scholarly journals Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy and sea-level history of the Hirnantian Stage (uppermost Ordovician) in the Oslo–Asker district, Norway

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Mikael Calner ◽  
Johan Fredrik Bockelie ◽  
Christian M.Ø. Rasmussen ◽  
Hanna Calner ◽  
Oliver Lehnert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Temporal Development ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
Mixed Carbonate

Abstract We present a δ13Ccarb chemostratigraphy for the Late Ordovician Hirnantian Stage based on 208 whole-rock samples from six outcrops in the Oslo–Asker district, southern Norway. Our data include the Norwegian type section for the Hirnantian Stage and Ordovician–Silurian boundary at Hovedøya Island. The most complete record of the Hirnantian Isotope Carbon Excursion (HICE) is identified in a coastal exposure at Konglungø locality where the preserved part of the anomaly spans a c. 24 m thick, mixed carbonate–siliciclastic succession belonging to the upper Husbergøya, Langåra and Langøyene formations and where δ13Ccarb peak values reach c. +6 ‰. Almost the entire HICE occurs above beds containing the Hirnantia Fauna, suggesting a latest Hirnantian age for the peak of the excursion. The temporal development of the HICE in southern Norway is associated with substantial shallowing of depositional environments. Sedimentary facies and erosional unconformities suggest four inferably fourth-order glacio-eustatically controlled sea-level lowstands with successively increased exposure and erosion to the succession. The youngest erosional unconformity is related to the development of incised valleys and resulted in cut-out of at least the falling limb of the HICE throughout most of the Oslo–Asker district. The fill of the valleys contains the falling limb of the HICE, and the postglacial transgression therefore can be assigned to the latest part of the Hirnantian Age. We address the recent findings of the chitinozoan Belonechitina gamachiana in the study area and its relationship to the first occurrence of Hirnantia Fauna in the studied sections, challenging identification of the base of the Hirnantian Stage.

Mid-Cretaceous onlap history of the Market Weighton structural high, northeast England

1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. UNDERWOOD ◽  
S. F. MITCHELL
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
Level Curves ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tectonic Settings ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
Structural High

The mid-Cretaceous sediments of northeast England were deposited at the western margin of the southern North Sea Basin, with sedimentation occurring in a range of tectonic settings. Detailed analysis of the areal distribution and sedimentary facies of Aptian to earliest Cenomanian sediments has allowed the pattern of onlap onto the Market Weighton structural high and changes in relative sea level to be documented. Successive onlap episodes during the Early Aptian, Late Aptian and Early Albian culminated in the final flooding of the structure during the Late Albian (varicosum Subzone). Sea-level curves generated from coastal onlap patterns are difficult to relate to published ‘global’ sea-level curves due to the high frequency of the fluctuations in relative sea level observed. Despite this, detailed correlation and analysis of sedimentological events suggest that even the most expanded, basinal succession is relatively incomplete. This study has also shown that the change from dominantly syn-tectonic to dominantly post-tectonic sedimentation style occurred in the late Early Albian.

Upper Maastrichtian depositional environments and sea-level history of the Kopet-Dagh Intracontinental Basin, Kalat Formation, NE Iran

Facies ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asadollah Mahboubi ◽  
Reza Moussavi-Harami ◽  
Parviz Mansouri-Daneshvar ◽  
Mehdi Nadjafi ◽  
Robert L. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Kopet Dagh ◽  
Upper Maastrichtian ◽  
Ne Iran ◽  
And Sea Level

scholarly journals Depositional environment of the Branch Sandstone and correlative sequences: Late Cretaceous changes in relative sea level in the East Coast Basin of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
History Of

