III.—On the Original Form of Sedimentary Deposits

1903 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Essential Elements ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Theoretical Results

The form of the deposits that are taking place on the sea-bottom at the present day is one of the essential elements required to be known when we wish to interpret the submarine contours, as throwing light on the submergence or elevation of the land in late geological times, or when we propose to use the variation of thickness of the strata deposited during any epoch as an indication of the position of the shore-lines at that time.In the case of deposits in small or temporary masses of water, their form and arrangement may sometimes be observed directly; but in the case of the deposits in the sea, where we can neither remove the water nor make borings beneath it, we can only avail ourselves of theoretical considerations.It might have been expected that the original form of various sedimentary deposits would have been considered in detail long ago, but as a matter of fact the few writers who have touched upon the question have mostly been content with the assumption that deposits taken as a whole are thickest near the source of supply, and the figures given in illustration of the arrangement of various kinds, and thereby the shape of each, are remarkable for their variety.As the theoretical results at which I have arrived differ fundamentally from the ordinary assumptions, it is to be hoped that some one will be able to point out the fallacy, if any, which has led me astray, and to explain more satisfactorily the observed features which appear to confirm the theory.

scholarly journals Topicality of the Spiritual Heritage and Theology of Brother Roger of Taizé

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Jacek Froniewski
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Concrete Experience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Life Context ◽  
European Youth ◽  
The Church

This year in Wroclaw we experienced the European Youth Meeting organized by the Taizé Community. This great spiritual event is an opportunity to reflect more deeply on the importance of the heritage of Brother Roger of Taizé for the contemporary Church. As a starting point for this analysis, author took the biographical background, which will allow the reader to grasp the life context of Roger Schutz’s ecumenical research. Then, in the following points, he describes three essential elements of Brother Roger’s legacy, which are an ever-inspiring gift to the Church on the path of building unity. Firstly, it is a fully original form of Christian life in a monastic ecumenical community. Secondly, on the basis of this concrete experience of the Taizé Community, Brother Roger indicated a deeply existential way of building the unity of divided Christians. And thirdly, in his teaching he outlined a theology of forgiving love as the key to building reconciliation between the Churches. Undoubtedly the most spectacular fruit of his evangelical life are the crowds of young people from various Christian Churches that have invariably gathered around the Taizé Community for decades.

scholarly journals Preisach Elasto-Plastic Model for Mild Steel Hysteretic Behavior-Experimental and Theoretical Considerations

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3546
Author(s):  
Dragoslav Sumarac ◽  
Petar Knezevic ◽  
Cemal Dolicanin ◽  
Maosen Cao
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Preisach Model ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Theoretical Results

The Preisach model already successfully implemented for axial and bending cyclic loading is applied for modeling of the plateau problem for mild steel. It is shown that after the first cycle plateau disappears an extension of the existing Preisach model is needed. Heat dissipation and locked-in energy is calculated due to plastic deformation using the Preisach model. Theoretical results are verified by experiments performed on mild steel S275. The comparison of theoretical and experimental results is evident, showing the capability of the Presicah model in predicting behavior of structures under cyclic loading in the elastoplastic region. The purpose of this paper is to establish a theoretical background for embedded sensors like regenerated fiber Bragg gratings (RFBG) for measurement of strains and temperature in real structures. In addition, the present paper brings a theoretical base for application of nested split-ring resonator (NSRR) probes in measurements of plastic strain in real structures.

The Physical Basis of Astro-Navigation in Birds: Theoretical Considerations

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. PENNYCUICK
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Physical Basis ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
The Way

1. Matthews's hypothesis of sun navigation in its original form is rejected on the grounds of physical impossibility of making one of the measurements, and an invalid assumption in the reasoning. 2. It is suggested that the bird should measure the sun's altitude and rate of change of altitude. The position lines corresponding to these quantities are discussed, and the way in which birds might make and use such observations is considered. 3. The sensory performance required is shown to be reasonable. 4. The magnitude and direction of the errors of position resulting from various sorts of errors of observation are discussed in relation to the experimental evidence. 5. Suggestions are put forward for future experiments.

VISCOSITY EFFECTS IN A CHANNEL OF SMALL EXPONENTIAL DIVERGENCE

1935 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Photographic Method ◽  
General Flow ◽  
Viscosity Effects ◽  
Diverging Channel ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Good Agreement

An experimental investigation of a flow form, deduced by Blasius from theoretical considerations, was carried out with air as the medium. A photographic method of measuring velocity distributions was adopted, and a diverging channel was designed from considerations based on the theoretical treatment and on requirements arising out of the experimental method. At a Reynolds number of 35, curves of velocity distribution were measured at various positions along the channel, and comparisons were then made with the corresponding theoretical curves. Good agreement was found over the region of the channel to which the theoretical results could be applied. A study of the experimental curves in that part of the channel to which the theoretical results could not be applied quantitatively showed further that the general flow characteristics described by Blasius are to be found in this region.

