Associations between body shape across the life course and adulthood concentrations of sex hormones in men and pre- and postmenopausal women: a multicohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Chen ◽  
Dong Hang ◽  
Ane S. Kværner ◽  
Edward Giovannucci ◽  
Mingyang Song
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Stable Group ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Medium Increase

Abstract The objective was to investigate associations between life-course adiposity and sex hormone concentrations: trajectory of adiposity from age 5 to 40 (premenopausal)/60 (postmenopausal women and men) in relation to levels of oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), sex hormone-binding globulins (SHBG), testosterone in 4801 premenopausal and 6019 postmenopausal women in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and NHS II, and 2431 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We used group-based trajectory models to identify groups within each cohort based on recalled somatotypes and reported BMI. Multivariate linear regression models were used to compare sex hormone concentration across different trajectory groups. The mean age at blood draw was 64·1 ± 8·1 years for men, 59·4 ± 6·0 for postmenopausal and 44·1 ± 4·6 for premenopausal women. In men, compared with the medium-stable group, lean-marked increase and medium increase groups had lower levels of SHBG (percentage difference: −17 and −9 %) and testosterone (−15 and −13 %). In postmenopausal women, compared with the medium-stable group, lean-marked increase and medium increase groups had higher levels of E1 (21 and 34 %) and E2 (45 and 68 %) but lower level of SHBG (–29 and −35 %). In premenopausal women, compared with the lean-moderate increase group, medium-stable/increase and heavy-stable/increase groups had lower levels of SHBG (–6 and −28 %). Attained adulthood adiposity and middle-life weight gain were associated with lower SHBG and testosterone in men, higher E1 and E2 and lower SHBG in postmenopausal women, and lower SHBG in premenopausal women. The study indicates the importance of maintaining a healthy body weight throughout life course for homoeostasis of sex hormones.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption in Relation to Plasma Sex Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone–Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2943-2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Hirko ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
Susan E. Hankinson ◽  
A. Heather Eliassen
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding

scholarly journals Trajectories of body fatness from age 5 to 60 y and plasma biomarker concentrations of the insulin–insulin-like growth factor system

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane S Kværner ◽  
Dong Hang ◽  
Edward L Giovannucci ◽  
Walter C Willett ◽  
Andrew T Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Stable Group ◽  
Plasma Biomarker ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Igfbp 3

Abstract Background A major pathway through which obesity increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and cancer is by inducing hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, including hyperinsulinemia and altered insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling. However, little is known about the influence of lifetime adiposity on the relevant biomarkers. Objective The aim of this study was to examine associations of trajectories of body fatness with plasma biomarker concentrations of the insulin-IGF system in 2 large prospective cohorts of US men and women. Design Associations between trajectories of body fatness and concentrations of plasma C-peptide, IGF-I, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1, IGFBP-3, and the IGF-I–to–IGFBP-3 molar ratio was examined in 9386 women of the Nurses’ Health Study and 3941 men of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to create trajectory groups on the basis of self-reported somatotype data at ages 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 y and body mass index (BMI) at ages 45, 50, 55, and 60 y. We used multivariate linear regression models to examine the associations of trajectories with biomarker concentrations. Results Five trajectories of body fatness were identified: “lean-stable,” “lean–moderate increase,” “lean–marked increase,” “medium-stable/increase,” and “medium–marked increase.” Compared with the lean-stable group, the lean–marked increase and medium–marked increase groups had significantly higher concentrations of C-peptide (percentage difference—women: 44% and 73%; men: 27% and 51%) and lower concentrations of IGFBP-1 (women: –61% and –78%; men: –47% and –65%). Adjustment for current BMI attenuated the association to null for the medium–marked increase group, but the lean–marked increase group still had modestly higher concentrations of C-peptide (women: 10%; men: 6%) and lower concentrations of IGFBP-1 (women: –18%; men: –21%) than the lean-stable group. Conclusions Adiposity across the life span was associated with higher C-peptide and lower IGFBP-1 concentrations in adulthood. The associations were largely driven by attained adiposity and, to a lesser extent, weight gain in early-middle adulthood. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03419455.

scholarly journals Association of sex hormones and sex hormone–binding globulin with depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 877-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Colangelo ◽  
Lynette L. Craft ◽  
Pamela Ouyang ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
Pamela J. Schreiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding

scholarly journals Association between Endogenous Sex Hormones and Coronary Artery Disease in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopali Khanna ◽  
Avinash Bansal ◽  
Sudeep Kumar ◽  
Naveen Garg ◽  
Satyendra Tewari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Triple Vessel Disease ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease

Background Incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) increases significantly in postmenopausal women, which is assumed to be an imbalance between serum androgen and estrogen levels. However, studies assessing serum sex hormones and CAD are few and have shown conflicting results. Objective To compare serum sex hormone levels and traditional risk factors among postmenopausal women with angiographically proven CAD and without CAD. Method The study included consecutive postmenopausal women undergoing coronary angiography in our institute from May 2016 to June 2017. The clinical and coronary angiographic data and traditional risk factors were assessed. Fasting serum levels of estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and insulin were measured. Results A total of 121 postmenopausal women were included in the study; 69 were CAD and 52 without CAD. Single-vessel disease was most common (55.1%), followed by double-vessel disease (24.6%) and triple-vessel disease (20.3%). Women with CAD had significantly lower estradiol/testosterone (E2/T) ratio (3.7 ± 2.6 vs. 5.4 ± 4.2, p = 0.008) compared with non-CAD group. SHBG, DHEA-S, and insulin levels were similar in CAD and non-CAD groups. The serum level of estradiol predicted the E2/T ratio (r = 0.316, p < 0.001) and positively associated with DHEA (r = 0.181, p = 0.047). Testosterone was negatively associated with E2/T ratio (r = – 0.682, p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation of estrogen, testosterone, or E2/T ratio to lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL) in women with CAD. Conclusion E2/T ratio was significantly lowered in postmenopausal women with CAD. E2/T ratio may be a used a predictor of CAD in postmenopausal women

scholarly journals THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF PROSTATIC AND VESICULAR TRANSPLANTS IN THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER OF THE EYE

