Field experiments comparing ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and urea combine-drilled with spring barley

1963 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Devine ◽  
M. R. J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Grain Yields

1. Twenty-one experiments were carried out in various parts of England and Scotland in 1959–61 comparing two or more of the nitrogen sources ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and urea, combine-drilled in compound fertilizers for spring barley.2. Ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate combine-drilled at rates from 35 to 105 lb./acre of nitrogen checked early growth slightly in some of the experiments, with no important difference between the two sources, which also gave similar grain yields.3. Calcium nitrate and urea combine-drilled at 45 lb./acre of nitrogen had no large effect on early growth, while at 70 and 90 lb./acre both fertilizers seriously delayed brairding and reduced the plant population in many of the experiments, especially in eastern England. They gave lower yields than ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate in many of the experiments in which early growth was affected, and gave lower mean yields at all rates of application.4. In eleven of the experiments, broadcast applications of two or more of the four nitrogen fertilizers were compared. All sources gave similar mean yields.5. There was a slightly smaller yield from combine drilling than from broadcasting ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate, and a markedly smaller yield from calcium nitrate and urea.

scholarly journals Influence of Nitrogen Sources and Bio-fertilizer on Soil Nutrients, Yield and Quality of Cowpea under Saline Soil Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Marwa, A. Ahmed ◽  
Fatma H. A. El-Agyzy ◽  
Khaled, A. Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Available N ◽  
Zn Content

Two field experiments were conducted at El-Rod village at Sahl El-Houssinia, El-Sharkia governorate, (32°15' 00" N 30°50' 00" E), Egypt. The study investigated evaluations of different nitrogen fertilizers sources (calcium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea fertilizers) and rates (0, 47.6, 71.4 and 107 kg N/ha) alone or combined with bio-fertilizer (using bio-fertilization with Rhiobium radiobacter sp strain on improve nutrients available and contents in cowpea productivity and quality in newly reclaimed saline soil conditions during two summer seasons 2017 and 2018.  The studies treatments were disturbed among the experimental pelts in split design with six replicates. The obtained results cleared that the used ammonium sulphate fertilizer was increase effect with increasing rate in EC, pH, and available N, P, K , Fe, Mn and Zn content in soil. Moreover data recorded the applied 71.4 kg N /ha was increase of plant height, weight of 100 seeds, weight of pods (g/plant) , weight of seeds (g)/plant and seeds yield (ton ha-1) have been affected by inoculation with bio-fertilizer combined with nitrogen sources fertilizers  and different rates than other treatments. The highest values of N, P , K, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations and uptake in seeds treated with ammonium sulphate at rate 71.4 kg N/ha than other treatments. The decrease of the soil salinity to increased content of cowpea plant of chlorophyll and protein, but increased salinity of the soil led to increase the content of the plant of proline. The application of ammonium sulphat at 30 kg N/fed combined with bio-fertilizer was improve soil properties and cowpea productivity and quality under saline soils conditions.

The effect of rate, form and timing of fertilizer N on nitrogen uptake and grain N content in spring malting barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. McTaggart ◽  
K. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Fertilizer N

SUMMARYField experiments were carried out on six sites in eastern Scotland between 1987 and 1989 to determine the effect of nitrogen on the yield, N uptake and grain N concentration of spring barley grown for malting. The effects of fertilizer applications at rates from 0 to 150 kg N ha-1 and the timing of application were studied, using three fertilizer forms: calcium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate. Calcium nitrate applications significantly increased grain N concentrations (P < 0·05), and grain yields (P < 0·01 and 0·05) at two sites, above the values obtained with the other fertilizers, but there was no effect at the other sites. Split applications of calcium nitrate increased yields above those from single applications in some treatments at two sites. At low rates, recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer was greatest when applied as calcium nitrate. Recovery fell at higher rates in calcium nitrate treatments, but rose in ammonium sulphate treatments. Uptake of fertilizer N, during the period of stem elongation in June, was significantly greater (P < 0·05) in the calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate treatments. Maximum uptake was usually reached by the time of anthesis. Uptake of soil N was not as great during the early sampling periods, but continued up to harvest in most treatments. There was evidence of losses, between anthesis and harvest, of fertilizer N previously taken up by the crop. The uptake of soil N remained constant over the range of fertilizer treatments except with ammonium sulphate, where there was evidence of increased uptake at higher fertilizer rates, possibly due to ‘pool substitution’ of 15N-labelled fertilizer. The variation in soil N uptake between sites was greater than the variation in fertilizer N uptake caused by different forms of fertilizer and different application times.

