Fast extension but little exhumation: the Vari detachment in the Cyclades, Greece

2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
UWE RING ◽  
STUART N. THOMSON ◽  
MICHAEL BRÖCKER
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Zircon Fission Track

Markedly different cooling histories for the hanging- and footwall of the Vari detachment on Syros and Tinos islands, Greece, are revealed by zircon and apatite fission-track data. The Vari/Akrotiri unit in the hangingwall cooled slowly at rates of 5–15 °C Myr−1 since Late Cretaceous times. Samples from the Cycladic blueschist unit in the footwall of the detachment on Tinos Island have a mean zircon fission-track age of 10.0±1.0 Ma, which together with a published mean apatite fission-track age of 9.4±0.5 Ma indicates rapid cooling at rates of at least ∼60 °C Myr−1. We derive a minimum slip rate of ∼6.5 km Myr−1 and a displacement of <∼20 km and propose that the development of the detachment in the thermally softened magmatic arc aided fast displacement. Intra-arc extension accomplished the final ∼6–9 km of exhumation of the Cycladic blueschists from ∼60 km depth. The fast-slipping intra-arc detachments did not cause much exhumation, but were important for regional-scale extension and the formation of the Aegean Sea.

scholarly journals Polyphase evolution of Pelagonia (northern Greece) revealed by geological and fission-track data

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Schenker ◽  
M. G. Fellin ◽  
J.-P. Burg
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Recent Sediment ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Fission Track Ages ◽  
Pelagonian Zone

Abstract. The Pelagonian zone, situated between the External Hellenides/Cyclades to the west and the Axios/Vardar/Almopias zone (AVAZ) and the Rhodope to the east, was involved in late Early Cretaceous and in Late Cretaceous–Eocene orogenic events whose duration and extent are still controversial. This paper constrains their late thermal imprints. New and previously published zircon (ZFT) and apatite (AFT) fission-track ages show cooling below 240 °C of the metamorphic western AVAZ imbricates between 102 and 93–90 Ma, of northern Pelagonia between 86 and 68 Ma, of the eastern AVAZ at 80 Ma and of the western Rhodope at 72 Ma. At the regional scale, this heterogeneous cooling is coeval with subsidence of Late Cretaceous marine basin(s) that unconformably covered the Early Cretaceous (130–110 Ma) thrust system from 100 Ma. Thrusting resumed at 70 Ma in the AVAZ and migrated across Pelagonia to reach the External Hellenides at 40–38 Ma. Renewed thrusting in Pelagonia is attested at 68 Ma by abrupt and rapid cooling below 240 °C and erosion of the gneissic rocks. ZFT and AFT in western and eastern Pelagonia, respectively, testify at ~40 Ma to the latest thermal imprint related to thrusting. Central-eastern Pelagonia cooled rapidly and uniformly from 240 to 80 °C between 24 and 16 Ma in the footwall of a major extensional fault. Extension started even earlier, at ~33 Ma in the western AVAZ. Post-7 Ma rapid cooling is inferred from inverse modeling of AFT lengths. It occurred while E–W normal faults were cutting Pliocene-to-recent sediment.

The Tectonic and Uplift History of the Kuruketage Area in the North-East Edge of the Tarim Basin, China: Constraints from Detrital Zircon and Apatite Fission Track Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 1067-1070
Author(s):  
Hui Xiao ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Feng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
North East ◽  
Zircon Fission Track ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uplift History

This study uses the application of zircon fission track (ZFT) and apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronometry technique to investigate the tectonic and uplift history of the Kuruketage area, north-east edge of the Tarim Basin. Based on measured ZFT, AFT and equivalent vitrinite reflectance measurements of samples in sedimentary rocks in Kuruketage area, the temperature time evolution history from early Paleozoic strata was modeled. The results show that the youngest peaks of ZFT at 371-392Ma and 328 - 305.7Ma record Hercynian tectonic and uplift event; the AFT peaks at 134.5 - 164Ma, 73 - 100Ma and 35.4Ma mainly represent the Late-Cretaceous tectonic and uplift event in Kuruketage area. The AFT thermal modeling results from the early Paleozoic strata indicate that the maximum paleo-temperature (at 140 215°C) experienced in late Silurian to early Devonian, and the strata temperature decreased to about 120°C before the Late-Cretaceous.

