ICRC Medical Mission to the Brazilian Amazon Region

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (123) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
The West ◽  
Medical Mission ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Amazonian Indians ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

It will be recalled that, with the agreement of the Brazilian Ministry of the Interior and in close collaboration with the League of Red Cross Societies and the Brazilian Red Cross, the ICRC sent a team to Brazil in May 1970 to study the situation and needs of the Amazonian Indians. The team was led by Mr. S. Nessi, ICRC Delegate-General for Latin America, and comprised three doctors, B. Aakerren, S. Bakker and R. Habersang (who were loaned to the International Red Cross by the West German, Dutch and Swedish Red Cross Societies, which agreed also to meet the cost of the expedition) and a Swiss ethnologist, Mr. R. Fürst. They were joined in Rio de Janeiro by Dr. A. Borges dos Santos, a Brazilian Red Cross doctor. As they penetrated deep into the country, we published information on their journey, on the aid that they gave and on the medical centres that they set up.

Amazon – ICRC Medical Assistance Programme

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (147) ◽  
pp. 302-303
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Review ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Medical Mission ◽  
Assistance Programme ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region

On several occasions in 1970, International Review published news of an International Red Cross medical mission to the Amazon, and in June 1971 it gave extracts of the report drawn up by the three doctors who carried out that mission. Now we give details on the preparation and launching of an ICRC medical assistance programme for the benefit of the Indians of the Brazilian Amazon region.

Sovereignty and the Chinese Red Cross Society: The Differentiated Practice of International Law in Shandong, 1914–1916

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-177
Author(s):  
Caroline Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Port City ◽  
Laws Of War ◽  
The West ◽  
Shandong Peninsula ◽  
Local Practice ◽  
Strategic Manipulation ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThis article looks at the strategic manipulation of national Red Cross Societies as markers of sovereignty during a period of heightened world nationalism in the early twentieth century. Using Chinese archival materials, it examines how in 1916, on China's much contested Shandong Peninsula, a Japanese delegation set up a Japanese Red Cross chapter and hospital in the Chinese port city of Longkou, in flagrant disregard of widely recognized principles of sovereignty and international law. Occurring just as the larger “Shandong Question” was roiling the international legal community, this incident shows how the local practice of international legal statutes diverged from a more publicized, transnational discussion of those same principles. The article explores this disjuncture, and considers one instance of what I term the differentiated practice of international law: the early twentiethcentury Japanese “double policy” – “one policy for the East and another for the West.” Revealing much about the use of humanitarian activity and the laws of war to further national agendas, the Longkou Incident was later used by the Chinese Red Cross Society as precedent for checking further incursions into China's sovereignty.

Africa — Latin America — Asia — Middle East

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (257) ◽  
pp. 210-217
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
The Past ◽  
Set Up

In southern Sudan, relief supplies were distributed in January in the Narus region, where 10,200 persons received 145 tonnes of sorghum, 28 tonnes of beans and 18 tonnes of oil. Further distributions of foodstuffs were carried out in the first week of February (291 tonnes). On 18 February the recipients of the “seed and implements” project were once more registered systematically: 22,800 persons were registered in Narus and the three neighbouring camps. Distributions began at the end of February. The Narus feeding centre continued to admit children suffering from malnutrition: in January, 476 children were cared for at the centre. A surgical hospital, gift of the Finnish Red Cross, was set up at Lokichokio, in Kenya, to treat wounded persons arriving from southern Sudan. The despatch of food aid to Tigray and Eritrea was continued as in the past. In January, 1,230 tonnes were sent to Tigray and 730 tonnes to Eritrea.

Africa — Latin America — Asia and Pacific — Middle East

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (245) ◽  
pp. 102-117
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Chief Medical Officer ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Special Fund ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Set Up

Dr. Athos Gallino, member of the ICRC, accompanied by Dr. Rémi Russbach, chief medical officer of the ICRC, went on mission from 20 January to 3 February, first to Mozambique and then to Zimbabwe, Ethiopia and Sudan. As head of the “Special Fund for the Disabled”, created by the ICRC in 1983, — Dr. Gallino visited the centres for care of war amputees and paraplegics which have been set up in these countries by the ICRC with the support of local authorities and National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. The ICRC representatives went to Maputo (Mozambique), Bulawayo (Zimbabwe), Debre Zeit and Asmara (Ethiopia) and Kassala (Sudan).Dr. Gallino and Dr. Russbach also visited the ICRC feeding centres in Axum and Mekele (Ethiopia).

The President of the ICRC in Africa — Sudan — Pakistan — Khmer Republic — Republic of Vietnam — Laos — Ceylon — Japan — Near East — Yemen Arab Republic — Latin America

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (126) ◽  
pp. 490-500
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Near East ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One ◽  
Yemen Arab Republic

From 17 July to 8 August 1971, Mr. Marcel A. Naville, President of the ICRC, accompanied by Mr. Georg Hoffmann, ICRC Delegate-General for Africa, went to Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal and Cameroon. The purpose of the trip was, on the one hand, to contact government authorities and Red Cross leaders in each country and, on the other, to visit the two ICRC regional delegations set up a year ago in Yaoundé and Addis Ababa.