<p>The Branch Sandstone is located within an overall transgressive, marine sedimentary succession in Marlborough, on the East Coast of New Zealand’s South Island. It has previously been interpreted as an anomalous sedimentary unit that was inferred to indicate abrupt and dramatic shallowing. The development of a presumed short-lived regressive deposit was thought to reflect a change in relative sea level, which had significant implications for the geological history of the Marlborough region, and regionally for the East Coast Basin.  The distribution and lithology of Branch Sandstone is described in detail from outcrop studies at Branch Stream, and through the compilation of existing regional data. Two approximately correlative sections from the East Coast of the North Island (Tangaruhe Stream and Angora Stream) are also examined to provide regional context. Depositional environments were interpreted using sedimentology and palynology, and age control was developed from dinoflagellate biostratigraphy. Data derived from these methods were combined with the work of previous authors to establish depositional models for each section which were then interpreted in the context of relative sea level fluctuations.  At Branch Stream, Branch Sandstone is interpreted as a shelfal marine sandstone, that disconformably overlies Herring Formation. The Branch Sandstone is interpreted as a more distal deposit than uppermost Herring Formation, whilst the disconformity is suggested to have developed during a fall in relative sea level. At Branch Stream, higher frequency tectonic or eustatic sea-level changes can therefore be distinguished within a passive margin sedimentary sequence, where sedimentation broadly reflects subsidence following rifting of the Tasman Sea. Development of a long-lived disconformity at Tangaruhe Stream and deposition of sediment gravity flow deposits at Angora Stream occurred at similar times to the fall in relative sea level documented at the top of the Herring Formation at Branch Stream. These features may reflect a basin-wide relative sea-level event, that coincides with global records of eustatic sea level fall.</p>

Depositional environment and climate changes during the Holocene in Grande Valley, Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuding Chu ◽  
Liguang Sun ◽  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Xin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Fildes Peninsula ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climate Change Pattern ◽  
Sea Level Variations ◽  
A Minor

AbstractA 9.24 m sediment core, GA-2, was collected on the coastal platform of Grande Valley, a relatively narrow and shallow fjord in Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. The sediment was formed between 6600 and 2000 cal. yr bp according to accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating of five bulk sediment samples. The comprehensive proxy indicators (grain size, loss on ignition at 550°C, magnetic susceptibility, elements) were analysed, and three separate depositional environments and an alternating climate change pattern were identified. Grande Valley experienced a warm marine environment between 6600 and 5800 cal. yr bp, a minor cooling between 5800 and 4800 cal. yr bp, the transition from cool to warm during 4800–4400 cal. yr bp, a mid-Holocene climatic optimum between 4400 and 2700 cal. yr bp, and the onset of the Neoglacial at 2700 cal. yr bp. This study reconstructed the environmental history of Grande Valley during the mid–late Holocene, provides the missing marine record of historical climate for the western coast of Fildes Peninsula and lays the foundation for further study of the climate and environment changes therein. Our finding that the sea level was c. 12 m a.m.s.l. at 2000 cal. yr bp allows for detailed reconstruction of Holocene sea level variations.

scholarly journals Sedimentary facies, depositional environments and conceptual outcrop analogue (Dam Formation, early Miocene) Eastern Arabian Platform, Saudi Arabia: a new high-resolution approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2497-2518
Author(s):  
Syed Haroon Ali ◽  
Osman M. Abdullatif ◽  
Lamidi O. Babalola ◽  
Fawwaz M. Alkhaldi ◽  
Yasir Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Arabian Plate ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Mixed Carbonate ◽  
Arabian Platform

AbstractThis paper presents the facies and depositional environment of the early Miocene Dam Formation, Eastern Arabian platform, Saudi Arabia. Deposition of Dam Formation (Fm.) was considered as a restricted shallow marine deposition. Few studies suggest the role of sea-level change in its deposition but were without decisive substantiation. Here, we describe the facies and high-resolution model of Dam Fm. under varying depositional conditions. The depositional conditions were subjected to changing relative sea level and tectonics. High-resolution outcrop photographs, sedimentological logs, and thin sections present that the mixed carbonate–siliciclastic sequence was affected by a regional tectonics. The lower part of Dam Fm. presents the development of carbonate ramp conditions that are represented by limestones and marl. The depositional conditions fluctuated with the fall of sea level, and uplift in the region pushed the siliciclastic down-dip and covered the whole platform. The subsequent rise in sea level was not as pronounced and thus allowed the deposition of microbial laminites and stromatolitic facies. The southeast outcrops, down-dip, are more carbonate prone as compared to the northwest outcrop, which allowed the deposition of siliciclastic-prone sedimentation up-dip. All facies, architecture, heterogeneity, and deposition were controlled by tectonic events including uplift, subsidence, tilting, and syn-sedimentary faulting, consequently affecting relative sea level. The resulting conceptual outcrop model would help to improve our understanding of mixed carbonate–siliciclastic systems and serve as an analogue for other stratigraphic units in the Arabian plate and region. Our results show that Dam Fm. can be a good target for exploration in the Northern Arabian Gulf.

