scholarly journals Eurocentrism, Forced Labour, and Global Migration: A Critical Assessment

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu P. Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Migration Literature ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
Asian Migration ◽  
European Migration

Recent historiography attempts increasingly to move beyond Eurocentrism. In the field of migration, Adam McKeown's article is a fine example of an attempt to put global migration in a non-Eurocentric perspective. Perhaps its most acute insight is in putting the paradigmatic European migration flows to the Americas in the nineteenth century at par with the mainly intra Asian (south/south-east Asian and north-east Asian) migration flows. McKeown's main target of attack is the unabashed “Euro-centrism” (or rather the “North Atlantic centrism”) of much of the migration literature on the so called age of mass migration. Eurocentrism appears, at least in the way that McKeown presents it, as a set of three interrelated propositions.

Arctic policy of the North East Asian countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viatcheslav Gavrilov ◽  
Alexandra Kripakova
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Policy

scholarly journals Localities of the Global: Asian Migrations between Slavery and Citizenship

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucheta Mazumdar
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
China And India ◽  
White Settler ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Asian Migration ◽  
European Migration

Migration has been a central concern of many areas in the writing of European history, and even more so when dealing with the histories of the white settler colonies of North America, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. In contrast, migration overseas constitutes a mere footnote (if it is mentioned at all) in densely populated China and India, where the total number of those who migrated out of the country in the last couple of centuries was a relatively small percentage of those who did not. In his thought-provoking and far-reaching essay, Adam McKeown challenges us to look beyond the normative model of “global” migration that focuses solely on European migration. Through innovative research and the compilation of range of data on China, India, central Asia, Japan, Siberia, south-east Asia that are seldom collated and analyzed together, McKeown demonstrates that Asian migration from the mid-nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries was comparable in volume to the trans-oceanic migrations from Europe. The term “global” as the theme of McKeown's essay, used as an adjective, evocatively captures the migration patterns and circulations of the modern world. But the concept of global is also the definition of the process underlying the modern economic and political system that through its very logic of reproduction creates unequal and uneven terrains. My comments explore some aspects of this unequal terrain.

Population Geography and Settlement Studies

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
R. I. Lawless
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Interregional Migration ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration ◽  
Settlement Studies

Oil wealth has transformed Libya, a desertic and sparsely populated country, bringing dramatic demographic changes (Zoghlami 1979). El Mehdawi and Clarke (1982) and Lawless and Kezeiri (1983) describe and analyse the growing polarisation of the population in the north-west and north-east coastal regions which contain the two largest cities, Tripoli and Benghazi. They show that in recent years spatial duality has been sharply intensified by strong rural to urban migration and also by an increase in interregional migration. The concentration of new development programmes in certain urban centres has been the main cause of the development differential among the regions. As a result the regions which include the most important urban centres have become the most prosperous and the others have become less developed or even depressed. This has been the main cause of the rapid increase in both rural to urban migration and interregional migration. The inhabitants of the less developed regions have continued to move in increasing numbers to those which are more developed. The large majority of migrants who moved from these less developed regions are represented by rural people who have changed their place of residence and their occupation. They have left their work in the rural sector to seek employment in the industrial and service sector. As a result agricultural production has declined. The agrarian sector now employs less than a quarter of the Libyan workforce and the percentage of nomads and semi-nomads has declined to under 10% of the population. Albergani and Vignet-Zunz (1982) have shown that colonial invasion and occupation followed by the Second World War threatened the Bedouin of the Jebel Akhdar with extinction, not through sedentarisation but through the mass migration of a devastated rural population. The advent of oil and the high salary levels available in urban centres further encouraged this tendency. Gannous (1979) studied the movement of Bedouin from rural areas to the town of Al Abiyar and the erosion of Bedouin culture by urban values.

scholarly journals Empire on their Backs: Coolies in the Eastern Borderlands of the British Raj

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (S22) ◽  
pp. 89-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipokmar Dzüvichü
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
British Raj ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
The Hill

