scholarly journals Inference of posterior inclusion probability of QTLs in Bayesian shrinkage analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEGUANG YANG ◽  
SHANSHAN HAN ◽  
DAN JIANG ◽  
RUNQING YANG ◽  
MING FANG
Keyword(s):  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Mixture Distribution ◽  
Shrinkage Estimation ◽  
Posterior Probabilities ◽  
Inclusion Probability ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
The North ◽  
Bayesian Shrinkage ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Qtls Mapping

SummaryBayesian shrinkage analysis estimates all QTLs effects simultaneously, which shrinks the effect of “insignificant” QTLs close to zero so that it does not need special model selection. Bayesian shrinkage estimation usually has an excellent performance on multiple QTLs mapping, but it could not give a probabilistic explanation of how often a QTLs is included in the model, also called posterior inclusion probability, which is important to assess the importance of a QTL. In this research, two methods, FitMix and SimMix, are proposed to approximate the posterior probabilities. Under the assumption of mixture distribution of the estimated QTL effect, FitMix and SimMix mathematically and intuitively fit mixture distribution, respectively. The simulation results showed that both methods gave very reasonable estimates for posterior probabilities. We also applied the two methods to map QTLs for the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project data.

A heart failure care optimisation project in the north of Scotland

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marianne O'Hara ◽  
Amanda Smith ◽  
Emma Foster ◽  
Stephen J Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Optimal Medical Therapy ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Heart Failure Care ◽  
The North ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Project Data

Introduction: This project aimed to assess and optimise the treatment of all patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: Consecutive patients discharged with a heart failure code (ICD-10) between April 2014 and July 2017 were included. The medical records were reviewed to ensure optimal medical therapy and in cases where this was not being received, a process of ‘active optimisation’ was initiated. Results: Out of 656 patients, 139 were identified as eligible for guideline-directed treatment, 129 (93%) of which were receiving optimal medical therapy. Of these, 47 (36%) were deemed to be optimised but were not on full guideline-directed therapy owing to contraindication, intolerance, comorbidities or non-compliance. Conclusion: The project data reflect real-world patients and practice and highlight a tension between guideline-based care and real-life (realistic) medicine.

scholarly journals Gas Emission Craters and Mound-Predecessors in the North of West Siberia, Similarities and Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Alexander Kizyakov ◽  
Marina Leibman ◽  
Mikhail Zimin ◽  
Anton Sonyushkin ◽  
Yury Dvornikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Range ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
The North ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Imagery ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Very High

Detailed analysis of five gas emission craters (GEC) found in the north of West Siberia is presented. Remote sensing data used in the study is verified by field surveys. Previous studies show that all of the GECs were preceded by mounds 2 to 6 m high and 20 to 55 m in diameter. GECs initially were 20–25 m in diameter, which increased in the first years of their existence. GECs are found in various environmental (shrublands or moss-grass tundra) and geomorphic (river valley, terrace, slopes) conditions. The objective of the paper is to identify common and differing geomorphologic and environmental characteristics of all the five GEC, and their mound-predecessors. The study is based on a compilation of DSMs before and after the GEC formation using very high-resolution satellite imagery stereo pairs compared to ArcticDEM project data. Diversity of terrain and environmental settings along with rather a narrow range of GEC and mound-predecessor morphometric parameters allows concluding that the mechanism of GEC formation is most likely similar for all the GEC and is controlled rather by internal geologic and cryolithologic structure than by any surface properties.

Characterization of microsatellite markers in eastern white pine

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Echt ◽  
P. May-Marquardt ◽  
M. Hseih ◽  
R. Zahorchak
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
The North ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Simple Sequence

An enrichment cloning method was evaluated for the isolation of microsatellite loci from eastern white pine and the resulting markers were examined for polymorphisms. A 200-fold enrichment was achieved for highly abundant (AC)n repeats, but for much less abundant (ACAG)n repeats an enrichment of only 20-fold was obtained. Using a single set of PCR conditions, 19 microsatellite loci were identified from 77 primer pairs evaluated. Genotyping of 16 (AC)n loci in 16 unrelated white pines from the north-central United States revealed an average of 5.4 alleles per locus and an average observed heterozygosity of 0.515. Five loci were scored among megagametophytes from a single pine to obtain a haploid genotype of the segregating female meiotic products. All loci segregated according to Mendelian expectations and linkage was established for two of the loci. It was concluded that (AC)n loci are highly variable in this species and that SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers can be efficiently developed for genome mapping and population genetics studies. Key words : Pinus strobus, forest genetics, simple sequence repeat, SSR, allelic diversity.

scholarly journals Intraseasonal Variability of Summer Storms over Central Arizona during 1997 and 1999

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Heinselman ◽  
David M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Intraseasonal Variability ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Reflectivity Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Arizona

Abstract Although previous climatologies over central Arizona show a summer diurnal precipitation cycle, on any given day precipitation may differ dramatically from this climatology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the intraseasonal variability of diurnal storm development over Arizona and explore the relationship to the synoptic-scale flow and Phoenix soundings during the 1997 and 1999 North American monsoons. Radar reflectivity mosaics constructed from Phoenix and Flagstaff Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler reflectivity data reveal six repeated storm development patterns or regimes. The diurnal evolution of each regime is illustrated by computing frequency maps of 25 dBZ and greater reflectivity during 3-h periods. These regimes are named to reflect their regional and temporal characteristics: dry regime, eastern mountain regime, central-eastern mountain regime, central-eastern mountain and Sonoran-isolated regime, central-eastern mountain and Sonoran regime, and nondiurnal regime. Composites constructed from the NCEP–NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project data show that regime occurrence is related to the north–south location of the 500-hPa geopotential height ridge axis of the Bermuda high and the east–west location of the 500-hPa monsoon boundary, a boundary between dry air to the west and moist air to the east. Consequently, precipitable water from the 1200 UTC Phoenix soundings is the best parameter for discriminating the six regimes.

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