Opinion Structure of Party Activists: The Reform Party of Canada

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Archer ◽  
Faron Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Bases ◽  
Party Activists ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reform Party Of Canada

AbstractThis article provides a systematic examination of the social bases and ideological and policy orientations of the Reform party of Canada through a study of the attitudes of delegates attending its 1992 national assembly. We identify the core political attitudes of Reform activists, and examine whether their positions on policy matters are distinctive and whether they are characterized by internal cohesion or division. We then examine the party's mobilization strategy to determine the extent to which this strategy produces systematic cleavages among party activists. Our analysis reveals that Reform promotes a distinctive position on a number of salient political issues. However, we also challenge the view that Reform activists are united by a unidimensional right-wing ideology. We conclude by discussing the impact of party mobilization on future divisions within the party.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Islamist Official and Unofficial Laws in the Erdoganist Turkey: The Case of Child Marriages

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Ihsan Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Turkish Family ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
The Impact

Religion in the hands of authoritarian governments can prove to be an effective political instrument to further their agenda. This paper attempts to explore this aspect of authoritarianism with the case of Turkish family laws under Erdoganist Islamist legal pluralism. The paper analyzes the AKP’s government’s attempts at pro-Islamist legislation, fatwas produced by Diyanet (Turkish Directorate of Religious Affairs) and by pro-government right-wing religious scholars to explore the changes that have occurred, both formally and informally, in the largely secular family laws of the Republic of Turkey in the last decade. By focusing on the age of marriage, this paper tries to understand the impact of Islamist legal pluralism and unofficial Islamist laws on the formal legal system as well as the social implications of this plural socio-legal reality, particularly for vulnerable groups such as the poor, refugees, children, and women. The trends demonstrate the informal system’s skew towards Islamism, patriarchy and disregard for fundamental rights. This Islamist legal plurality almost always operates against the women and underage girls, which creates profound individual and social problems. The paper concludes by pointing out the critical issues emerging in the domain of family law due to the link between the growing power of Islamist legal pluralism and its political instrumentalization by the Justice and Development Party (AKP).

scholarly journals Varieties of populism

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tushnet
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Right Wing Populism ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
International Social

AbstractContemporary discussions of populism elide important distinctions between the ways in which populist leaders and movements respond to the failures of elites to follow through on the promises associated with international social welfare constitutionalism. After laying out the political economy of populisms’ origins, this Article describes the relation between populisms and varieties of liberalism, and specifically the relation between populisms and judicial independence understood as a “veto point” occupied by the elites that populists challenge. It then distinguishes left-wing populisms’ acceptance of the social welfare commitments of late twentieth century liberalism and its rejection of some settled constitutional arrangements that, in populists’ views, obstruct the accomplishment of those commitments. It concludes with a description of the core ethnonationalism of right-wing populism, which sometimes contingently appears in left-wing populisms but is not one the latter’s core components.

An Overview on Strategic ICT Implementations Toward Developing Knowledge Societies

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakikur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Society ◽  
National Level ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

As nations continue to conceptualize, adopt, implement and monitor their respective information and communications technologies (ICTs) policies and e-strategies, it is vital that a critical assessment is undertaken on their effective progress. This includes analysis of strategies, methodologies and best practices while weighing the impact, effectiveness and efficiency of these policies and strategies. However, the demands, motivations and incentives of various governments for adopting, adapting and initiating ICTs varies from country to country, with diverse economic, social, cultural and political environments. Researches in this aspect recognized the necessity of a cohesive ICT policy and strategic framework in each country for socio-economic development at their grass roots. The execution of these policies and strategies should include concrete national commitment and strong political will at the highest levels of government, and an enabling environment that promotes stakeholder involvement in setting agendas and implementing plans and programs. This chapter provides insights into various national implementations in promoting related activities, tried to establish an analytical approach that would assist in formulating ICT policies and strategies by identifying different ICT indicators. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on critical aspects of different strategic national level policies with short-medium-long term visions that targeted both the immediate needs of the populace and long-term needs of nations by integrating ICTs. Finally, this chapter has recommended that via coherent and complimentary policies that engage both the private sector and civil society organizations, nations can move forward towards creating a knowledge society and at the same time by leveraging capabilities of ICT can address the social, economic and political issues on the ground.

