Nature and availability of residual phosphorus in longterm fertilized pasture soils in New Zealand

1990 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Condron ◽  
K. M. Goh
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Microbial P ◽  
Pasture Yield

SUMMARYThe nature and availability of phosphorus in long-term fertilized pasture soils was investigated in a series of field trials, which included liming, N fertilizer and cultivation and involved monitoring plant P uptake and changes in topsoil (0–7·5 cm) P fractions for 2 years (1982–83). Liming increased soil organic P mineralization. This was indicated by significant decreases in extractable organic P and concomitant increases in microbial biomass P in the limed soils, although these changes in soil P had no significant effect on pasture yield and P uptake. On the other hand, N fertilizer increased pasture yield and P uptake but had little effect on the amounts of P in the different soil P fractions. In the cultivated soils, increases in plant-available inorganic P were attributed to the release of P during decomposition of plant residues, while the maintenance of fallow conditions decreased amounts of microbial P in these soils.

Dynamics of phosphorus fractions in soils treated with dairy manure

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
L. B. Braos ◽  
A. C. T. Bettiol ◽  
L. G. Di Santo ◽  
M. E. Ferreira ◽  
M. C. P. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions

The evaluation of phosphorus (P) transformations in soil after application of manure or mineral P can improve soil management and optimise P use by plants. The objectives of the present study were to assess organic and inorganic P forms in two soils treated with dairy manure and triple superphosphate and to establish relationships between soil P fraction levels and P availability. Soil organic and inorganic P fractions were quantified using a pot experiment with two soils, a typical Hapludox and an arenic Hapludult, with three types of fertiliser treatments applied (no fertiliser application, application of dairy manure, and application of triple superphosphate, by adding 100 mg P dm–3 in the form of fertiliser in the two latter treatments) and four incubation times (15, 45, 90, and 180 days). Inorganic P was fractionated into aluminium-bound, iron-bound, occluded, and calcium-bound P. Organic P was extracted sequentially using sodium bicarbonate, hydrochloric acid, microbial biomass, sodium hydroxide, and residual organic P. After incubation, maize plants were cropped to quantify dry matter yield and absorbed P. Application of dairy manure resulted in a significant increase in most of the organic P fractions, and application of triple superphosphate led to a significant increase in inorganic P fractions. Both fertilisers raised labile organic P fractions in the two soils. The major sinks of P in Hapludox were occluded and fulvic acid-associated P. In contrast, the major sink of P in Hapludult was iron-bound P. The available P levels were stable after application of dairy manure, and decreased with time when fertilised with triple superphosphate. In the Hapludox, the organic P fractions had a significant positive correlation with P uptake by plants. The results suggest that organic P mineralisation plays a more significant role in plant P uptake in the Hapludox soil and inorganic P forms are the main contributors to plant P uptake in the Hapludult soil.

scholarly journals Comparison of fractionation methods for soil phosphorus with soils subjected to various long-term fertilization regimes on a calcareous soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e3
Author(s):  
Xin Jin ◽  
Changlu Hu ◽  
Asif Khan ◽  
Shulan Zhang ◽  
Xueyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P

Background Diverse phosphorus (P) fractionation procedures presented varying soil P fractions, which directly affected P contents and forms, and their biological availability. Purpose To facilitate the selection of phosphorus (P) fractionation techniques, we compared two procedures based on a long-term experiment on a calcareous soil. Methods The soils containing a gradient P levels were sampled from seven treatments predictor under various long-term fertilizations. The P fractions were then separated independently with both fractionation procedures modified by Tiessen-Moir and Jiang-Gu. Results The results showed that the labile P in Jiang-Gu is significantly lower than that in Tiessen-Moir. The iron and aluminium-bounded P were greater in Jiang-Gu by a maximum of 46 mg kg−1 than Tiessen-Moir. Jiang-Gu fractionation gave similar Ca bounded P to that Tiessen-Moir did at low P level but greater contents at high P level. The two methods extracted much comparable total inorganic P. However, Tiessen-Moir method accounted less total organic P than ignition or Jiang-Gu method (the organic P (Po) estimated by subtract the total inorganic P (Pi) in Jiang-Gu fractionation from the total). P uptake by winter wheat was significantly and positively correlated with all phosphorus fractions in Jiang-Gu; Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, D. HCl-P, C. HCl-Pi, NaOH-Po, total-Po in Tiessen-Moir; P fraction categories of Ca-P, Fe & Al-P and total-Pi in both fractionations. Path coefficients indicated that Ca2-P in Jiang-Gu, NaHCO3-Pi and D. HCl-P in Tiessen-Moir had the higher and more significant direct contributions to P uptake among P fractions measured. Conclusions Our results suggested that Jiang-Gu procedure is a better predictor in soil P fractionation in calcareous soils, although it gives no results on organic P fractions.

