Cell membrane stability and leaf water relations as affected by nitrogen application in maize (Zea mays L.).

SUMMARYFour soyabean cultivars were grown with two N application rates (50 and 300 kg N/ha) in the field at Hiroshima University, Japan, from June to August 1988. Cell membrane stability (CMS) by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) test, leaf water relations and nutrient concentrations in cell sap and leaf tissues were measured when the plants were 50 days old, in the uppermost fully expanded leaves.Cell membrane stability was higher at the higher N rate, the increase over the lower rate being greater in the cultivars Lee+ and Lee–than in Tamahomare and T201. Leaf water potential was not affected by the higher rate of N application. Osmotic adjustment, which was independent of water stress, was observed with the higher rate of N and it was higher in Lee + and Lee–than in Tamahomare and T201. It is suggested that osmotic potential in leaf tissues may influence CMS measured by the PEG test. Solute concentrations in cell sap and leaf tissues were higher at the higher N rate. Sugar and K were the major contributors to osmotic potential.

Download Full-text

Seasonal changes in leaf water relations and cell membrane stability in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600077029 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 121 (2) ◽

pp. 169-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. S. Premachandra ◽

H. Saneoka ◽

K. Fujita ◽

S. Ogata

Keyword(s):

Cell Membrane ◽

Water Potential ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Osmotic Potential ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Membrane Stability ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Leaf Water Relations ◽

Cold Temperatures ◽

Cell Membrane Stability

SUMMARYFifteen cultivars of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were grown in the field at Hiroshima University, Japan, to investigate seasonal changes in leaf water relations and cell membrane stability (CMS) measured by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) test. Leaf water potential and osmotic potential were measured from August 1988 to August 1989. Solute concentration in leaf cell sap was also estimated.Cell membrane stability increased, leaf water potential and osmotic potential decreased and turgor potential increased with decreasing environmental temperatures during autumn and winter. The significant increases observed in CMS may enable plants to tolerate freezing temperatures during winter. Decrease in leaf water potential may be a result of water-deficit effects due to soil freezing at low temperatures and the decrease in osmotic potential may help plants to maintain turgor and tolerate freezing conditions. Plants maintained higher turgor as the osmotic potential decreased to values as low as – 3·98 MPa during winter; the maintenance of turgor helps to maintain water uptake under water deficit conditions at low temperatures.Sugar and K were the major osmotic contributors in orchardgrass leaves. Sugar and Ca concentrations increased and Mg and P concentrations decreased at cold temperatures. K concentration increased in six cultivars and decreased in nine others at cold temperatures. Sugar concentration in cell sap was negatively correlated with osmotic potential. It was concluded that seasonal changes in CMS may be mainly associated with the osmotic potential of the leaf tissues.

Download Full-text

Changes in the vitality, lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxyde content of maize /Zea mays l./ seedlings during controlled accelerated ageing

Agricultural sciences ◽

10.22620/agrisci.2021.29.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (29) ◽

pp. 110-117

Author(s):

Radoslav Chipilski ◽

◽

Albena Pencheva ◽

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Cell Membrane ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Membrane Stability ◽

Accelerated Ageing ◽

Cell Membrane Stability

Seeds from the maize /Zea mays L./ variety Kneja 310 and landrace B0E0170 were subjected to controlled accelerated aging test (AA) for 72 hours and 120 hours at temperature 41±0.5°C and 100.0% air relative humidity. For the control variant, not subjected to the АА test seeds were used. After AA test, all seed variants were germinated and were used for an analysis of germination energy. The emerging coleoptiles were studied for the presence of anti-oxidative response (MDA, hydrogen peroxide, cell membrane stability), and morphological parameters and relative chlorophyll content were assessed as well as. A vegetation pot experiment was performed with the AA-72h variant and 15-day seedlings were morphologically and physiologically assessed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the vitality of the seeds and their stress response to the controlled AA test, which simulated low-temperature storage. The germination rate of seeds and the fresh and dry weight of coleoptiles following ageing treatments were decreased. These results correlated well with the increased accumulation of total hydrogen peroxide and MDA content and the decrease of cell membrane stability. Negative changes were observed in chlorophyll content index, fresh and dry weight and leaf area of 15-day seedlings in pot trial. It was concluded that the controlled accelerated ageing could be used as a model for estimation of seed deterioration in maize after long-term storage.

Download Full-text