Holocene evolution of a drowned melt-water valley in the Danish Wadden Sea

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørn B.T. Pedersen ◽  
Steffen Svinth ◽  
Jesper Bartholdy
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Present Level ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Geomorphologic Evolution

AbstractCores from the salt marshes along the drowned melt-water valley of river Varde Å in the Danish Wadden Sea have been dated and analysed (litho- and biostratigraphically) to reconstruct the Holocene geomorphologic evolution and relative sea level history of the area. The analysed cores cover the total post-glacial transgression, and the reconstructed sea level curve represents the first unbroken curve of this kind from the Danish Wadden Sea, including all phases from the time where sea level first reached the Pleistocene substrate of the area. The sea level has been rising from − 12 m below the present level at c. 8400 cal yr BP, interrupted by two minor drops of < 0.5 m at c. 5500 cal yr BP and 1200 cal yr BP, and one major drop of ∼ 1.5 m at c. 3300 cal yr BP. Sediment deposition has been able to keep pace with sea level rise, and the Holocene sequence consists in most places of clay atop a basal peat unit overlying sand of Weichselian age and glacio-fluvial origin. In its deepest part, the basal peat started to form around 8400 cal yr BP, and reached a thickness of up to 3.5 m. This thickness is about half of the original, when corrected for auto-compaction. The superimposed clay contains small (63–355 μm) red iron stains in the top and bottom units, and foraminifers of the calcareous type in the middle. The fact that iron stains and foraminifers in no cases coexist, but always exclude each other is interpreted as a result of the difference between salt-marsh facies (iron stains) and tidal-flat facies (foraminifers). This represents a novel and easy way to distinguish between these two otherwise often undistinguishable sedimentary facies in the geological record.

scholarly journals Geomorphological Processes and Environmental Interpretation at Espalmador islet (Western Mediterranean)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Laura del Valle Villalonga ◽  
Alida Timar-Gabor ◽  
Joan J. Fornós
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Environmental Interpretation ◽  
Aeolian Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Geomorphological Processes

This study presents a sedimentological and stratigraphical description of the Pleistocene deposits cropping out in Espalmador islet (Illes Pitiüses). Four major sedimentary facies including the succession of aeolian, marine, colluvial and edaphic environments are described. The sedimentological and stratigraphical analysis of these deposits allows the reconstruction of the coastal Pleistocene environmental and geomorphological history of the Espalmador islet. The coastal relief and the fluctuations of the sea level mainly control the Pleistocene coastal landscape evolution on Espalmador. Episodes of aeolian activity and dune formation related to a predominant northwestern wind direction can be linked to periods of low sea level where a high amount of marine sediment is exposed on the shelf platform.

scholarly journals Depositional environment of the Branch Sandstone and correlative sequences: Late Cretaceous changes in relative sea level in the East Coast Basin of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
History Of

<p>The Branch Sandstone is located within an overall transgressive, marine sedimentary succession in Marlborough, on the East Coast of New Zealand’s South Island. It has previously been interpreted as an anomalous sedimentary unit that was inferred to indicate abrupt and dramatic shallowing. The development of a presumed short-lived regressive deposit was thought to reflect a change in relative sea level, which had significant implications for the geological history of the Marlborough region, and regionally for the East Coast Basin.  The distribution and lithology of Branch Sandstone is described in detail from outcrop studies at Branch Stream, and through the compilation of existing regional data. Two approximately correlative sections from the East Coast of the North Island (Tangaruhe Stream and Angora Stream) are also examined to provide regional context. Depositional environments were interpreted using sedimentology and palynology, and age control was developed from dinoflagellate biostratigraphy. Data derived from these methods were combined with the work of previous authors to establish depositional models for each section which were then interpreted in the context of relative sea level fluctuations.  At Branch Stream, Branch Sandstone is interpreted as a shelfal marine sandstone, that disconformably overlies Herring Formation. The Branch Sandstone is interpreted as a more distal deposit than uppermost Herring Formation, whilst the disconformity is suggested to have developed during a fall in relative sea level. At Branch Stream, higher frequency tectonic or eustatic sea-level changes can therefore be distinguished within a passive margin sedimentary sequence, where sedimentation broadly reflects subsidence following rifting of the Tasman Sea. Development of a long-lived disconformity at Tangaruhe Stream and deposition of sediment gravity flow deposits at Angora Stream occurred at similar times to the fall in relative sea level documented at the top of the Herring Formation at Branch Stream. These features may reflect a basin-wide relative sea-level event, that coincides with global records of eustatic sea level fall.</p>

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