Maternal factors and infant and child mortality in Bangladesh

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Kashem Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Age At Birth

SummaryMultivariate analysis of the effects of maternal age at birth, birth order and the preceding birth interval on mortality risks in early childhood, using data from the Bangladesh Fertility Survey, 1975–76, confirms that the length of the preceding birth interval is the most influential single factor. But the lower mortality risks among infants and children of educated mothers are due neither to the age at which childbearing was initiated nor to the spacing between births.

Voluntary sterilisation among Canadian women

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret De Wit ◽  
Fernando Rajulton
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Religious Commitment ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Using Data

SummaryUsing data from the 1984 Canadian Fertility Survey, proportional hazards modelling was employed to determine factors associated with the likelihood of voluntary sterilisation among 5315 women of childbearing age, and the trends in timing and differences in the likelihood associated with different age cohorts. Multivariate analysis suggests that educational attainment, parity and duration since last birth at the time of sterilisation, religious commitment, province of residence and marital status at the time of sterilisation, are all important predictors. Education and parity attainment emerged as the best predictors of the timing of voluntary sterilisation in all age cohorts, but the contribution of other covariates varies between cohorts.

Demographic and Maternal Correlates of Infant and Child Mortality in Bangladesh

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Edmonston
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Subsequent Birth ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Infant And Child Health ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Health Programmes

SummaryThis paper analyses the influence of maternal factors (mother's age, parity, prior birth interval, and subsequent birth interval) on mortality risk for 2150 Bangladeshi infants and children, taking the sex and age of the child into account. Logistic regression estimates from retrospective maternal birth histories for the period 1966–75 reveal age and sex patterns consistent with previous research. These estimates also demonstrate that there are associations with mother's age and parity, but that prior birth interval emerges as the strongest predictor of mortality risk. It appears that part of the mortality risk of mother's age and parity actually stems from association with shorter prior birth interval, a factor to which infant and child health programmes need to give more attention.

Effectiveness of contraception in Belgium: results of the Second National Fertility Survey, 1971 (NEGO II)

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Cliquet ◽  
R. Schoenmaeckers ◽  
L. Klinkenborg
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sample Spacing ◽  
Contraceptive Effectiveness ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
Reliable Methods

SummaryThe percentage of accidental pregnancies, the Pearl pregnancy rate and the life-table method have all been used to study the effectiveness of contraception in Belgium, using data from the Second National Fertility Survey (1971), which covered 3397 Belgian women in the age group 30–34 years. Though all three methods yield generally similar results, it is only by using the third method that we can obtain in an optimum way changes in contraceptive effectiveness by birth order and birth interval.Generally, contraceptive effectiveness is low, the cumulative failure rate for the first 12 months of all intervals amounting to 18%. This holds even for intrinsically extremely reliable methods, such as the pill (4%). The efficiency of contraception, however, improves with increasing duration of marriage. This is attributable not only to a shift towards more effective methods, but also to a better application of less reliable methods, such as withdrawal. It remains questionable whether the increase in effectiveness, especially of a method such as withdrawal, is not partially based on induced abortion.The findings also clearly reveal the dual aspect of the contraceptive behaviour in the sample: spacing until desired family size is achieved, and prevention thereafter.The efficiency of contraception decreases with increasing family size, whatever birth interval is considered.

INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY DETERMINANTS IN BANGLADESH: ARE THEY CHANGING?

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABUL KASHEM MAJUMDER ◽  
MARIAN MAY ◽  
PRAKASH DEV PANT
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Index Child ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Survival Status ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality

From the data of the 1989 Bangladesh Fertility Survey, aggregate deaths reported at ages 0-12 and 13-60 months are used to estimate infant and child mortality. Multivariate analysis shows that preceding birth interval length, followed by survival status of the immediately preceding child, are the most important factors associated with differential infant and child mortality risks; sex of the index child and mother's and father's education are also significant. Demographic factors are influential during infancy as well as childhood, but social factors, particularly mother's and father's education, now emerge as significant predictors of infant mortality risks. This indicates a change in the role of socioeconomic factors, since the earlier Bangladesh Fertility Survey in 1975.