AbstractIn the nineteenth century, colonial officials relied heavily on coercion to recruit “coolie” labour for “public works” and to provide various support services in the North-East Frontier of British India. “Treaties” with defeated chiefs and the subsequent population enumeration and taxation were strongly oriented to the mobilization of labour for road building and porterage. Forced labour provided the colonial officials with a steady supply of coolies to work on the roads as well as carriers for military expeditions. In mobilizing labour resources, however, colonial officials had to create and draw upon native agents such as the headmen and interpreters who came to play a crucial role in the colonial order of things. Focusing on the Naga Hills, this article will examine the efforts of the colonial state to secure a large circulating labour force, the forms of labour relations that emerged from the need to build colonial infrastructure and the demand for coolies in military expeditions, the response of the hill people to labour conscription and its impact on the hill “tribes”.

scholarly journals Beyond the Atlantic: Connecting Migration and World History in the Age of Imperialism, 1840–1940

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulbe Bosma
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
New World ◽  
World History ◽  
Atlantic History ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
The North ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The North Atlantic

The age of mass migration that commenced in the 1840s has traditionally been conceived within the orbit of Atlantic history, and rendered as a narrative of modernity and industrialization. At an individual level the departure for the New World was propelled by rising expectations, which nicely fitted the macro-pattern of converging labour markets between North-America – as well as Australia for that matter – and Europe. Many of the assumptions that brought global migration under the aegis of modernization have been refuted, or at least seriously questioned. But that still leaves us with the important question whether there are alternative paradigms available that fit the realities both within and outside the North Atlantic world. Some have already answered the question negatively. According to Hatton and Williamson, it is impossible to find a unifying paradigm that would enable us to develop a global migration history. Their argument is too important not to be cited:

Evaluation of chlorophyll retrievals from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) for the North-East Asian region

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 482-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonkook Kim ◽  
Jeong-Eon Moon ◽  
Young-Je Park ◽  
Joji Ishizaka
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Ocean Color ◽  
East Asian Region ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

European colonial soldiers in the nineteenth century: their role in white global migration and patterns of colonial settlement

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulbe Bosma
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Important Implication ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Empire Building ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Colonial Settlement ◽  
European Migration

AbstractMore than six million European soldiers were involved in nineteenth-century empire-building and a substantial number of them stayed behind in the colonies. Throughout history, soldiers have been priming the pump for settler colonies, being a reliable force in difficult pioneering circumstances with high mortality rates. In the age of European mass migration, however, these colonial soldiers were consistently excluded from migration statistics. This article argues that there is a nexus between the beginning of the age of mass migration and the exclusion of colonial soldiers from migration history. Their status as un-free labourers developed into an anomaly at a time when free labour and free European migration increasingly became the norm. An important implication of including these colonial soldiers in the purview of migration history would be a revisiting of nineteenth-century European emigration history. It would require a broader comparative perspective on coercive labour conditions among nineteenth-century European migrants (military and non-military). This effort could be part of an ongoing revision of the perception of the age of European mass migration as overwhelmingly free.

INDIA-ASEAN TRADE OPPORTUNITIES UNDER ACT EAST POLICY AND INDIA’S NORTH EAST

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Dr. Basanta Kalita
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Strong Player ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Merchandise Trade

The Act East Policy of the Govt. of India was started in 1991to strengthen falling economic situation. The basic idea was to link Indian economy with flourishing economies of the South East Asian nations to enhance India’s economic fortunes. The north eastern region being the gateway of the whole engagement is supposed to play the most crucial role in delivering the anticipated result. The paper has tried to study India-ASEAN trade opportunities in terms of merchandise trade vis-s-vis the opportunities for the NER. It is found that the merchandise trade has increased many folds between India and ASEAN specially in the post AIFTA period. The main items of India’s export to and import from the ASEAN reveal that the NER can be a strong player in the business activities as it has tremendous potential in producing those commodities due to the natural advantages it possesses. However, the main challenge is the lack of infrastructural facilities in the area which are absolutely necessary for international business and investment. KEY WORDS: ASEAN, Act East Policy, NER, AIFTA

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