scholarly journals Polyphase evolution of Pelagonia (northern Greece) revealed by geological and fission-track data

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3075-3109 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Schenker ◽  
M. G. Fellin ◽  
J.-P. Burg
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Recent Sediment ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Fission Track Ages

Abstract. The Pelagonian zone, between the External Hellenides/Cyclades to the west and the Axios/Vardar/Almopia zone (AVAZ) and Rhodope to the east, was involved in late Early Cretaceous and in Late Cretaceous-Eocene orogenic events whose duration are still controversial. This work constrains their late thermal imprints. New and previously published zircon (ZFT) and apatite (AFT) fission-track ages show cooling below 240°C of the metamorphic western AVAZ imbricates between 102 and 93–90 Ma, of northern Pelagonia between 86 and 68 Ma, of the eastern AVAZ at 80 Ma and of western Rhodope at 72 Ma. At the regional scale, this heterogeneous cooling is coeval with subsidence of Late Cretaceous marine basin(s) that unconformably covered since 100 Ma the Early Cretaceous (130–110 Ma) thrust system. Thrusting restarted at 70 Ma in the AVAZ and migrated across Pelagonia to reach the External Hellenides at 40–38 Ma. Renewed thrusting in Pelagonia is attested at 68 Ma by abrupt and rapid cooling below 240°C and erosion of the basement rocks. ZFT and AFT in western and eastern Pelagonia, respectively, set at 40 Ma the latest thermal imprint related to thrusting. Central-eastern Pelagonia cooled rapidly and uniformly from 240 to 80°C between 24 and 16 Ma in the footwall of a major extensional fault. Extension started even earlier, at 33 Ma in the western AVAZ. Post-7 Ma rapid cooling is inferred from inverse modeling of AFT lengths. It occurred while E–W normal faults were cutting Pliocene-to-recent sediment.

Late Cretaceous to Paleogene exhumation in Central Europe – localized inversion vs. large-scale domal uplift

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilmar von Eynatten ◽  
Jonas Kley ◽  
István Dunkl
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Crustal Thickening ◽  
Dynamic Topography ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
Harz Mountains ◽  
Central Germany ◽  
Long Wavelength

&lt;p&gt;Large parts of Central Europe have experienced exhumation in Late Cretaceous to Paleogene time. Previous studies mainly focused on thrusted basement uplifts to unravel magnitude, processes and timing of exhumation. In this study we present a comprehensive thermochronological dataset from mostly Permo-Triassic strata exposed adjacent to and between the major basement uplifts in central Germany, comprising an area of at least some 250-300 km across. Results of apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He analyses from &gt;100 new samples reveal that (i) km-scale exhumation affected the entire region, suggesting long-wavelength domal uplift, (ii) thrusting of basement blocks like the Harz Mountains and the Thuringian Forest focused in the Late Cretaceous (about 90-70 Ma) while superimposed domal uplift of central Germany appears slightly younger (about 75-55 Ma), and (iii) large parts of the domal uplift experienced removal of 3 to 4 km of Mesozoic strata. Using spatial extent, magnitude and timing as constraints we find that thrusting and crustal thickening alone can account for no more than half of the domal uplift. Most likely, dynamic topography caused by upwelling asthenosphere has contributed significantly to the observed pattern of exhumation in central Germany.&lt;/p&gt;

Apatite fission-track evidence of widespread Eocene heating and exhumation in the Yukon-Tanana Upland, interior Alaska

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1191-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Dusel-Bacon ◽  
John M Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Fission Track ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Spreading Ridge ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
Oceanic Spreading ◽  
Lower Maximum ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Test Hole