1937 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Moore ◽  
Robert H. Melchionna ◽  
S. H. Tolins ◽  
H. B. Rosenblum
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Alkaline Extract ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
Male Sex

1. With a photographic method for the determination of the size of prostatic and vesicular transplants in the anterior chamber of the eye, it has been possible to follow continuously the response to an injection of a hormone. 2. The results may be briefly summarized as follows: (a) One injection of the gonadotropic substance of pregnancy urine produces a moderate increase in size; (b) subsequent injections of this same substance for a period of at least 3 months are without effect; (c) an alkaline extract of the whole anterior pituitary gland produces a similar increase; (d) all pituitary derivatives are ineffective in the castrated animal; (e) castration brings about a decrease in size that gradually loses velocity; (f) the male sex hormone produces a slight increase in intact, and a variable, at times conspicuous, increase in castrated animals; (g) the female sex hormone provokes a conspicuous increase in both intact and castrated animals; (h) the hormone of the corpus luteum has no effect; and (i) there is no evidence of synergism of the pituitary and male sex hormones nor of antagonism of the male and female sex hormones in adult rabbits.

Urinary Equol is Associated with Bioavailable Testosterone but not Total Testosterone in Women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-li Dong ◽  
Feng Xiong ◽  
Qing-wei Zhong ◽  
Yi-hong Li ◽  
Meng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone

Little is known about the association between equol and bioavailable testosterone (BT) in adults. We examined the associations of urinary equol concentrations with serum total, bioavailable and free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfide (DHEAS), free androgen index (FAI) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. This cross-sectional study included 1904 women aged 59.7 years. Urinary equol and serum sex hormone concentrations were measured. Overall, urinary equol tended to be inversely associated with bioactive forms of androgenic indices (BT, FT or FAI) but not with total testosterone (TT) or DHEAS. Urinary equol was also positively associated with SHBG. In multi-covariate-adjusted analyses stratified by menopausal status, graded and inverse associations between urinary equol and bioactive forms of androgenic indices (BT, FT and FAI) were observed in postmenopausal women (all p-trends &lt;0.05), but not in premenopausal women. A significant positive association between urinary equol and SHBG was observed only in postmenopausal women. No significant associations were observed between urinary equol and TT or DHEAS in either group. A path analysis indicated that these associations of equol with androgens in postmenopausal women might be mediated by SHBG. Our findings indicated urinary equol exhibited graded and inverse associations with BT or FT but not TT in women.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Plasma Sex Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone–Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Hirko ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
Junaidah B. Barnett ◽  
Eunyoung Cho ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding

Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Postmenopausal Well-Trained Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110141
Author(s):  
Nuria Romero-Parra ◽  
Cristina Maestre-Cascales ◽  
Nuria Marín-Jiménez ◽  
Beatriz Rael ◽  
Victor M. Alfaro-Magallanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Hormone Deprivation

Background: Sex hormone deprivation derived from menopause may affect exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). No studies have previously evaluated this response between postmpenopausal and premenopausal eumenorrheic women over the menstrual cycle. Hypothesis: Postmenopausal women will present higher EIMD markers than premenopausal women, especially in comparison with the menstrual cycle phases where sex hormone concentrations are higher. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Thirteen postmenopausal and 19 eumenorrheic women, all of them resistance-trained, performed an eccentric squat-based exercise. The postmenopausal group performed 1 bout of exercise, while the eumenorrheic group performed 3 bouts coinciding with the early follicular, late follicular, and mid-luteal phases ot their menstrual cycle. Muscle soreness, countermovement jump, creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein were evaluated before and postexercise. Results: The expected differences in sex hormones were observed between groups ( P < 0.001) according to their reproductive status. Postexercise increases in CK, myoglobin, and muscle soreness (168.2 ± 45.5 U/L, 123.1 ± 41.5 µg/L, and 20.7 ± 21.3 mm, respectively) were observed in comparison with baseline (136.2 ± 45.5 U/L, 76.9 ± 13.8 µg/L, and 2.7 ± 4.2 mm, respectively). Myoglobin values at baseline in postmenopausal women were higher compared with premenopausal women in the aforementioned menstrual cycle phases, respectively (62.8 ± 8.2, 60.4 ± 7.2, and 60.1 ± 10.6 µg/L; P < 0.001 for all comparisons), which was supported by large effect sizes (0.72-1.08 standardized d units). No postexercise differences were observed between groups in any markers ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Despite higher resting levels of myoglobin and lower strength values in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women, EIMD was similar between both reproductive profiles. This suggests a potential benefit of being physically active despite aging and sex hormone deprivation. Clinical Relevance: Sex hormone deprivation derived from menopause seems not to influence muscle damage reponse to eccentric exercise in resistance-trained postmenopausal women.

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