scholarly journals Pteridophytes as ecological indicators: an overview

Hoehnea ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Possamai Della ◽  
Daniel de Barcellos Falkenberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
The Real ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Environmental Integrity ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The pteridophytes present a great but poorly explored potential as ecological indicators (EIs), shown only in some sparse studies. Therefore, to analyze this potential, we reviewed published articles, websites, or books with pteridophytes as EIs, searching on five scholar databases and also on Google. We selected 134 studies, conducted in all continents (118 in mainland areas and 16 in islands). Brazil is the country with the highest number of studies (N = 33). In general, several species were considered as EIs in a given study, not only a single. The use of Pteridophytes in these works was classified in seven different types: a) classification of vegetation, soils, environments, and ecosystems (N = 65), b) environmental integrity (or quality) (N = 21), c) disturbance (N = 17), d) regeneration/restoration of habitats and/or ecosystems (N = 10), e) climate changes (N = 10), f) contamination of air, soil, or water (N = 14), and g) association with other groups of organisms (N = 12). The vast majority of these studies merely hypothesized the potential use of the Pteridophytes as EIs, with few presenting helpful criteria for the selection of EIs. Although there is an increasing recognition of the potential use of Pteridophytes as EIs, a more in-depth discussion about the criteria for selecting Pteridophytes as indicators and the real uses of such plants is needed.

scholarly journals Development of an individual-based model for polioviruses: implications of the selection of network type and outcome metrics

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. RAHMANDAD ◽  
K. HU ◽  
R. J. DUINTJER TEBBENS ◽  
K. M. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Outcome Metrics

SUMMARYWe developed an individual-based (IB) model to explore the stochastic attributes of state transitions, the heterogeneity of the individual interactions, and the impact of different network structure choices on the poliovirus transmission process in the context of understanding the dynamics of outbreaks. We used a previously published differential equation-based model to develop the IB model and inputs. To explore the impact of different types of networks, we implemented a total of 26 variations of six different network structures in the IB model. We found that the choice of network structure plays a critical role in the model estimates of cases and the dynamics of outbreaks. This study provides insights about the potential use of an IB model to support policy analyses related to managing the risks of polioviruses and shows the importance of assumptions about network structure.

scholarly journals ДИЗАЙН-ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СУЧАСНИХ СУКОНЬ З ОЗДОБЛЕННЯМ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ТКАНИН

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
К. Л. Пашкевич ◽  
О. В. Єжова ◽  
Т. Ф. Кротова ◽  
Н. Д. Креденець ◽  
Лю Цзянсінь ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Selection Of

To study the specifics of design-projection of clothes with finishing, considering the properties of fabrics. The system approach, as well as the methods of system-structural and morphological analysis, are used. The current collections of women`s clothes, presented by modern designers, have been analyzed; the current fashion trends in manufacturing and finishing of dress fabrics and products, made from such fabrics, have been identified; the classification of types of finishing of clothes has been presented. The frequency of occurrence of different types of finishing in the collections of world-famous designers in 2011 – 2019 has been determined. Physical and mechanical properties of samples of dress fabrics have been studied, in particular: thickness, surface density, abruption characteristics; their interconnections have been identified. The recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the creation of modern women`s dresses using different types of finishing (flat, volumetric) have been developed. The interconnections between physical and mechanical parameters of dress fabrics are identified, and the recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the creation of modern women`s dresses using the finishing based on the tectonic approach are developed. The conducted set of scientific researches on the design-projection of women`s dresses, based on the tectonic approach, and the determination of physical and mechanical parameters of dress fabrics are the basis for the development of recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the manufacturing of dresses with a variety of finishes.

Classification of environmentally induced genetic male sterile lines of rice based on their fertility responses to photoperiod and temperature

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Cheng ◽  
H. M. Si ◽  
L. S. Zhuo ◽  
Z. X. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Line System ◽  
Genetic Male Sterility ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYThe use of environmentally induced genetic male sterile (EGMS) rice could alter the development of hybrid rice from a three-line system to a two-line system. It is critical for the utilization of EGMS rice to determine which are the main environmental factors influencing fertility changes. Fertility responses to photoperiod (P) and temperature (T) were studied in 101 EGMS rice lines under nine controlled regimes combining three photoperiods (15·0, 14·0 and 12·5 h)x three temperatures (30·1, 24·1 and 23·1 °C). According to the variance analysis of seed-setting data, 96% of the total EGMS lines studied could be divided into three types as follows: (1) photoperiod-sensitive genetic male sterility (PGMS) characterized statistically by significant (P < 0·05) P and P × T interaction effects but by a non-significant T effect on fertility, (2) thermosensitive genetic male sterility (TGMS) by a significant T effect, a non-significant P effect and by either a significant or a non-significant P × T interaction effect on fertility, and (3) photo-thermosensitive genetic male sterility (P-TGMS) by only a significant P × T interaction effect on fertility. Among the japonica EGMS lines studied, PGMS, TGMS and P-TGMS accounted for 32·3, 9·7 and 51·6%, respectively. However, among the indica EGMS lines, no PGMS lines were detected and most of them were TGMS or P-TGMS (61·4 and 35·7%, respectively). The results indicate that the selection of indica PGMS lines of rice might be very difficult. The availability of different types of EGMS rice in two-line system hybrid rice is evaluated and the selection of an ideal model of response to photoperiod and temperature for indica EGMS is discussed.

