VII.—On the Horizon of the Lower Carboniferous Beds containing Archæosigillaria Vanuxemi (Göppert) at Meathop Fell

1910 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Garwood
Keyword(s):  
General Structure ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Lower Carboniferous ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Geological Magazine

In a note on Archæosigillaria Vanuxemi and Bothrodendron sp., published in the Geological Magazine for February last, Mr. J. W. Jackson speculated on the age of the beds at Meathop, in which these plant remains occur, and refers to the general classification of the Lower Carboniferous rocks of the Westmorland district, which I gave in this magazine in 1907. He remarks: “It is perhaps premature to attempt to fix definitely the exact horizon of these beds, as they appear to have been as yet but superficially studied.” Since the classification above referred to was published, I have devoted such time as could be spared from professional duties to an exhaustive examination of the whole northern area, the result of which has been to confirm the general conclusions already given in this magazine. In my forthcoming account of the district, I have given a detailed description of the Meathop section. The delay in publishing a full account of the northern area has been necessitated by the general structure of the district, which required a careful study of isolated outcrops, extending over a very large area, before an accurate co-ordination of the separate exposures could be established. If any justification for this delay were needed, it is supplied by Mr. Jackson's note, in which he confesses his inability to decide upon the age of the beds displayed in the isolated exposure at Meathop on the evidence afforded by the collections obtained during his visits to that locality.

FUNDAMENTAL NATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF LABOR MIGRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Tulkin Chulliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Fundamental Nature

The article explains the fundamental nature of migration by combining the definitions given by other scholars. The issue of labor migration is analyzed. One of the most important problems in contemporary migration processes - the problem of classification- is researched and a general classification is provided

scholarly journals CNN-Based Acoustic Scene Classification System

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Yerin Lee ◽  
Soyoung Lim ◽  
Il-Youp Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Low Complexity ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Scene Classification ◽  
Audio File ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Team Task ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Activation Mapping

Acoustic scene classification (ASC) categorizes an audio file based on the environment in which it has been recorded. This has long been studied in the detection and classification of acoustic scenes and events (DCASE). This presents the solution to Task 1 of the DCASE 2020 challenge submitted by the Chung-Ang University team. Task 1 addressed two challenges that ASC faces in real-world applications. One is that the audio recorded using different recording devices should be classified in general, and the other is that the model used should have low-complexity. We proposed two models to overcome the aforementioned problems. First, a more general classification model was proposed by combining the harmonic-percussive source separation (HPSS) and deltas-deltadeltas features with four different models. Second, using the same feature, depthwise separable convolution was applied to the Convolutional layer to develop a low-complexity model. Moreover, using gradient-weight class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), we investigated what part of the feature our model sees and identifies. Our proposed system ranked 9th and 7th in the competition for these two subtasks, respectively.

scholarly journals I.—Notes on the Phylogeny of the Graptolites

1895 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 529-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Nicholson ◽  
J. E. Marr
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
Geological Magazine

Since the remarkable paper by Professor Lapworth “On an Improved Classification of the Rhabdophora” was published in the Geological Magazine for 1873, a great deal of fresh information has been gathered as to these interesting fossils; but the classification given in that paper, though to some extent confessedly artificial, is still generally adhered to. Observations made by the authors in recent years lead them to suppose that that classification will in the future undergo considerable modification; but in the present state of our knowledge it serves a purpose so useful, that it is not our intention to propose any immediate change in it. Our object, on the other hand, is to bring forward certain conclusions which we have independently reached, and which will, we believe, enhance the value of Graptolites to the stratigraphical geologist, and lead to results important to the biologist. Our conclusions are based upon an examination of a large number of forms generally referred to the family Dichograptidæ; but, as we propose very briefly to indicate, they affect the relationships of Graptolites belonging to other families also.

II.—On Lindstromaster and the Classification of the Palæasterids

1899 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
General Classification

The classification of the Palæozoic starfishes has long been in chaos. The earlier palæontologists, who founded most of the known genera, made no attempt at a general classification or to indicate the relations between the Palæozoic and existing representatives of the Asteroidea. The first step towards progress was Bronn's division of the extinct genera into three groups—the Ophiurasteriæ (which may be left out of account as Ophiuroidea), the Encrinasteriæ, and the Asterias veræ.

