scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of determinants of neonatal mortality in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duah Dwomoh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Ghana did not meet the Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing child mortality by two-thirds and may not meet SDG (2030). There is a need to direct scarce resources to mitigate the impact of the most important risk factors influencing high neonatal deaths. This study applied both spatial and non-spatial regression models to explore the differential impact of environmental, maternal, and child associated risk factors on neonatal deaths in Ghana. Methods The study relied on data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) and the Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS) conducted between 1998 and 2017 among 49,908 women of reproductive age and 31,367 children under five (GDHS-1998 = 3298, GDHS-2003 = 3844, GDHS-2008 = 2992, GDHS-2014 = 5884, GMHS-2017 = 15,349). Spatial Autoregressive Models that account for spatial autocorrelation in the data at the cluster-level and non-spatial statistical models with appropriate sampling weight adjustment were used to study factors associated with neonatal deaths, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Population density, multiple births, smaller household sizes, high parity, and low birth weight significantly increased the risk of neonatal deaths over the years. Among mothers who had multiple births, the risk of having neonatal deaths was approximately four times as high as the risk of neonatal deaths among mothers who had only single birth [aRR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.63–7.17, p < 0.05]. Neonates who were perceived by their mothers to be small were at a higher risk of neonatal death compared to very large neonates [aRR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p < 0.05]. A unit increase in the number of children born to a woman of reproductive age was associated with a 49% increased risk in neonatal deaths [aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30–1.69, p < 0.05]. Conclusion Neonatal mortality in Ghana remains relatively high, and the factors that predisposed children to neonatal death were birth size that were perceived to be small, low birth weight, higher parity, and multiple births. Improving pregnant women’s nutritional patterns and providing special support to women who have multiple deliveries will reduce neonatal mortality in Ghana.

Low Birth Weight and Neonatal Mortality: Meta Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvalia Rahma Pratiwi ◽  
◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
Bhisma Murti ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Low birth weight (LBW) has been used as an important public health indicator. LBW is one of the key drivers and indirect causes of neonatal death. It contributes to 60% to 80% of all neonatal deaths, annually. This study aimed to examine association between LBW and neonatal mortality using meta analysis. Subjects and Methods: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. Published articles in 2010-2020 were collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, Hindawi, Clinical Key, ProQuest databases. Keywords used “low birth weight” AND “mortality” OR “birth weight mortality” OR “neonatal death” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted ratio. The data were analyzed by PRISMA flow chart and Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies were met criteria. This study showed that low birth weight increased the risk of neonatal mortality (aOR= 2.23; 95% CI= 1.12 to 4.44; p= 0.02). Conclusion: Low birth weight increases the risk of neonatal mortality. Keywords: low birth weight, mortality, neonatal death Correspondence: Silvalia Rahma Pratiwi. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082324820288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.113

scholarly journals Low Neonatal Mortality and High Incidence of Infectious Diseases in a Vietnamese Province Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Binh T. T. Ho ◽  
Alexandra Y. Kruse ◽  
Hue T. H. Le ◽  
Phuong N. Cam ◽  
Freddy K. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Deaths

Background. Neonatal deaths constitute the majority of child mortality in Vietnam, but studies are scarce and focus on community settings.Methods. During a 12-month period, all sick neonates admitted to a pediatric department in a province hospital were studied. Potential risk factors of death covering sociodemographic factors, pregnancy history, previous neonatal period, and status on admission were registered. The neonates were followed up until discharge or death or until 28 completed days of age if still hospitalized or until withdrawal of life support. The main outcome was neonatal death.Results. The neonatal mortality was 4.6% (50/1094). In a multivariate analysis, four associated risk factors of death were extremely low birth weight (OR=22.9(2.3–233.4)), no cry at birth (OR=3.5(1.3–9.4)), and cyanosis (OR=3.3(1.2–8.7)) and shock (OR=12.3(2.5–61.5)) on admission. The major discharge diagnoses were infection, prematurity, congenital malformations, and asphyxia in 88.5% (936/1058), 21.3% (225/1058), 5.0% (53/1058), and 4.6% (49/1058), respectively. In 36, a discharge diagnosis was not registered.Conclusion. Infection was the main cause of neonatal morbidity. Asphyxia and congenital malformations were diagnosed less frequently. The neonatal mortality was 4.6%. No sociodemographic factors were associated with death. Extreme low birth weight, no cry at birth, and cyanosis or shock at admission were associated with death.

scholarly journals Low Birth Weight Prevalence in Children Diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Dubai

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110317
Author(s):  
Faisal A. Nawaz ◽  
Meshal A. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of low birth weight and other perinatal risk factors in children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders. This is one of the first studies in the Arabian Gulf region focused on the contribution of these factors toward the development of various disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and other mental disorders. This descriptive study was based on qualitative data analysis. We reviewed retrospective information from the electronic medical records of 692 patients in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The prevalence of low birth weight in children with mental disorders was significantly higher as compared to the general population (16% vs 6% respectively). Furthermore, other risk factors, including high birth weight and preterm birth were noted to have a significant association with neurodevelopmental disorders. Future research on the impact of perinatal risk factors will contribute to advancement of early intervention guidelines.

