CAUSES OF NEONATAL MORTALITY IN SPAIN (1975–98): INFLUENCE OF SEX, RURAL–URBAN RESIDENCE AND AGE AT DEATH

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERÓNICA ALONSO ◽  
VICENTE FUSTER ◽  
FRANCISCO LUNA
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Preterm Born

Neonatal mortality during the first week of life, corresponding to the years 1975–1998, was studied in Spain. The first week of life is the time in which the highest number of deaths occur. The temporal decrease of the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) was modelled according to log10(NMR+1)= 2·784−0·023 per year. This decline cannot be explained by an increase in the mean birth weight (MBW=23440·835−10·107 g per year). From the most frequent of the causes of death to the least were: congenital anomalies, preterm born or low birth weight, respiratory problems, pregnancy difficulties, hypoxaemia/asphyxia, delivery difficulties and infectious diseases. This sequence changed when the specific age at death was considered. The NMR descended evenly for both sexes for the causes indicated above, except for preterm born or low birth weight, in which the male mortality decrease was greater since its rate was more elevated at the beginning of the period studied. For all the causes listed, NMR was more elevated both in urban areas and for males. Early neonatal mortality (first 24 hours) was higher for pregnancy difficulties, preterm born or low birth weight, congenital anomalies and hypoxaemia/asphyxia.

scholarly journals STATUS OF MEDICAL CARE FOR NEWBORNS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4(38)) ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Y. Antypkin ◽  
T. Znamenska ◽  
R. Marushko ◽  
E. Dudina ◽  
V. Lapshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Postpartum Woman ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality

Introduction. In the context of continuing depopulation, and low birth rate, the formation and preservation of newborn generations’ health is the most important medical and social task and one of the main activities of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and local health care institutions. The aim of the study was to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of medical care for newborns in Ukraine and its impact on the main indicators of newborns’ health. Materials and research methods. A retrospective analysis and assessment of the dynamics of neonatal care in Ukraine was carried out according to state and industry statistics, perinatal audit according to the method of WHO “MATRIX - BABIES” for the period 2001-2019, monitoring and evaluation of the regionalization of perinatal care (for 2014-2017). Methods of a systematic approach, bibliographic, statistical data processing, and graphic representation were applied. Results of the study: the study showed that during the period of the research a  number of newborns born in the facilities of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine decreased from 387900 in 2000 to 294100 in 2019, with a negative trend in the generalized objective criterion of the generation’s health and socio-economic well-being of the population - frequency of premature newborns with low birth weight  including those with extremely low birth weight. At the same time, the frequency of newborns with congenital diseases or those who got sick after birth, decreased from 280.8 per 1000 live births in 2000 to 172.14 in 2019 with the wave-like nature of its dynamics. The existing state system of three-level neonatal care integrated into the perinatal service makes it possible to provide basic, qualified and highly qualified specialized medical care for newborns at all stages of its provision. During the observation period, the provision of newborns with pediatrician-neonatologists increased from 4.58 per 1000 live births to 5.34, and with hospital beds for premature and sick newborns - from 5.62 to 6.91, respectively. A slight increasing trend of significant criterion of newborns’ health condition was achieved (99.36% in 2001 vs 99.7% in 2019) along with the activities of the neonatological service in survival of newborns in the first 168 hours of life mainly due to a 2.6-fold increase in the survival of newborns with a birth weight of 500-999g. Sufficient efficiency of medical care for newborns was confirmed by a positive trend in early neonatal mortality from 4.71 ‰ in 2000 to 3.04 ‰ in 2019 and neonatal mortality from 6.65 ‰ to 4.57 ‰, respectively. At the same time, the increase of newborns’ incidence with diseases that have a direct impact on the development of chronic and disabling diseases is a cause for concern: cases of congenital pneumonia increased from 3.18 ‰ in 2000 to 5.46 ‰ in 2019, of neonatal sepsis - from 0.09 ‰ to 0.74 ‰, respectively. Also other disorders of newborns’ cerebral status increased from 18.5 ‰ in 2010 to 28.5 ‰, and neonatal jaundice -  from 31.11 ‰ in 2015 to 43.65 ‰. An excess in 1.5 times of the standard recommended by the WHO of the proportional indicator of early neonatal mortality was revealed among infants weighing more than 1500 g. The excess of the real indicator of early neonatal mortality over the actual one was 2.2-2.3 times, which meant underestimation of the total rate of neonatal and infant mortality. Conclusions. Further improvement of the effectiveness of neonatal care and the decrease of early neonatal and neonatal mortality levels requires continued regionalization of perinatal care, completion of the perinatal care centers of the third level, revision and provision of patient routes, development and provision of state-guaranteed medical services/standards (such as a standard of child’s safety, safety of pregnant and postpartum woman), the reliability of determining body weight at birth, criteria for live birth and stillbirth, the introduction of follow-up monitoring of low-birth-weight newborns, the formation of a unified system for monitoring the activities of the maternal and child health services.

scholarly journals Mortality in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Neonates in México City (1985–2009)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Iglesias-Leboreiro ◽  
Isabel Bernardez-Zapata ◽  
José Ramírez-Haua ◽  
Rocco González-Morán ◽  
Mario Enrique Rendón-Macías
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Elbw Neonates

Objective. To analyze 25 years of mortality of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) neonates (≤1000 g) in a private hospital in Mexico City and to establish the current viability limit for ELBW neonates.Methods. We designed a prospective observational study of all ELBW neonates born between 1985 and 2009. Neonatal mortality, early neonatal mortality, and the 120-day mortality rate were analyzed in 5-year intervals by two categories of birth weight (501–750 g and 751–1000 g).Results. Among the 50,823 total births, 158 were ELBW (3.1 per 103). Neonatal mortality (death ≤28 days) decreased for the 501–750 g neonates from 88.9% (1985–1989) to 55.6% (2005–1999) (P=.008) and for 751–1000 g neonates also decreased from 50% to 5.3% (P=.002). The 120-day mortality for neonates over 500 g diminished: 501–750 g neonates, 88.9% to 61.1% (P=.02) and for 751–1000 g neonates, 62.5% to 15.8% (P=.002). The highest viability limit was established in neonates who weighed ≥650 g and were ≥26 weeks in gestational age.Conclusions. The survival of ELBW neonates has improved in Mexico particularly in private hospitals, and it was more evident over the years 2004–2009. These data suggest that it is possible to increase the ELBW neonates survive in developing counties.