VI.—Glaciation of Eastern Canada

1889 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Robert Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Continental Glaciation ◽  
Geological Magazine

A Paper on the Glaciation of Eastern Canada by the writer will shortly appear in the Canadian Record of Science, Montreal. It is intended to be a condensed statement of the principal facts hitherto collected on this interesting subject, with references to the reports and publications in which details are given. The following is an abstract which I send to the Geological Magazine in advance. The subject is regarded as an important one, and has occupied the attention of geologists for many years, as Eastern Canada is the battle ground, so to speak, of the advocates of the rival theories of continental glaciation and floating ice. The results thus far obtained from a somewhat careful study of its glacial phenomena, however, point to conclusions which are at variance with those held by extreme glacialists, and show that the theory of local glaciers upon the more elevated portions of the country and icebergs or floating ice striating the lower coastal areas during the Post-Tertiary submergence of these, as maintained by Sir William Dawson, will serve to explain all the observed phenomena.

scholarly journals Adoption of management decisions based on programming methods as a subgroup of methods for optimizing performance indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
А. Тебекин ◽  
A. Tebekin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
First Time

The author's classification of management decision-making methods, including twenty-five classes of methods, is presented for the first time. As part of the general classification of management decision-making methods, the role and place of a group of methods for making managerial decisions based on the optimization of performance indicators was demonstrated. In the group of methods for making managerial decisions based on the optimization of performance indicators, a subgroup of programming methods (linear, nonlinear and dynamic) is considered in detail. The features of use and application are shown when making managerial decisions of a subgroup of programming methods.

scholarly journals Key Navigation-Ballistic Technologies for Improving the Efficiency of Spacecraft Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
А. E. Tyulin ◽  
◽  
V. V. Betanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Principles ◽  
Spacecraft Control ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Technological Cycle ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Algorithms

The article focuses on the issues of creating promising space technologies, their general characteristics, and special features. The basic principles for creating and implementing key navigation-ballistic technologies, which help ensure efficient control of spacecraft, are substantiated. A classification of the technologies is proposed based on the characteristics most often used in the area under consideration. Two bar charts of a typical technological cycle of navigation-ballistic support with the possibility of processing a joint sample of measurements of current navigation parameters and recurrent Kalman processing algorithms are analyzed. A variant of a general classification of technologies that allows singling out and correlating different types and classes of technologies is given. This contributes (especially at the early stages) to the improvement of the efficiency of their development.

scholarly journals The Concept of Malware as a Means of Committing Computer Crimes: Classification and Methods of Illegal Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-709
Author(s):  
Elena Rossinskaya ◽  
Igor Ryadovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Unauthorized Access ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Autonomous Functioning ◽  
Theory Of Information ◽  
Computer Crimes

The authors analyze problems connected with malware from the standpoint of the doctrine of the methods of computer crimes/offenses as one of the components of the theory of information-computer support of criminalistic work. Most methods of computer crimes are based on the unauthorized access to computer facilities and systems gained through malware that, in fact, acts as a weapon of crime. The authors present a classification of malware based on different parameters: from the standpoint of criminal law and criminology; the standpoint of information technology; the standpoint of the doctrine of computer crimes/offenses. Various grounds for the classification of malware are examined. A general classification, widely used by the developers of antiviral software, includes virus-programs, worm-programs and trojan-programs. In the modern situation of massive digitization, it is not practical to regard masquerading as a legitimate file as a dominant feature of trojan software. On the contrary, criminals try hard to hide from the user the downloading, installation and activity of malware that cannot self-propagate. The key method of propagating trojan programs is sending mass emails with attachments masquerading as useful content. The classification of malware by the way and method of propagation - viruses, worms and trojan programs - is only currently used due to traditions and does not reflect the essence of the process. A different classification of malware into autonomous, semi-autonomous and non-autonomous programs is based on the possibility of their autonomous functioning. At present there is practically no malware whose functions include only one specific type of actions, most of it contains a combination of various types of actions implemented through module architecture, which offers criminals wide opportunities for manipulating information. The key mechanisms of malwares work are described and illustrated through examples. Special attention is paid to harmful encryption software working through stable cryptographic algorithms - ransomware, when criminals demand ransom for restoring data. There is no criminal liability for such theft. The authors outline the problems connected with the possibility of the appearance of new malware that would affect cloud resources.

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