scholarly journals A profile on the spectrum of neonatal mortality and morbidity pattern of extramural neonates in the Specialised Neonatal Care Unit (SNCU) in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha D. ◽  
Rajesh Kumar S. ◽  
Aravind M. A. ◽  
Jayakumar M. ◽  
J. Ganesh J.
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Deaths

Background: Every year, nearly four million newborn babies die in the first month of life. India carries the single largest share (around 25-30%) of neonatal deaths in the world. Neonatal deaths constitute two thirds of infant deaths in India. 45% of the deaths occur within the first two days of life. It has been estimated that about 70% of neonatal deaths could be prevented if proven interventions are implemented effectively at the appropriate time. It was further estimated that health facility-based interventions can reduce neonatal mortality by 23-50% in different settings. Facility-based newborn care, thus, has a significant potential for improving the survival of newborns in India. This research has been planned with an aim to study the profile of pattern of admissions in a SNCU and their outcomes following admission and management in the unit.Methods: All babies referred for neonatal problems (less than 28 days) and admitted in NICU will be included. Both term and preterm babies will be considered. The criteria for admission includes various causes like low birth weight, preterm, birth asphyxia, respiratory distress, hyperbilirubinemia, congenital anomalies, risk factors (maternal, neonatal, prenatal), infections and outcome will be analysed.Results: Among the 2927 admissions term babies and boys outnumbered. The common causes for admission were birth asphyxia, respiratory distress, low birthweight and preterm. Most babies had an uncomplicated stay. The mortality in the extramural neonates was due to neonatal sepsis, extreme preterm and congenital malformations.Conclusions: Intensive and interventional management, along with good neonatal monitoring and care can reduce the mortality and improve the survival of low birth weight babies and other treatable problems. Thus, a combined effort of management by pediatricians, nursing care, neonatal intensive care unit can improve the survival rates of neonates.

scholarly journals Low and very low birth weight in puppies: definitions, risk factors and survival in a large-scale population

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Mugnier ◽  
Sylvie Chastant-Maillard ◽  
Hanna Mila ◽  
Faouzi Lyazrhi ◽  
Florine Guiraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Operating Characteristics

Abstract Background Neonatal mortality (over the first three weeks of life) is a major concern in canine breeding facilities as an economic and welfare issue. Since low birth weight (LBW) dramatically increases the risk of neonatal death, the risk factors of occurrence need to be identified together with the chances and determinants of survival of newborns at-risk. Results Data from 4971 puppies from 10 breeds were analysed. Two birth weight thresholds regarding the risk of neonatal mortality were identified by breed, using respectively Receiver Operating Characteristics and Classification and Regression Tree method. Puppies were qualified as LBW and very low birth weight (VLBW) when their birth weight value was respectively between the two thresholds and lower than the two thresholds. Mortality rates were 4.2, 8.8 and 55.3%, in the normal, LBW and VLBW groups, accounting for 48.7, 47.9 and 3.4% of the included puppies, respectively. A separate binary logistic regression approach allowed to identify breed, gender and litter size as determinants of LBW. The increase in litter size and being a female were associated with a higher risk for LBW. Survival for LBW puppies was reduced in litters with at least one stillborn, compared to litters with no stillborn, and was also reduced when the dam was more than 6 years old. Concerning VLBW puppies, occurrence and survival were influenced by litter size. Surprisingly, the decrease in litter size was a risk factor for VLBW and also reduced their survival. The results of this study suggest that VLBW and LBW puppies are two distinct populations. Moreover, it indicates that events and factors affecting intrauterine growth (leading to birth weight reduction) also affect their ability to adapt to extrauterine life. Conclusion These findings could help veterinarians and breeders to improve the management of their facility and more specifically of LBW puppies. Possible recommendations would be to only select for reproduction dams of optimal age and to pay particular attention to LBW puppies born in small litters. Further studies are required to understand the origin of LBW in dogs.

scholarly journals Comparing regional neonatal mortality rates: the influence of registration of births as live born for birth weight <500 g in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000526
Author(s):  
Liang-Yi Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Chang ◽  
Fu-Wen Liang ◽  
Yung-Chieh Lin ◽  
Yuh-Jyh Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo investigate regional variation in the registration of births (still+live) as live born for birth weight <500 g and the impact on the city/county ranking of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Taiwan.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional ecological study.Setting20 cities/counties in Taiwan.ParticipantsRegistered births for birth weight <500 g and neonatal deaths in 2015–2016.Main outcome measuresCity/county percentage of births <500 g registered as live born and ranking of city/county NMR (deaths per 1000 live births) including and excluding live births <500 g.ResultsThe percentage of births <500 g registered as live born ranged from 0% in Keelung City (0/26) and Penghu County (0/4) to 20% in Taipei City (112/558), 24% in Hsinchu County (5/21) and 28% in Hualien County (9/32). The change in city/county ranking of NMR from including to excluding live births <500 g was most prominent in Taipei City (from the 15th to the 1st) followed by Kaohsiung City (from the 18th to the 14th).ConclusionsThe city/county NMR in Taiwan is influenced by variation in the registration of live born for births with uncertain viability. We recommend presenting city/county NMR using both criteria (with or without minimum threshold of gestation period or birth weight) for better interpretation of the findings of comparisons of city/county NMR.