Factors affecting infant and child mortality

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun L. Adlakha ◽  
C. M. Suchindran
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Infant Loss ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Using Data

SummaryThis paper examines the determinants of infant and child mortality variations in four near east countries using data from WFS surveys. The analysis considers biological correlates of mortality—mother's age, birth order, birth interval, and previous infant loss—and several social factors—mother's and father's education, mother's residence, father's occupation, and mother's work experience since marriage. A multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model is carried out to obtain the net effect of each factor on mortality. Separate models are constructed for infant mortality and childhood mortality and for each country.The four countries show large variations in mortality, but this is persistently higher in female than male children. All four demographic characteristics affect mortality significantly, especially the length of the preceding birth interval. Among the socioeconomic variables, only rural–urban residence is influential.

scholarly journals Impact of high-risk fertility behaviours on underfive mortality in Asia and Africa: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafi Amir-ud-Din ◽  
Lubna Naz ◽  
Aneela Rubi ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Umesh Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Index Child ◽  
Underfive Mortality ◽  
Age At Birth

Abstract Background Maternal age < 18 or > 34 years, short inter-pregnancy birth interval, and higher birth order are considered to be high-risk fertility behaviours (HRFB). Underfive mortality being disproportionately concentrated in Asia and Africa, this study analyses the association between HRFB and underfive mortality in selected Asian and African countries. Methods This study used Integrated Public Microdata Series-Demographic and Health Surveys (IPUMS-DHS) data from 32 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East, North Africa and South Asia from 1986 to 2017 (N = 1,467,728). Previous evidence hints at four markers of HRFB: women’s age at birth of index child < 18 or > 34 years, preceding birth interval < 24 months and child’s birth order > 3. Using logistic regression, we analysed change in the odds of underfive mortality as a result of i) exposure to HRFB individually, ii) exposure to any single HRFB risk factor, iii) exposure to multiple HRFB risk factors, and iv) exposure to specific combinations of HRFB risk factors. Results Mother’s age at birth of index child < 18 years and preceding birth interval (PBI) < 24 months were significant risk factors of underfive mortality, while a child’s birth order > 3 was a protective factor. Presence of any single HRFB was associated with 7% higher risk of underfive mortality (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.04–1.09). Presence of multiple HRFBs was associated with 39% higher risk of underfive mortality (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.36–1.43). Some specific combinations of HRFB such as maternal age < 18 years and preceding birth interval < 24 month significantly increased the odds of underfive mortality (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.88–2.28). Conclusion Maternal age < 18 years and short preceding birth interval significantly increase the risk of underfive mortality. This highlights the need for an effective legislation to curb child marriages and increased public investment in reproductive healthcare with a focus on higher contraceptive use for optimal birth spacing.

Infant and child mortality in Pakistan—some trends and differentials

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeba A. Sathar
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
First Order ◽  
Child Education ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
And Migration

SummaryData from reproductive histories collected in the Population, Labour Force and Migration Survey of 1979 are used to analyse trends and differentials in infant and child mortality in Pakistan. Comparisons with the Pakistan Fertility Survey findings are also presented. Whereas levels differ substantially across the two surveys, trends and differentials are generally similar. Infant–child mortality seems to have declined until the mid-1960s, stabilized for some years and even risen slightly in the latest period of the two surveys.Neonatal mortality is responsible for a high proportion of deaths under age 1 and is particularly high for first order births and children born to very young or very old mothers. Higher infant and childhood mortality are also related to these factors and also to a shorter preceding birth interval, the early death of the preceding child and sex of the child. Education of mother and residence were also found to be critical determinants of infant and child mortality.

Effect of birth spacing on infant and child mortality in rural Nepal

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhakta B. Gubhaju
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Maternal Child Health ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Previous Birth ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Health Project ◽  
Rural Nepal

SummaryThis examination of the effect of birth spacing on infant and child mortality in rural Nepal is based on data from the Nepal Fertility Survey 1976 carried out by the Nepal Family Planning and Maternal Child Health Project in collaboration with the World Fertility Survey. The study confirms that the higher risk of infant death to first-born children is mainly due to the higher proportions of younger women having first births, rather than due to their being first order births per se. The effect of maternal age on infant and child mortality is largely associated with birth interval. Previous birth interval, therefore, stands out as the most important factor affecting infant mortality; the next most important factor is the survival of the preceding child.

Infant and child mortality in Bangladesh

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruhul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Logit Analysis ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Independent Effects

SummarySocioeconomic differences and trends in infant and child mortality in Bangladesh are examined using data from the 1975 World Fertility Survey and 1979 Contraceptive Prevalence Survey. There is evidence of some recent decline in infant and child mortality. Logit analysis of infant and child mortality indicates that sociodemographic variables such as mother's education, recent period, or higher birth orders, had significant independent effects upon the reduction of infant and child mortality. Other variables such as fetal loss, father's education, or land ownership had no consistent significant effect of upon infant and child mortality. On the other hand, the effect of urban residence on infant and child mortality was positive after the control of the sociodemographic variables. Mere concentration on the supply of modern medical services may bring limited returns unless they are reinforced by appropriate social changes, in particular those affecting the socioeconomic status of women.

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