Recognition of personifications in fiction by non-expert readers

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aletta G. Dorst ◽  
Gerben Mulder ◽  
Gerard J. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Selection Of

This paper offers an integrated typology for the classification of personifications in discourse, based on existing methods for linguistic metaphor identification such as MIP (Pragglejaz Group, 2007) and MIPVU (Steen et al., 2010). The psychological relevance of the proposed typology is explored in an empirical study that examines the recognition of personifications in fiction by non-expert readers. A selection of structural properties of personifications is discussed and predictions are formulated regarding which values of which variables are deemed to boost the recognition of personifications. The results suggest that the different types of personification differ in recognizability and that their recognition may be more strongly determined by inherent properties (such as conventionality) than by external factors (such as the presence of a prime). Though the results cannot be unambiguously interpreted, they do indicate some tendencies in the behaviour of non-expert readers and their perceptions of the forms and functions of personification in fiction.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITY OF DETERMINING ARGUMENTATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE ARTICLES: THE CASE OF LATVIAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Dzintra Lele-Rozentāle ◽  
Diāna Laiveniece ◽  
Agnese Dubova ◽  
Baiba Egle
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Selection Of

Argumentation is an essential part of the research process and its linguistic representation. Argumentation, as well as the formation of appropriate wording requires that the author is familiar with different types of argumentation and the experience with their use to substantiate one's thoughts and statements in a proper scientific way. Until now, argumentation as an object of linguistic research in scientific has been widely researched, but in the context of scientific articles in Latvian, it has not been studied at all. This paper explores the possibilities of qualitative analysis of argumentation in order to develop a methodology for determining the presence of argumentation and further linguistic research on it (for example, classification of argumentation by strategy, structure, scope or expansion, etc.). To achieve the intended goal, 20 social science articles (published from 2016–2018) in Latvian have been selected from the fields of political science, economics and business, education, and sociology. These articles were structurally different, 8 articles strictly adhered to IMRaD format, 6 articles partially followed it (mainly the discussion section was missing) while the remaining 6 articles completely ignored the IMRaD format. The selection of articles was done to accept or reject the initial hypothesis that the proportion of argumentation is directly related to the IMRaD structure of the articles. To determine the argumentation, the same research methods that are used in computational linguistics are applied to qualitative research and manual text zone marking is used. The study was intended to obtain and test a universal methodological approach that could be used for future linguistic research in disciplines (mainly humanities and arts) where the IMRaD structure is not used.

Dual stain kit for the microscopic gram classification of ocular infection bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Dale N. Holdren ◽  
Kenneth L. Cohen ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.

Explanatory Power for Medical Expert Systems: Studies in the Representation of Causal Relationships for Clinical Consultations

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Wallis ◽  
E. H. Shortliffe
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Inference Rules ◽  
Medical Expert ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Medical Expert Systems ◽  
Explanation System ◽  
Systems Studies

This paper reports on experiments designed to identify and implement mechanisms for enhancing the explanation capabilities of reasoning programs for medical consultation. The goals of an explanation system are discussed, as is the additional knowledge needed to meet these goals in a medical domain. We have focussed on the generation of explanations that are appropriate for different types of system users. This task requires a knowledge of what is complex and what is important; it is further strengthened by a classification of the associations or causal mechanisms inherent in the inference rules. A causal representation can also be used to aid in refining a comprehensive knowledge base so that the reasoning and explanations are more adequate. We describe a prototype system which reasons from causal inference rules and generates explanations that are appropriate for the user.

Use of photodynamic therapy for photodamage skin (review of literature)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
S. I. Surkichin ◽  
N. V. Gryazeva ◽  
L. S. Kholupova ◽  
N. V. Bochkova
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Photosensitizing Agents ◽  
Selection Of

The article provides an overview of the use of photodynamic therapy for photodamage of the skin. The causes, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of skin photodamage are considered. The definition, principle of action of photodynamic therapy, including the sources of light used, the classification of photosensitizers and their main characteristics are given. Analyzed studies that show the effectiveness and comparative evaluation in the selection of various light sources and photosensitizing agents for photodynamic therapy in patients with clinical manifestations of photodamage.

Philosophcal review of h. white̕s tropological theory in the context of the new philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (152) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. M. Geiko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Lauta
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Nature ◽  
Selection Of

The article provides a philosophical analysis of the tropological theory of the history of H. White. The researcher claims that history is a specific kind of literature, and the historical works is the connection of a certain set of research and narrative operations. The first type of operation answers the question of why the event happened this way and not the other. The second operation is the social description, the narrative of events, the intellectual act of organizing the actual material. According to H. White, this is where the set of ideas and preferences of the researcher begin to work, mainly of a literary and historical nature. Explanations are the main mechanism that becomes the common thread of the narrative. The are implemented through using plot (romantic, satire, comic and tragic) and trope systems – the main stylistic forms of text organization (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony). The latter decisively influenced for result of the work historians. Historiographical style follows the tropological model, the selection of which is determined by the historian’s individual language practice. When the choice is made, the imagination is ready to create a narrative. Therefore, the historical understanding, according to H. White, can only be tropological. H. White proposes a new methodology for historical research. During the discourse, adequate speech is created to analyze historical phenomena, which the philosopher defines as prefigurative tropological movement. This is how history is revealed through the art of anthropology. Thus, H. White’s tropical history theory offers modern science f meaningful and metatheoretically significant. The structure of concepts on which the classification of historiographical styles can be based and the predictive function of philosophy regarding historical knowledge can be refined.

Using clusterization principles for the selection of repair sections of main oil pipelines based on diagnostic data

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
R.M. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Distance Functions ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Classification Of Images ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline ◽  
Selection Of

The problem of determining the repair sections of the main oil pipeline is solved, basing on the classification of images using distance functions and the clustering principle, The criteria characterizing the cluster are determined by certain given values, based on a comparison with which the defect is assigned to a given cluster, procedures for the redistribution of defects in cluster zones are provided, and the cluster zones parameters are being changed. Calculations are demonstrating the range of defect density variation depending on pipeline sections and the universal capabilities of linear objects configuration with arbitrary density, provided by cluster analysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document