III.—Notes on “The Great Ice Age” in Relation to the Question of Submergence

1895 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 348-351
Author(s):  
Dugald Bell
Keyword(s):  
Ice Age ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Boulder Clay

“Even if marine life had been prolific, and the old sea-bottom more or less well covered with sedimentary deposits, it does not follow,” says Dr. Geikie, “that the Boulder-clay of the succeeding mer de glace should now contain any shells” (p. 141).

scholarly journals VIII. Tidal friction in shallow seas

1921 ◽  
Vol 221 (582-593) ◽  
pp. 239-264 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Empirical Prediction ◽  
Secular Acceleration ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Shallow Seas ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

The astronomical importance of the dissipation of energy that goes on in shallow seas has been shown by G. I. Taylor’s recent estimate of the amount in the Irish Sea, which is enough to account for about one-fiftieth of the secular acceleration of the moon. It also produces a considerable effect on the tides themselves, and there are probably many places where it must be taken into account before any satisfactory theory of the local tides, or even their empirical prediction, can be achieved. It is indeed very well known that there are bays and straits where the height of the tides, or the speed of the currents, or both, are greater than in the Irish Sea, and a careful examination of such places, with a view to finding the dissipation in them, is needed. There are other places where the dissipation for an equal area is less than in the Irish Sea, but which may actually contribute much more altogether on account of their greater size. The object of this paper is to discuss what regions are capable of producing notable parts of the secular acceleration; to estimate as accurately as possible from the data available the dissipation in these; and to compare this with that calculated from the secular acceleration, so as to find out whether it is necessary to assume the existence of any other important cause to account for the latter. The horizontal force of the skin friction of water over the sea bottom is 0·002 ρ V 2 dynes per square centimetre, where ρ is measured in grammes per cubic centimetre and V in centimetres per second. The difficulty of the problem is in the estimation of V. The available observations of the velocities of tidal currents are given in the Admiralty Sailing Directions; hut they are never uniformly distributed, and are usually confined to the neighbourhood of the coasts, and they must be supplemented by theory before the velocities remote from the coast can be found. A few theoretical considerations that have been found useful in this process will now be mentioned.

scholarly journals VI.—On the Original form of Sedimentary Deposits

1903 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Rev. J. F. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Fine Sediment ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Coarse Sediment ◽  
London Clay

We may now examine how far these theoretical conclusions explain and are confirmed by what is seen in nature. First we know that in most formations there are great masses of what is now, or must have been once, fine-grained sediment. These often make up the bulk of the formation. We may quote the Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian slates, the Keuper, Lias, Oxford and Kimmeridge Clays, the G-ault and London Clay; but we can give no such list of thick masses of marine sandstone. Fine sediment, therefore, has, as a matter of fact, made thicker masses of rock than coarse sediment; but this could not be the case if deposits thinned out seawards, where the fine sediment is carried. Again, it is impossible to imagine a thickness of a thousand feet and more constantly occupying a position near the shore; there is no room for it. If you depress the land, you remove the shore.

Karakteristik Morfologi Dasar Laut dan Hubungannya dengan Ketebalan Sedimen dan Kecepatan Arus di Selat Flores, Selat Lamakera, Selat Boling, dan Selat Alor

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasanudin
Keyword(s):  
Current Speed ◽  
High Current ◽  
Sediment Thickness ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Subbottom Profiler

<strong>Characteristics of Sea Bottom Morphology and Their Relationships with Sediment Thickness and Current Speed in the Straits of Flores, Lamakera, Boling, and Alor. </strong> The morphology of the seabed of a strait may affect sedimentary deposits and current speeds in the strait. The Straits of Flores, Lamakera, Boling, and Alor connect the Flores Sea and Savu Sea in East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of seabed morphology and its relation to sediment thickness and current speed in the straits. Single Beam Echosounder and SubBottom Profiler were used to measure depth of waters and subsurface. The results showed that the seabed of the Flores Strait was basin-shaped at a depth of about 250 m, while the seabed at the connections between the Straits of Boling, Lamakera, and Alor was a ridge leading to the Flores Sea and Savu Sea with depths up to 3,000 m. The thickness of the sedimentary sediments in the Flores Strait reached 50 m, while in the Straits of Boling, Lamakera, and Alor sedimentary deposits were not visible. In the Flores Strait which was characterized by narrow strait, the current speed ranged from 0.3 to 3.8 m/s. The descriptions of subsurface conditions in these straits can be used for navigation of ships that will cross the straits, especially vessels of more than 2,000 tons. The narrow strait morphology causes the mass of water in this region to have a high current speed. Therefore, the sedimentation occurs only in the Flores Strait due to its basin-shaped seabed.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE WORKING PROCESS OF VARIABLE WIDTH PLOUGHS

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Cristian Nuƫescu ◽  
Iuliana Gageanu ◽  
Dan Cujbescu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Regression Functions ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Experimental Plan ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Theoretical Results

The paper presents theoretical research conducted for the optimization of the working process of variable width ploughs. Thus, were determined multivariable regression functions for the traction force of the plough with variable working function of the control parameters: working depth, working width and working speed. The use of these theoretical considerations of the optimal points sought lead to the opportunity of making assessments on the possibilities to conduct their experimental validation. Conditions for an experimental plan were formulated to highlight such optimal points and the theoretical results were validated through experiments.

Effective Clinical Interviewing

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline T. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Clinical Interviewing ◽  
Client Management

Speech, language, and hearing professionals rely on many individuals to provide information about a client. Management programs, in part, are devised, modified, and evaluated according to responses obtained from the client, family members, educators, and other professional and lay persons who have contact with the client. The speech-language pathologist has the responsibility of obtaining pertinent, complete, unbiased information about clients. This article provides an overview of the essential elements of an interview.

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