Field experiments comparing autumn and spring applications of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate for winter wheat

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Devine ◽  
M. R. J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Winter Rainfall

1. Ten experiments were carried out on winter wheat in various parts of England in 1959-61, to compare 60 lb./acre of nitrogen broadcast as ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and calcium nitrate (a) all in autumn, (6) one-third in autumn and two-thirds in spring, (c) all in spring. The winter rainfall was high in four experiments and moderate in six.

Field experiments comparing winter and spring applications of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and urea to grassland

1965 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Devine ◽  
M. R. J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Nitrogen Yield

Fourteen experiments were carried out in various parts of England to compare ammoniumsulphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate andurea applied to grassland in early winter, latewinter and spring at rates supplying 40 and 80lb./acre of nitrogen. Yield of herbage and of nitrogen were recorded at one cut in spring..

Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of dryland grain sorghum at Katherine, Northern Territory. 4. 15-nitrogen studies on nitrogen carrier and method of application

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (99) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJK Myers
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Effective Source

The effect of nitrogen source and method of application on yield and N uptake of dryland grain sorghum was studied, using 15-nitrogen labelled fertilizers. The nitrogen sources were ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and urea, and the methods were banded, mixed and split application, using a rate of 50 kg N ha-1 throughout. The experiment was conducted over two wet seasons, 1970-71 and 1971-72. Method of application increased yield and nitrogen uptake in the order banded > mixed > split. Source of nitrogen resulted in the order ammonium sulphate = ammonium nitrate > urea. In the drier season, urea behaved somewhat differently, i.e. banded urea > banded ammonium nitrate= banded ammonium sulphate. Calculation of percentage recovery in general confirmed these results. It was concluded that nitrogenous fertilizer is more effective when banded, and that urea was a less effective source of nitrogen than the two ammonium salts. The results obtained with 15-nitrogen revealed a significant treatment effect that was not apparent in non-tracer experiments namely, the poor performance of urea in the second year. Because of its greater sensitivity, and because it identifies the nitrogen derived from fertilizer, the 15-nitrogen technique has scope for use in field experiments comparing fertilizers and cultural techniques.

Experiments measuring effects of ammonium and nitrate fertilizers, with and without sodium and potassium, on spring barley

1967 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
A. Penny ◽  
R. J. B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Light Soil ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. Thirteen experiments were made with spring barley from 1963 to 1965 on soils overlying chalk. They compared yields at ear emergence and of ripe grain from ammonium sulphate and from calcium nitrate, from sodium nitrate or sodium chloride or both, and from potassium nitrate or potassium chloride. Two rates of seedbed N were tested, though they were different each year, and in 1964 and 1965 N top-dressings were also applied. The amounts of N, K, Na and Mg in the green barley, and of N in the grain, were measured.greatly increased grain yields in all but one experiment, where the barley followed sugar beet. Calcium nitrate gave larger grain yields than ammonium sulphate in three-quarters of the comparisons, but gave much smaller yields than ammonium sulphate on one light soil in 1964 when much rain fell after the fertilizers had been applied. Grain yields from calcium, potassium and sodium nitrates were nearly the same.3. Na slightly increased grain yields in three and K in two experiments, but combine-drilled P or PK fertilizers increased them in every experiment.

The value of urea nitrate and urea phosphate as nitrogen fertilizers for grass and barley

1967 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. R. Gasser ◽  
A. Penny
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Permanent Grassland ◽  
Urea Phosphate ◽  
Urea Nitrate ◽  
Loam Soil