scholarly journals Phosphorus dynamics during early soil development in extreme environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Frkova ◽  
Chiara Pistocchi ◽  
Yuliya Vystavna ◽  
Katerina Capkova ◽  
Jiri Dolezal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Available P ◽  
Extreme Condition ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
P Pools ◽  
Microbial P

Abstract. At the early stages of pedogenesis, the dynamics of phosphorus (P) in soils are controlled by microbial communities, the physicochemical properties of the soil and the environmental conditions. While various microorganisms involved in carrying out biogeochemical processes have been identified, little is known about the actual contribution of microbial processes, such as organic P hydrolysis and microbial P turnover, to P cycling. We thus focused on processes driven by microbes and how they affect the size and cycling of organic and inorganic soil P pools along a soil chronosequence in the Chamser Kangri glacier forefield (Western Himalayas). The rapid retreat of the glacier allowed us to study the early stages of soil formation under cold arid climate. Biological P transformations were studied with the help of the isotopic composition of oxygen (O) in phosphate (δ18OP) coupled to sequential P fractionation performed on soil samples from four sites of different age spanning 0 to 100–150 years. The mineral P, i.e. 1M HCl-extractable P, represented still 95 % of the total P stock after approximately 100 years of soil development. Its isotopic composition was similar to the parent material also at the most developed site. Primary phosphate minerals, therefore, mostly composed this pool. The δ18OP of the available P and the P bound to Fe and Al oxides instead differed from that of the parent material, suggesting that these pools underwent biological turnover. The isotopic composition of O in of the available P was mostly controlled by the microbial P, suggesting fast exchanges occurred between these two pools possibly fostered by repeated freezing-thawing and drying-rewetting cycles. The release of P from organic P become increasingly important with soil age, constituting one third of the P flux to available P at the oldest site. Accordingly, the lighter isotopic composition of the P bound to Fe and Al oxides at the oldest site indicated that this pool contained phosphate released by organic P mineralization. Compared to previous studies on early pedogenesis under alpine or cold climate, our findings suggest a much slower decrease of the P-bearing primary minerals during the first 100 years of soil development under extreme condition. However, they provide evidence that, by driving short-term P dynamics, microbes play an important role in controlling the redistribution of primary P into inorganic and organic soil P pools.

Influence of soil texture on fertilizer and soil phosphorus transformations in Gleysolic soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Zheng ◽  
L. E. Parent ◽  
J. A. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Heavy Clay

The P dynamics in soils should be quantified in agricultural soils to improve fertilizer P (FP) efficiency while limiting the risk of P transfer from soils to water bodies. This study assessed P transformations following FP addition to Gleysolic soils. A pot experiment was conducted with five soils varying in texture from sandy loam to heavy clay, and receiving four FP rates under barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) rotations. A modified Hedley procedure was used for soil P fractionation. Soil resin-P and NaHCO3-Pi contents were interactively affected by texture and FP. The NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, HCl-P and H2SO4-P were only affected by soil texture. Proportions of 78 and 90% of the variation in labile and total P were, respectively, related to soil clay content. The FP addition increased resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Pi and -Po contents in coarse-textured soils, but the amount added was not sufficient to mask the initial influence of soil texture on the sizes of soil P pools. Plant P uptake was proportional to FP rate but less closely linked to clay content. The average increase in labile P per unit of total FP added in excess of plant exports was 0.85, 0.8 2 , 0.73, 0.55 and 0.24 for the sandy loam, loam, clay loam, clay and heavy clay soil, respectively. The results of this study stress the important of considering soil texture in Gleysolic soils when assessing P accumulation and transformations in soils, due to commercial fertilizers applied in excess of crop removal. Key words: P fractions, clay content, fertilizer P, plant P uptake, soil texture

scholarly journals Soil phosphorus bioavailability as influenced by long-term management and applied phosphorus source

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-304
Author(s):  
Tandra D. Fraser ◽  
Derek H. Lynch ◽  
Ivan P. O’Halloran ◽  
R. Paul Voroney ◽  
Martin H. Entz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Term Management

Soil phosphorus (P) availability may be impacted by management practices, thereby affecting plant P uptake and plant response to P amendments. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term management on soil P pools and to assess the response of P bioavailability, plant growth, and P uptake to mineral versus manure P treatments. Soils were collected from plots under organic (ORG), organic with composted manure (ORG + M), conventional (CONV), and restored prairie (PRA) management. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) seedlings were grown in the greenhouse for 106 d in soils amended with various rates of manure or mineral P. The ORG soil had lower concentrations of labile P (resin-P and NaHCO3-P) compared with the CONV and PRA soils, as determined by sequential P fractionation prior to planting. Ryegrass biomass (root + shoot) and shoot P uptake from soils receiving no P were significantly lower for the ORG than all other management systems. Although apparent P use efficiency of the whole plant was increased by low P rate in the ORG management system, the source of applied P, manure > mineral, only influenced Olsen test P.