Children: paying the price of Bolsonaro’s social policy reform in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael da Silva Barbosa ◽  
Gary Spolander ◽  
Maria Lúcia Teixeira Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Policy Reform ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Life Journey ◽  
The Impact

The impact of social inequality on children has enormous implications for young people throughout their life journey by negatively impacting their health, well-being and life chances. Following the democratisation of Brazil, significant change resulted in improvements to the social welfare and health care systems, which had begun to address long-standing social and health problems. This article critically explores the implications of current retrograde right-wing populist political government policies for Brazilian children within the context of efforts to reduce income inequality and improve the life chances of children. While recognising the enormous challenges of poverty, racial discrimination, precarity and socio-economic conditions, social work has recognised that the enactment of the profession requires political engagement and action against all inequality in professional practice. The implications of retrogressive policy are explored, and the authors call upon the profession globally to recognise these structural socio-economic challenges and question whether social work can afford not to be engaged in seeking change.

scholarly journals The Impact of Electricity and Water Subsidies in the United Arab Emirates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gallaher ◽  
Tanzeed Alam ◽  
Nadia Rouchdy
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Tariff Reform ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
The Impact

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has some of the highest electricity and water consumption rates in the world. A driving factor is the presence of electricity and water subsidies and their impact on the investment in efficiency, technology adoption, and implementation of best practices. Decades of subsidization have made Gulf Cooperation Council businesses some of the world’s most inefficient energy and water consumers, and there is a growing consensus in the UAE that a comprehensive conservation plan is needed. However, for any comprehensive conservation plan to be successful, it must include tariff reform as a cornerstone. The social and political issues associated with tariff reform are not trivial. A comprehensive approach needs to be developed and implemented while energy prices are low and the initial impact on customers can be minimized.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of Soclo-Technlcal Core-Periphery Structures in Open Source Software Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintan Amrit ◽  
Jos van Hillegersberg
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Pattern Theory ◽  
The Core ◽  
Network Concept ◽  
Technical Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

In this paper we apply the social network concept of core-periphery structure to the socio-technical structure of a software development team. We propose a socio-technical pattern that can be used to locate emerging coordination problems in Open Source projects. With the help of our tool and method called TESNA, we demonstrate a method to monitor the socio-technical core-periphery movement in Open Source projects. We then study the impact of different core-periphery movements on Open Source projects. We conclude that a steady core-periphery shift towards the core is beneficial to the project, whereas shifts away from the core are clearly not good. Furthermore, oscillatory shifts towards and away from the core can be considered as an Indication of the instability of the project. Such an analysis can provide developers with a good Insight into the health of an Open Source project. Researchers can gain from the pattern theory, and from the method we use to study the core-periphery movements.

What is Globalization? The Paradoxes of the Economic and Political Substance of Markets

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvon Pesqueux
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
The Core ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

To view globalization in the context of easy or restricted access to global resources is only a very restrictive concept limiting its dimension to geographic space. The term should be assessed in its broader context to understand fully the impact on business, society and culture. This thematic article addresses various perspectives: a descriptive perspective linking globalization with trade flows; a political perspective linking globalization with the ‘crisis’ of sovereignty; a historical perspective about the ‘world-economy’, and a cultural and anthropological perspective. The article goes on to highlight and discuss six senses, each of which has its own logic: an economic sense mainly related to the consequences of multinational corporations’ activity; a geographic sense in which globalization is a geography of flows of activities and their anchorage in a country independent of its geographic space; a political sense that factors in the growing weight of ‘supranational’ organizations and the importance attached to ‘transnational’ political issues; a dogmatic sense in which globalization is a necessary doctrine; a historical sense in which globalization is the current verbalization of capitalism as a political order applicable worldwide; and an organizational sense which places at the core of organizational rationales a relational perspective. The paradoxes of the economic and political substance of the markets are underlined.