Survival and predictors of early neonatal death in neonatal intensive care unit of Mekelle general and Ayder comprehensive specialized hospitals, Northern Ethiopia, 2018: prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrehet Hadera Kahsay ◽  
Haftom Temesgen Abebe ◽  
Letekirstos Gebreegziabher Gebretsadik ◽  
Tesfay Hailu Tekle
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality

Abstract Background: Early neonatal mortality refers to deaths of neonates between 0 and 6 days of life. This contributes three-quarters of neonatal deaths globally. Its predictors vary by country with the availability and quality of health care, which was chosen as the measure of mortality and remains a global public health concern especially in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. So the aim of this study is to determine incidence, median survival time and to identify the predictors of early neonatal mortality.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Mekelle general and Ayder comprehensive specialized hospitals, Tigray, Ethiopia from January to March, 2018. Data were collected from 253 newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit by interviewing mothers using structured questionnaires and followed for seven completed days of life (day 0 to 6).Kaplan Meier curves were used to estimate survival time, Log-rank test was used to look statistical differences among/between the categories of variables and Cox regression model was used to identify potential predictors of early neonatal deaths. The analysis was conducted using a computer program Stata version 12.Results: Overall, in this study 32 (12.65%) neonates died which makes the early neonatal mortality rate 126.5 per 1000 live births. The median survival time of early neonates was 2 days. Predictors of early neonatal mortality were very low birth weight (AHR= 3.02; 95 % CI: 1.11, 8.25) and preterm birth (AHR=3.7; 95 % CI: 1.22, 11.188). Conclusion: This study shows high incidences of early neonatal mortality. Very low birth weight and preterm birth were major predictors for early neonatal mortality. Managing complications of preterm and very low birth weight, preventing preterm delivery and improving quality of services and ensuring a continuum of care are recommended to increase survival of early neonate

scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of determinants of neonatal mortality in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duah Dwomoh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Ghana did not meet the Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing child mortality by two-thirds and may not meet SDG (2030). There is a need to direct scarce resources to mitigate the impact of the most important risk factors influencing high neonatal deaths. This study applied both spatial and non-spatial regression models to explore the differential impact of environmental, maternal, and child associated risk factors on neonatal deaths in Ghana. Methods The study relied on data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) and the Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS) conducted between 1998 and 2017 among 49,908 women of reproductive age and 31,367 children under five (GDHS-1998 = 3298, GDHS-2003 = 3844, GDHS-2008 = 2992, GDHS-2014 = 5884, GMHS-2017 = 15,349). Spatial Autoregressive Models that account for spatial autocorrelation in the data at the cluster-level and non-spatial statistical models with appropriate sampling weight adjustment were used to study factors associated with neonatal deaths, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Population density, multiple births, smaller household sizes, high parity, and low birth weight significantly increased the risk of neonatal deaths over the years. Among mothers who had multiple births, the risk of having neonatal deaths was approximately four times as high as the risk of neonatal deaths among mothers who had only single birth [aRR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.63–7.17, p < 0.05]. Neonates who were perceived by their mothers to be small were at a higher risk of neonatal death compared to very large neonates [aRR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p < 0.05]. A unit increase in the number of children born to a woman of reproductive age was associated with a 49% increased risk in neonatal deaths [aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30–1.69, p < 0.05]. Conclusion Neonatal mortality in Ghana remains relatively high, and the factors that predisposed children to neonatal death were birth size that were perceived to be small, low birth weight, higher parity, and multiple births. Improving pregnant women’s nutritional patterns and providing special support to women who have multiple deliveries will reduce neonatal mortality in Ghana.

Leminorella sepsis in very low birth weight neonate as cause of neonatal mortality

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1057-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Ankur Patel ◽  
Priyanka Soni ◽  
Sweta Shastri ◽  
Ravinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Weight Neonate

scholarly journals Investigation of Metronidazole Use during Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 4800-4805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Koss ◽  
Dana C. Baras ◽  
Sandra D. Lane ◽  
Richard Aubry ◽  
Michele Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
New York State ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

ABSTRACTTo assess whether treatment with metronidazole during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, or major congenital anomalies, we conducted chart reviews and an analysis of electronic data from a cohort of women delivering at an urban New York State hospital. Of 2,829 singleton/mother pairs, 922 (32.6%) mothers were treated with metronidazole for clinical indications, 348 (12.3%) during the first trimester of pregnancy and 553 (19.5%) in the second or third trimester. There were 333 (11.8%) preterm births, 262 (9.3%) infants of low birth weight, and 52 infants (1.8%) with congenital anomalies. In multivariable analysis, no association was found between metronidazole treatment and preterm birth (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.32]), low birth weight (OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.43]), or treatment in the first trimester and congenital anomalies (OR, 0.86 [0.30 to 2.45]). We found no association between metronidazole treatment during the first or later trimesters of pregnancy and preterm birth, low birth weight, or congenital anomalies.

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