We present an apatite fission-track (AFT) study of five plutonic rocks and seven metamorphic rocks across 310 km of the Yukon–Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska. Samples yielding ~40 Ma AFT ages and mean confined track lengths > 14 µm with low standard deviations cooled rapidly from >120°C to <50°C during a 3–5 Ma period, beginning at about 40 Ma. Data from samples yielding AFT ages >40 Ma suggest partial annealing and, therefore, lower maximum temperatures (~90–105°C). A few samples with single-grain ages of ~20 Ma apparently remained above ~50°C after initial cooling. Although the present geothermal gradient in the western Yukon–Tanana Upland is ~32°C/km, it could have been as high as 45°C/km during a widespread Eocene intraplate magmatic episode. Prior to rapid exhumation, samples with ~40 Ma AFT ages were >3.8–2.7 km deep and samples with >50 Ma AFT ages were >3.3–2.0 km deep. We calculate a 440–320 m/Ma minimum rate for exhumation of all samples during rapid cooling. Our AFT data, and data from rocks north of Fairbanks and from the Eielson deep test hole, indicate up to 3 km of post-40 Ma vertical displacement along known and inferred northeast-trending high-angle faults. The predominance of 40–50 Ma AFT ages throughout the Yukon–Tanana Upland indicates that, prior to the post-40 Ma relative uplift along some northeast-trending faults, rapid regional cooling and exhumation closely followed the Eocene extensional magmatism. We propose that Eocene magmatism and exhumation were somehow related to plate movements that produced regional-scale oroclinal rotation, northward translation of outboard terranes, major dextral strike-slip faulting, and subduction of an oceanic spreading ridge along the southern margin of Alaska.

scholarly journals Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic Exhumation of the Western Brooks Range, Alaska, Revealed From Apatite and Zircon Fission Track Data

Tectonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 4714-4751 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Craddock ◽  
Thomas E. Moore ◽  
Paul B. O'Sullivan ◽  
Christopher J. Potter ◽  
David W. Houseknecht
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Brooks Range ◽  
Zircon Fission Track

scholarly journals The thermal history of the Miocene Ibar Basin (Southern Serbia): new constraints from apatite and zircon fission track and vitrinite reflectance data

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Andrić ◽  
Bernhard Fügenschuh ◽  
Dragana Životić ◽  
Vladica Cvetković
Keyword(s):  
Thermal History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
Basin Inversion ◽  
Zircon Fission Track ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Abstract The Ibar Basin was formed during Miocene large scale extension in the NE Dinaride segment of the Alpine- Carpathian-Dinaride system. The Miocene extension led to exhumation of deep seated core-complexes (e.g. Studenica and Kopaonik core-complex) as well as to the formation of extensional basins in the hanging wall (Ibar Basin). Sediments of the Ibar Basin were studied by apatite and zircon fission track and vitrinite reflectance in order to define thermal events during basin evolution. Vitrinite reflectance (VR) data (0.63-0.90 %Rr) indicate a bituminous stage for the organic matter that experienced maximal temperatures of around 120-130 °C. Zircon fission track (ZFT) ages indicate provenance ages. The apatite fission track (AFT) single grain ages (45-6.7 Ma) and bimodal track lengths distribution indicate partial annealing of the detrital apatites. Both vitrinite reflectance and apatite fission track data of the studied sediments imply post-depositional thermal overprint in the Ibar Basin. Thermal history models of the detritial apatites reveal a heating episode prior to cooling that began at around 10 Ma. The heating episode started around 17 Ma and lasted 10-8 Ma reaching the maximum temperatures between 100-130 °C. We correlate this event with the domal uplift of the Studenica and Kopaonik cores where heat was transferred from the rising warm footwall to the adjacent colder hanging wall. The cooling episode is related to basin inversion and erosion. The apatite fission track data indicate local thermal perturbations, detected in the SE part of the Ibar basin (Piskanja deposit) with the time frame ~7.1 Ma, which may correspond to the youngest volcanic phase in the region.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document