scholarly journals Releasing prisoners during COVID-19: the impact of the support for the early release, perceived insecurity and political orientation on attitudes towards released prisoners in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Cristina Lopes ◽  
Isabel Rocha Pinto ◽  
José Mendes Marques ◽  
Magdalena Bobowik
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Reintegration ◽  
Early Release ◽  
The Social ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to examine how prisoners’ early release affects other citizens’ perceived insecurity and their attitudes towards those released prisoners, and how citizens’ political orientation influences these variables. Design/methodology/approach A total of 383 Portuguese participants were presented with a recommendation from the United Nations for the release of prisoners because of COVID-19 and then asked to fill in a questionnaire measuring their political orientation, support for the early release of prisoners, perceived insecurity regarding such measure and their attitudes towards the released prisoners. Findings Results showed that support for the release of prisoners during COVID-19 is associated with perceived insecurity and both, in turn, predicts inclusive attitudes regarding these prisoners, while only perceived insecurity is associated with an agreement with an intensification of social control measures. Right-wing participants were found to express the negative side. The more participants felt insecure, the more they believed released prisoners should not have the same rights as common citizens and the more they should be left out of the community. Research limitations/implications The major limitation of this study concerns the sample: the authors collected answers from Portuguese participants exclusively, most of which held a university degree. Practical implications At least two major implications can be drawn from this study’s results. These implications deal with prisoners’ entrance in what can be considered a cycle of exclusion and the promotion of their social reintegration once they are released from prison. Social implications The findings point out the necessity to firstly put an effort in deconstructing the insecurity perception that results from the prospective of having prisoners back into society – that is to understand why it happens and how it can be reduced – promoting efficacy in the inclusion of these prisoners and preventing the emergence of controlling or protective approaches directed to these individuals in their return to society by enhancing people’s awareness that the social reintegration of ex-prisoners will benefit the whole community. Originality/value The authors present a different perspective of the impact that managing COVID-19 in prisons has on society.

Zrozumieć zmianę. Konstruowanie tożsamości ideowych młodej lewicy i młodej prawicy w warunkach przemian politycznych i społecznych w Polsce po 2015 roku

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-170
Author(s):  
Ewelina Nowakowska
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Media ◽  
The Self ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the preliminary results of the research studies on the self- -identification of the young left-wing and young right-wing in Poland. This research was conducted in the years 2018–2019. The first part of the article consists of a description of the current difficulties related to the theoretical meaning of the concepts of “the left” and “the right” in Poland. Meanwhile, the second part presents and discusses the empirical conceptualization of the meaning of leftist and right-wing political ideological currents in Poland after 2015 on the basis of the results of preliminary qualitative research. I especially make note of the social and political phenomena that have been occurring in Poland since 2015. In particular, these concern changes at the macroeconomic level that have been introduced by the Law and Justice party as well as the phenomenon of populism; progressive digitalization and the impact of the new media; the processes of migration and mobility; social changes; and climate change, which undoubtedly impact the mechanisms of self-identification, the definitions of the right and the left, and understanding them as well as the identities related to such ideologies. My research focuses on the question how to examine the ideological identities of young people in the context of these transformations.

An Overview on Strategic ICT Implementations Toward Developing Knowledge Societies

2008 ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakikur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Society ◽  
National Level ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

As nations continue to conceptualize, adopt, implement and monitor their respective information and communications technologies (ICTs) policies and e-strategies, it is vital that a critical assessment is undertaken on their effective progress. This includes analysis of strategies, methodologies and best practices while weighing the impact, effectiveness and efficiency of these policies and strategies. However, the demands, motivations and incentives of various governments for adopting, adapting and initiating ICTs varies from country to country, with diverse economic, social, cultural and political environments. Researches in this aspect recognized the necessity of a cohesive ICT policy and strategic framework in each country for socio-economic development at their grass roots. The execution of these policies and strategies should include concrete national commitment and strong political will at the highest levels of government, and an enabling environment that promotes stakeholder involvement in setting agendas and implementing plans and programs. This chapter provides insights into various national implementations in promoting related activities, tried to establish an analytical approach that would assist in formulating ICT policies and strategies by identifying different ICT indicators. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on critical aspects of different strategic national level policies with short-medium-long term visions that targeted both the immediate needs of the populace and long-term needs of nations by integrating ICTs. Finally, this chapter has recommended that via coherent and complimentary policies that engage both the private sector and civil society organizations, nations can move forward towards creating a knowledge society and at the same time by leveraging capabilities of ICT can address the social, economic and political issues on the ground.

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