Urea nitrate, urea phosphate, and a mixture of urea phosphate and urea were tested as nitrogen fertilizers to find whether the presence of the anion decreases the damage urea causes to germinating seeds and seedlings and increases the efficiency of urea by preventing loss of ammonia.Urea nitrate was compared with ammonium sulphate for grass grown in pots in the glasshouse and with ammonium nitrate for permanent grassland in the field. In the glasshouse, a large dressing of urea nitrate damaged the early growth of grass in sandy-loam soil. On average of sandy-loam and clay-loam soils with a small dressing of fertilizers, grass recovered similar amounts of N from urea nitrate and ammonium sulphate; with the large dressing it recovered less from urea nitrate.In the field, 100 and 200 lb N/acre were applied to permanent grassland which was cut twice. The herbage was ‘scorched’ by the urea nitrate because its solution is very acid. Urea nitrate at 200 lb N/acre produced less dry matter containing less nitrogen than did ammonium nitrate.Urea nitrate, urea phosphate and urea phosphateurea mixture were compared with ammonium nitrate for barley and grass grown in clay-loam and sandyloam soils. Tests were made of 33, 67 and 100 lb N/acre for barley and 100, 200 and 300 lb N/acre for ryegrass; the fertilizers were applied immediately before sowing. On the light Woburn soil early growth of barley was least good with urea nitrate, which also damaged the early growth of grass.

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Field-grown Leaf Lettuce for Spring Harvest

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Chohura ◽  
Eugeniusz Kołota
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Leaf Lettuce ◽  
Spring Harvest

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Field-grown Leaf Lettuce for Spring HarvestTwo field experiments with leaf lettuce were carried out in 2006-2008. Each of them was set up in a random sub-block design in 3 replications and a two-factorial system. The first factor represented different nitrogen doses that were used to obtain the required N level in the soil prior to planting the seedlings, the levels being: 50, 100 and 150 mg N·dm-3. The second factor incorporated 4 nitrogenous fertilizers which were different in terms of chemical composition, and, more importantly, contained different nitrogen forms for introduction to the soil: ammonium nitrate 34% N-[NH4NO3], calcium nitrate 15.5% N-[Ca(NO3)2xH2O+NH4NO3], ammonium sulphate 20.0% N-[(NH4)2SO4], and ENTEC 26% N-[NH4NO3+(NH4)2SO4+0.8% DMPP]. Two varieties of leaf lettuce were used: Casabella (of the type Lollo Bionda) with green leaves, and Klausia (of the type Lollo Rosa) with red leaves. The best sources of nitrogen for the lettuce plants were the fertilizers ENTEC 26 and ammonium nitrate, which in contrast to calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate made it possible to obtain significantly higher yields of lettuce. Irrespective of the kind of the nitrogenous fertilizer used, increasing the concentration of nitrogen in the soil from 50 mg N·dm-3to 100 mg N·dm-3resulted in a significant increase in the marketable yield of lettuce. At 150 mg N·dm-3this yield remained at a level similar to that at 100 mg N·dm-3. The lettuce fertilized with ammonium sulphate was marked by the lowest mean nitrate content in the leaves before harvest. The use of gradually higher doses of nitrogen resulted in a reduced dry weight content and lower levels of total and reducing sugars in lettuce leaves. With respect to yield size and quality, the recommended concentration of nitrogen in the soil for leaf lettuce should not exceed 100 mg N·dm-3.

Applying nitrogen fertilizers for spring barley

1961 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
A. Penny ◽  
R. J. B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Alternative Methods

1. Fifteen experiments on spring barley (mainly Proctor), done from 1957 to 1959, compared alternative alternative methods of applying 0·3, 0·6 and 0·9 cwt. N/acre.2. Combine-drilling 0·3 or 0·6 cwt. N/acre as ammonium sulphate produced higher mean yields than broadcasting, but drilling 0·9 cwt. N/acre checked early growth and reduced mean yields in two of the three seasons.

Side-placing urea and other nitrogen fertilizers for spring barley

1964 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
A. Penny ◽  
R. J. B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers

1. Laboratory experiments compared alternative ways of placing urea for wheat. Urea greatly increased the pH in the seed-row; placed in contact with seeds, it killed many plants, but did not when placed 1 in. to the side of the seed.2. A combine-drill was modified so that, by simple adjustments, fertilizers could be placed in contact with the seed, or at 1 in. to the side of the seed, or broadcast over the seed-bed.3. Fifteen experiments with spring barley and one with spring wheat, made from 1960–62, compared yields from urea with yields from ammonium sulphate; calcium nitrate and sodium nitrate were tested in seven and in six experiments, respectively.

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