RECENTES REGISTROS DE Bolitoglossa paraensis (UNTERSTEIN, 1930) (CAUDATA, PLETHODONTIDAE) NO CENTRO DE ENDEMISMO BELÉM

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Ruth Amanda Estupiñán
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Red List ◽  
The West ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Landscape Units ◽  
Definition Of

In the red list of threatened species of Pará State, in Brazil, the salamander Bolitoglossa paraensis was listed as vulnerable. Initially the species was considered a synonym with Bolitoglossa altamazonica, but was recently revalidated. This note discusses the validity of the specimens from the west of the Brazilian Amazon identified as B. paraensis. It is also discussed the categorization of the species as vulnerable, and the records of the species was mapped in the Endemism area Belém. In order to establish a Private Natural Reserve (RPPN), a herpetological survey was carried out in different landscape units of the Nova Amafrutas, in Benevides (Pará), and the records of B. paraensis were mapped in these landscape units. By comparing the abundances recorded by Crump (1971) and those results of the present study, suggested that this species is tolerant to antropic “capoeira” forest (old fallows) next to undisturbed forest. More molecular phylogeographic studies are needed in order to establish a stable the taxonomy status for B. paraensis, and also the definition of its real endemic status in the Center of Endemism of Belém.

scholarly journals Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section by Acinetobacter Species: A Report from a Hyperendemic Setting in the Brazilian Amazon Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Blenda Gonçalves Cabral ◽  
Danielle Murici Brasiliense ◽  
Ismari Perini Furlaneto ◽  
Yan Corrêa Rodrigues ◽  
Karla Valéria Batista Lima
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
The Impact

Surgical site infection (SSI) following caesarean section is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and significant health care costs. This study evaluated the epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological features of Acinetobacter spp. in women with SSIs who have undergone caesarean section at a referral hospital in the Brazilian Amazon region. This study included 69 women with post-caesarean SSI by Acinetobacter spp. admitted to the hospital between January 2012 and May 2015. The 69 Acinetobacter isolates were subjected to molecular species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of carbapenemase-encoding genes, and genotyping. The main complications of post-caesarean SSI by Acinetobacter were inadequate and prolonged antibiotic therapy, sepsis, prolonged hospitalization, and re-suture procedures. A. baumannii, A. nosocomialis and A. colistiniresistens species were identified among the isolates. Carbapenem resistance was associated with OXA-23-producing A. baumannii isolates and IMP-1-producing A. nosocomialis isolate. Patients with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infection showed worse clinical courses. Dissemination of persistent epidemic clones was observed, and the main clonal complexes (CC) for A. baumannii were CC231 and CC236 (Oxford scheme) and CC1 and CC15 (Pasteur scheme). This is the first report of a long-term Acinetobacter spp. outbreak in women who underwent caesarean section at a Brazilian hospital. This study demonstrates the impact of multidrug resistance on the clinical course of post-caesarean infections.

Diplomacy Beyond History: Analytic-Violence, Producer-Centred Research, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 097492842098307
Author(s):  
Deep K. Datta-Ray
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Nuclear Diplomacy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Insight Into

The history of Indian diplomacy conceptualises diplomacy racially—as invented by the West—and restrictively—to offence. This is ‘analytic-violence’ and it explains the berating of Indians for mimicking diplomacy incorrectly or unthinkingly, and the deleting, dismissing, or denigrating, of diplomatic practices contradicting history’s conception. To relieve history from these offences, a new method is presented, ‘Producer-Centred Research’ (PCR). Initiating with abduction, an insight into a problem—in this case Indian diplomacy’s compromised historicisation—PCR solves it by converting history’s racist rationality into ‘rationalities’. The plurality renders rationality one of many, permitting PCR’s searching for rationalities not as a function of rationality but robust practices explicable in producer’s terms. Doing so is exegesis. It reveals India’s nuclear diplomacy as unique, for being organised by defence, not offence. Moreover, offence’s premise of security as exceeding opponent’s hostility renders it chimerical for such a security is, paradoxically, reliant on expanding arsenals. Additionally, doing so is a response to opponents. This fragments sovereignty and abdicates control for one is dependent on opponent’s choices. Defence, however, does not instigate opponents and so really delivers security by minimising arsenals since offence is eschewed. Doing so is not a response to opponents and so maintains sovereignty and retains control by denying others the right to offense. The cost of defence is courage, for instance, choosing to live in the shadow of nuclear annihilation. Exegesis discloses Balakot as a shift from defence to offence, so to relieve the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) leadership of having to be courageous. The intensity of the intention to discard courage is apparent in the price the BJP paid. This included equating India with Pakistan, permitting it to escalate the conflict, and so imperiling all humanity in a manner beyond history.

Excavations at Fishbourne, 1963. Third Interim Report

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Keyword(s):  
Interim Report ◽  
The West ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
North West ◽  
The Third ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
Set Up

Early in 1963 much of the land occupied by the Roman building at Fishbourne was purchased by Mr. I. D. Margary, M.A., F.S.A., and was given to the Sussex Archaeological Trust. The Fishbourne Committee of the trust was set up to administer the future of the site. The third season's excavation, carried out at the desire of this committee, was again organized by the Chichester Civic Society.1 About fifty volunteers a day were employed from 24th July to 3rd September. Excavation concentrated upon three main areas; the orchard south of the east wing excavated in 1962, the west end of the north wing, and the west wing. In addition, trial trenches were dug at the north-east and north-west extremities of the building and in the area to the north of the north wing. The work of supervision was carried out by Miss F. Pierce, M.A., Mr. B. Morley, Mr. A. B. Norton, B.A., and Mr. J. P. Wild, B.A. Photography was organized by Mr. D. B. Baker and Mrs. F. A. Cunliffe took charge of the pottery and finds.

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