Cell membrane stability, an indicator of drought tolerance, as affected by applied nitrogen in soyabean

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Premachandra ◽  
H. Saneoka ◽  
S. Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Water Relations ◽  
N Application ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Leaf Tissues

SUMMARYFour soyabean cultivars were grown with two N application rates (50 and 300 kg N/ha) in the field at Hiroshima University, Japan, from June to August 1988. Cell membrane stability (CMS) by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) test, leaf water relations and nutrient concentrations in cell sap and leaf tissues were measured when the plants were 50 days old, in the uppermost fully expanded leaves.Cell membrane stability was higher at the higher N rate, the increase over the lower rate being greater in the cultivars Lee+ and Lee–than in Tamahomare and T201. Leaf water potential was not affected by the higher rate of N application. Osmotic adjustment, which was independent of water stress, was observed with the higher rate of N and it was higher in Lee + and Lee–than in Tamahomare and T201. It is suggested that osmotic potential in leaf tissues may influence CMS measured by the PEG test. Solute concentrations in cell sap and leaf tissues were higher at the higher N rate. Sugar and K were the major contributors to osmotic potential.

Seasonal changes in leaf water relations and cell membrane stability in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata)

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Premachandra ◽  
H. Saneoka ◽  
K. Fujita ◽  
S. Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Relations ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability

SUMMARYFifteen cultivars of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were grown in the field at Hiroshima University, Japan, to investigate seasonal changes in leaf water relations and cell membrane stability (CMS) measured by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) test. Leaf water potential and osmotic potential were measured from August 1988 to August 1989. Solute concentration in leaf cell sap was also estimated.Cell membrane stability increased, leaf water potential and osmotic potential decreased and turgor potential increased with decreasing environmental temperatures during autumn and winter. The significant increases observed in CMS may enable plants to tolerate freezing temperatures during winter. Decrease in leaf water potential may be a result of water-deficit effects due to soil freezing at low temperatures and the decrease in osmotic potential may help plants to maintain turgor and tolerate freezing conditions. Plants maintained higher turgor as the osmotic potential decreased to values as low as – 3·98 MPa during winter; the maintenance of turgor helps to maintain water uptake under water deficit conditions at low temperatures.Sugar and K were the major osmotic contributors in orchardgrass leaves. Sugar and Ca concentrations increased and Mg and P concentrations decreased at cold temperatures. K concentration increased in six cultivars and decreased in nine others at cold temperatures. Sugar concentration in cell sap was negatively correlated with osmotic potential. It was concluded that seasonal changes in CMS may be mainly associated with the osmotic potential of the leaf tissues.

scholarly journals Cell membrane stability and leaf water relations as affected by nitrogen application in maize (Zea mays L.).

1990 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gnanasiri S. PREMACHANDRA ◽  
Hirohumi SANEOKA ◽  
Hideaki MATSUURA ◽  
Shoitsu OGATA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Leaf Water Relations ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability

Evaluation of polyethylene glycol test of measuring cell membrane stability as a drought tolerance test in wheat

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Premachandra ◽  
T. Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Measuring Cell ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Wheat Lines

SummaryEffectiveness of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) test for measuring cell membrane stability (CMS) to select drought-tolerant genotypes in wheat was investigated. PEG test was compared with two other tests. Genetic variability of CMS was also investigated.Drought was induced artificially in pot-grown plants and in excised leaves, and percentage injury in leaf tissues by drought stress as measured by CMS was compared with that by PEG test. Percentage injury in leaf tissues of pot-grown plants was not correlated significantly with that by PEG test. However, percentage injury in excised leaves was well correlated with that in PEG test. The results suggest that the PEG test has merit in measuring drought tolerance in wheat. Frequency distribution of CMS in winter wheat lines was closely related to the characteristic pattern of quantitative inheritance and therefore CMS of wheat seems to be controlled by polygene action.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Inoculation on Alfalfa Tolerance to Water Deficit Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Mahnaz ZAFARI ◽  
Ali EBADI ◽  
Sodabeh JAHANBAKHSH GODEHKAHRIZ
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Seed Inoculation

Water deficit is one of the most important environmental stresses that adversely affect crop growth and production and mycorrhizal fungi and symbiotic bacteria have important role in resistance to drought stress. The effect of biofertilizers on alfalfa stress tolerance was studied at the greenhouse condition. Treatments comprised three water-deficit stresses (35%, 55% and 75% of field capacity) and four seeds inoculations (Glomus mosseae, Sinorhizobium meliloti, G. mosseae + S. meliloti and non-inoculated). Water-deficit stress decrease cell membrane stability (39%), total Chl (24.05%), carotenoid (35.55%), quantum yield (50.64%) and forage yield (28.20%), while increased the proline and soluble sugars content (68.55 and 46.53% respectively) and osmotic potential (45.84%). The inoculation of seeds increased the capability of the plants in counteracting the stress, so that the production of compatible solutes was increased and the photosynthetic indices, proline, osmotic potential, membrane stability and forage yield were improved by seed inoculation. Mycorrhiza improved photosynthetic indexes and proline, but bacteria had more efficacy on membrane stability and forage yield. However, double inoculation due to the synergistic effect of mycorrhiza and Sinorhizobium, had the greatest effect than Solitary inoculation. Our results suggest that biofertilized alfalfa plants were better adapted than non- biofertilized ones to cope with water deficit.

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