MID-ARM CIRCUMFERENCE AT BIRTH AS PREDICTOR OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND NEONATAL MORTALITY

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
FARID UDDIN AHMED ◽  
ENAMUL KARIM ◽  
SYEDA NURJAHAN BHUIYAN
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Arm Circumference

In Bangladesh, like other developing countries, most births occur at home or in the community, so logistic problems and taboos prevent the weighing of every newborn child. This study was performed to see whether other simpler measurements could be substituted for weight to identify neonates of low birth weight. A total of 1676 live births at the Chittagong Medical College Hospital constituted the study sample, and this showed a high correlation between mid-arm circumference and birth weight (r=0.792, p<0·000). A mid-arm circumference of <9·0 cm had the best sensitivity and specificity for identifying newborns with a birth weight of less than 2500 g. These neonates were followed up to record neonatal deaths. Neonatal mortality showed an inverse relation with mid-arm circumference. A mid-arm circumference of <9·0 cm and a birth weight of <2500 g were equally useful in predicting neonatal outcome. Mid-arm circumference is a simple, quick and reliable indicator for predicting low birth weight and neonatal outcome, and can be easily measured by medical practitioners and traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in the community of developing countries like Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Infection remains a leading cause of neonatal mortality among infants delivered at a tertiary hospital in Karachi, Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1470-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ayaz Mustufa ◽  
Razia Korejo ◽  
Anjum Shahid ◽  
Sadia Nasim
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Normal Birth

Introduction: The current cohort study was conducted to determine the frequency and compare the mortality rate with associated characteristics among low birth weight and normal birth weight infants during the neonatal period at a tertiary healthcare facility, Karachi. Methodology: Close-ended structured questionnaires were used to collect information from the parents of 500 registered neonates at the time of birth. Follow-ups by phone on the 28th day of life were done to determine the mortality among low birth weight and normal birth weight babies during the neonatal period. Results: The neonatal mortality rate ranged from as low as 2.4% in the normal birth weight and 16.4% in the low birth weight categories to as high as 96% in the very low birth weight category. Respiratory distress syndrome (24.2%) and sepsis (18.2%) were reported as the leading causes of neonatal deaths. The babies’ lengths of stay ranged from 2 to 24 hours, and around 90% of neonatal deaths were reported in the first seven days of life. More than 6% of neonates died at home, and 7.6% of the deceased babies did not visit any healthcare facility or doctor before their death. In the 12–15 hours before their deaths, 13.6% of the deceased babies had been unattended. Around 90% of the deceased babies were referred from a doctor or healthcare facility. Conclusions: The present estimates of neonatal mortality are very high among low birth weight and very low birth weight categories. Infectious diseases, including respiratory distress syndrome (24.2%) and sepsis (18.2%), were leading causes of neonatal deaths.

scholarly journals Early neonatal mortality rate and the risk factors in Wangaya hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Made Lndah Nastiti Utami Budha ◽  
Wayan Retayasa ◽  
Made Kardana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality Rate

Background The first week of life of a neonate is a critical period.In Asia, early neonatal mortality rate remains high.Objective To investigate early neonatal mortality rate and the riskfactors in Wangaya Hospital.Methods A cross sectional study was carried out retrospectivelyon neonates registered at Perinatology Unit, Wangaya HospitalDenpasar, Bali since January 2006. The study was done fromOctober to November 2007. Data was obtained from medicalrecord, analyzed as univariate using chi-square test or Fisher'sexact test and multivariate logistic regression analysis model.Results Early neonatal mortality rate in Wangaya Hospital was 38.7per 1000 livebirths. Univariate analyses showed that there werefive significant risk factors of early neonatal death, i.e., respiratorydistress, asphyxia, birth weight less than 2500 grams, sepsis, andgestational age less than 3 7 weeks. Multivariate analysis showedthat those five variables were significant as risk factors of earlyneonatal death i.e., OR (95% confidence interval) for respiratorydistress: 16.8 (3.7 to 76.6)], asphyxia: 13.5 (6.1 to 29.9)], birthweight <2500 grams: 8.1 (3.3 to 19.9)], sepsis: 7.3 (3.1 to 17.1),and gestational age <37 weeks: 3.5 (1.6 to 7.8)].Conclusions Early neonatal mortality rate in Wangaya Hospitalremains high. Respiratory distress, asphyxia, birth weight <2500gram, sepsis, and gestational age <37 weeks were independent riskfactors of early neonatal death.

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