Phosphorus cycling in wheat-pasture rotations. III. Organic phosphorus turnover and phosphorus cycling

Soil Research ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Mclaughlin ◽  
AM Alston ◽  
JK Martin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Cycling ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wheat Pasture ◽  
P Cycle

The incorporation of 32P and 33P from 33P-labelled fertilizer and 33P-labelled pasture residues into organic and inorganic fractions of soil P was studied in a solonized brown soil (Calcixerollic xerochrept) cropped to wheat (Triticum aestivum). Most of the plant residue 33P was present as inorganic P at the time it was added to the soil, but only 7 days later almost 40% had been incorporated into organic P fractions of the soil. As the fertilizer was banded near the soil surface at sowing, little of the 32P from the 32P-labelled fertilizer was incorporated into organic forms, even after 95 days. From a knowledge of the P uptake by the plants and microorganisms, an integrated P cycle for this soil under wheat-pasture rotations was developed. We propose that fertilization of the pasture phase of the rotation stimulates the build-up of residual inorganic and organic P, while fertilization of the wheat phase predominantly stimulates the accumulation of inorganic forms of P in the soil.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LABILE INORGANIC PHOSPHATE STATUS AND ORGANIC CARBON ADDITIONS ON THE MICROBIAL UPTAKE OF PHOSPHORUS IN SOILS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. CHAUHAN ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
E. A. PAUL
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available P ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
P Values ◽  
Microbial P ◽  
C:P Ratios ◽  
Carbon Additions

The effect of labile inorganic phosphate (Pi) status of the soil on the decomposition of added cellulose and on the immobilization, mineralization, and redistribution of native and added P in soils was studied in a greenhouse incubation experiment. Cellulose was added at 765 μg C∙g−1 soil with and without P (9 μg∙g−1 soil) every 30 days under adequate N, H2O, and constant tempreature to two soils of different available P status. Lack of P eventually slowed down decomposition of added C, but this effect was partially compensated for by increased mineralization of organic P (Po) forms. Added P was redistributed to both P, (58–69%) and Po (42–31%) forms; higher amounts of Po were found in the soil with the highest Pi status. The correlation between microbial P uptake and solution P values was significant, and microbial C:P ratios ranged from 12:1 under high available P conditions to 45:1 where P was in low supply.

scholarly journals Lettuce Response to Phosphorus Fertilization in High P soils

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 795E-796
Author(s):  
P.R. Johnstone ◽  
T.K. Hartz*
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Salinas Valley ◽  
P Application ◽  
Resin Membrane

Heavy P fertilization of vegetable crops in the Salinas Valley of California have increased soil P levels, with > 50 mg·kg-1 bicarbonate-extractable P (Pbc) now common. To evaluate the response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to P fertilization in fields with elevated soil P levels, 12 trials were conducted in commercial fields during 2002-2003. Pbc at the trial sites varied from 53-171 mg·kg-1. In each trial four replicate plots receiving the growers' P application were compared with paired plots in which no P was applied. Leaf P was monitored at cupping stage and at harvest. At harvest mean whole plant mass and % of marketable plants were recorded. The correlation of Pbc to bioavailable P (Pba) was evaluated using 30 representative Salinas Valley soils; Pbc varied among these soils from 15-177 mg·kg-1. Pba was estimated by P adsorption on an anion resin membrane during a 16 h incubation. The effect of temperature on P bioavailability in 6 of these soils was estimated by conducting the Pba incubation at 5, 15 and 25 °C. A significant increase in lettuce yield with P fertilization was achieved at only one trial site, a spring planting where Pbc was 54 mg kg-1 ; at all other sites, including 3 with Pbc < 60 mg kg-1, P application resulted in no agronomic benefit. P application resulted in only a marginal increase in plant P uptake. Pba was highly correlated with Pbc (r = 0.89). Pba increased approximately 40% across soils with each 10 °C increase in soil temperature.

scholarly journals Correlations Among Different P-Test Methods Studied in a Network of Hungarian P Fertilization Long-term Field Trials

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Magyar ◽  
P. Csathó ◽  
K. Debreczeni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
P Values ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil Group ◽  
Soil P Test ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Term Field

Five soil P-test methods were compared on the soils of the network of unified Hungarian P fertilization long-term field trials. The effect of P application on the soil P-test values was significant on the different P levels and sites. The average effect of the sites varied between 1.5-fold (H 2 O method) and 3.7- fold (AL-method). The amounts of extracted P increased in the order of H 2 O-P < Olsen-P < Pi-P < AERM-P < AL-P < Corrected AL-P. For studying the relationships between the P values extracted by the different methods, acidic, calcareous and all soils groups were taken into account as a basis. A good correlation was found between the Pi- and AERM-methods in each soil group. Within the acidic soil group, pH has a much less expressed effect on AL-P values, presumably this was the reason why the strongest correlation in this soil group was found between the AL- and the Corr. AL-P methods  The next step in our research will be to calibrate these soil-P tests with plant P uptake and yield responses.

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