between depression and MetS. The risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted. Results 49 studies with total sample size 399,494 were analyzed. Results indicated the odds of MetS was higher in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals [OR: 1.48; 95 %CI: 1.33–1.64) vs. (OR: 1.38; 95 %CI: 1.17–1.64)]. For cross-sectional studies, depressed patients in Europe (OR = 1.35; 95 %CI: 1.47–1.99) were at higher odds of MetS compared to those in America and Asia. For cohort studies, depressed patients in America (OR = 1.46; 95 %CI: 1.16–1.84) were at higher odds of MetS than those in Europe. Cross-sectional studies indicated women with depression were at higher odds of MetS (OR = 1.95; 95 %CI: 1.38–2.74) compared to men. In both types of studies, the odds of MetS decreased with age. Conclusions Metabolic syndrome is more common in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals.

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Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of depression: accumulative evidence from an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518000697 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 119 (10) ◽

pp. 1087-1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Faezeh Saghafian ◽

Hanieh Malmir ◽

Parvane Saneei ◽

Alireza Milajerdi ◽

Bagher Larijani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Studies ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽

Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

AbstractFindings from observational studies investigating the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of depression were inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise available data on the association between fruit and vegetable intake and depression. A systematic literature search of relevant reports published in Medline/PubMed, ISI (Web of Science), SCOPUS and Google Scholar until Oct 2017 was conducted. Data from 27 publications (sixteen cross-sectional, nine cohort and two case–control studies) on fruit, vegetables and/or total fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to depression were included in the systematic review. A total of eighteen studies that reported relative risks (RR), hazard ratios or OR for the relationship were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR for depression in the highest v. the lowest category of fruit intake was 0·83 (95 % CI 0·71, 0·98) in cohort studies and 0·76 (95 % CI 0·63, 0·92) in cross-sectional studies. Consumption of vegetables was also associated with a 14 % lower risk of depression (overall RR=0·86; 95 % CI 0·75, 0·98) in cohort studies and a 25 % lower risk of depression (overall RR=0·75; 95 % CI 0·62, 0·91) in cross-sectional studies. Moreover, an inverse significant association was observed between intake of total fruit and vegetables and risk of depression (overall RR=0·80; 95 % CI 0·65, 0·98) in cross-sectional studies. In a non-linear dose–response association, we failed to find any significant association between fruit or vegetable intake and risk of depression (fruit (cross-sectional studies): Pnon-linearty=0·12; vegetables (cross-sectional studies): Pnon-linearty<0·001; (cohort studies) Pnon-linearty=0·97). Meta-regression of included observational studies revealed an inverse linear association between fruit or vegetable intake and risk of depression, such that every 100-g increased intake of fruit was associated with a 3 % reduced risk of depression in cohort studies (RR=0·97; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·99). With regard to vegetable consumption, every 100-g increase in intake was associated with a 3 % reduced risk of depression in cohort studies (RR=0·97; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·98) and 5 % reduced odds in cross-sectional studies (RR=0·95; 95 % CI 0·91, 0·98). This meta-analysis of observational studies provides further evidence that fruit and vegetable intake was protectively associated with depression. This finding supports the current recommendation of increasing fruit and vegetable intake to improve mental health.

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Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with metabolic syndrome. A meta-analysis of observational studies

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018000381 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 1693-1703 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Dian-zhong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fruit Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Prospective Cohort Studies

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the associations of vegetable and/or fruit consumption with metabolic syndrome (MetS).DesignMeta-analysis of observational studies.SettingThe electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched up to September 2017 for observational studies concerning the associations of vegetable and/or fruit consumption with MetS. The pooled relative risk (RR) of MetS for the highest v. the lowest category of vegetable and/or fruit consumption, as well as their corresponding 95 % CI, were calculated.ResultsA total of twenty-six observational studies (twenty cross-sectional, one case–control and five cohort studies) were included in the meta-analysis. Specifically, sixteen studies were related to vegetable consumption and the overall multivariable-adjusted RR evidenced a negative association between vegetable consumption and MetS (RR=0·89, 95 % CI 0·85, 0·93; P<0·001). For fruit consumption, sixteen studies were included and the overall multivariable-adjusted RR demonstrated that fruit consumption was inversely associated with MetS (RR=0·81, 95 % CI 0·75, 0·88; P<0·001). For vegetable and fruit consumption, eight studies were included; the overall multivariable-adjusted RR showed that vegetable and fruit consumption was also negatively associated with MetS (RR=0·75, 95 % CI 0·63, 0·90; P=0·002).ConclusionsThe existing evidence suggests that vegetable and/or fruit consumption is negatively associated with MetS. More well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed to elaborate the concerned issues further.

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