IQ AND SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACROSS REGIONS OF THE UK

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Carl
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Flynn Effect ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
External Migration

SummaryCross-regional correlations between average IQ and socioeconomic development have been documented in many different countries. This paper presents new IQ estimates for the twelve regions of the UK. These are weakly correlated (r=0.24) with the regional IQs assembled by Lynn (1979). Assuming the two sets of estimates are accurate and comparable, this finding suggests that the relative IQs of different UK regions have changed since the 1950s, most likely due to differentials in the magnitude of the Flynn effect, the selectivity of external migration, the selectivity of internal migration or the strength of the relationship between IQ and fertility. The paper provides evidence for the validity of the regional IQs by showing that IQ estimates for UK nations (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) derived from the same data are strongly correlated with national PISA scores (r=0.99). It finds that regional IQ is positively related to income, longevity and technological accomplishment; and is negatively related to poverty, deprivation and unemployment. A general factor of socioeconomic development is correlated with regional IQ atr=0.72.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic development and agricultural intensification in Mato Grosso

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1619) ◽  
pp. 20120168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah K. VanWey ◽  
Stephanie Spera ◽  
Rebecca de Sa ◽  
Dan Mahr ◽  
John F. Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Investments In Education

The Brazilian agro-industrial frontier in Mato Grosso rapidly expanded in total area of mechanized production and in total value of production in the last decade. This article shows the spatial pattern of that expansion from 2000 to 2010, based on novel analyses of satellite imagery. It then explores quantitatively and qualitatively the antecedents and correlates of intensification, the expansion of the area under two crops per year. Double cropping is most likely in areas with access to transportation networks, previous profitable agricultural production, and strong existing ties to national and international commodity markets. The article concludes with an exploration of the relationship between double cropping and socioeconomic development, showing that double cropping is strongly correlated with incomes of all residents of a community and with investments in education. We conclude that double cropping in Mato Grosso is very closely tied to multiple indicators of socioeconomic development.

Outcomes-based approaches and the devolved administrations

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Derek Birrell ◽  
Ann Marie Gray
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

Governments in all three devolved administrations of the UK (Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) have been adopting what they define as an outcome based approach to aspects of their policy making. This chapter examines the attraction of outcome based approaches and the outcome based accountability (OBA) model in particular. It assesses the conceptual issues arising from the OBA methodology and its application and examines arguments about the value of the OBA approach. The relationship between outcomes and indicators and the use of OBA for monitoring and evaluating performance is discussed. While there has been substantial buy-in to the principle of an outcomes based approach in the three administrations the paper questions whether there is evidence that these approaches have improved performance and policy.

The Future of British–Irish Relations after Brexit

2020 ◽  
pp. 254-273
Author(s):  
Etain Tannam
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Good Friday ◽  
Sectarian Violence ◽  
Good Friday Agreement ◽  
Potential Methods ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter assesses the impact of UK withdrawal from the EU on British–Irish relations. It examines yet another possible disintegrative effect of Brexit on the UK system, namely the re-unification of Ireland. The 1998 Belfast/Good Friday Agreement, bringing to a close decades of sectarian violence in Northern Ireland, had created an excellent working relations between Dublin and London. However, Brexit has threated this equilibrium, and has unexpectedly brought back on the agenda a possible border poll. The chapter then looks at the unfolding of the Brexit negotiations from June of 2016 to March of 2020 from the perspectives of British–Irish relations. It also studies the importance of the British–Irish relationship and the EU in the peace process in Northern Ireland, and considers potential methods of managing the relationship after Brexit.

27. Parliament and Devolution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Gormley-Heenan ◽  
Mark Sandford
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Parliamentary Sovereignty ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between the UK Parliament and the devolved legislatures established in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It first considers the impact of devolution on parliamentary sovereignty before discussing the establishment and development of the devolved parliaments in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. It then describes the key features of those devolved institutions and the way in which Parliament's interactions with them have evolved since their inception, as well as the division of powers between the United Kingdom and devolved governments. It shows that the influence of Parliament on devolution in the UK has so far been marginal, and that these subtle changes in practices at Westminster point to Parliament as an increasing reflection of wider shifts in public attitudes about the relationships between the territories of the United Kingdom, especially after the Brexit referendum.

Scotland and Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 617-632
Author(s):  
Kirsty Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Subsequent Evolution ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Political Tension ◽  
Eu Referendum ◽  
Scottish Government ◽  
Article 50 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter analyses how the Brexit process has unfolded in Scotland since the 2016 vote. With the UK as a whole voting to leave the EU whilst Scotland, and Northern Ireland, voted to Remain, political tension was inherent in the relationship between the Scottish and UK governments over Brexit from the start. This tension worsened during the subsequent two to three years as the Article 50 process got under way. Scottish support for remaining in the EU is compared to that across the UK, together with polling evidence on the subsequent evolution of support for Remain and for another EU referendum (a ‘people’s vote’). Political responses in Scotland are then considered, focusing in particular on the varying positions of the Scottish Government. The Scottish Government took a more strategic approach to Brexit in the initial weeks after the Brexit vote, which was then replaced by a more tactical emphasis on staying in the EU’s single market and defending the devolution settlement. This shifted again in autumn 2018 when the Scottish Government came out in favour of a people’s vote and put more emphasis on Remain over a ‘soft’ Brexit; this position was strengthened through 2019. How the politics of Brexit and the politics of independence have intertwined since 2016 is also briefly considered.

11. Devolution and local government

UK Politics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 249-273
Author(s):  
Andrew Blick
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This chapter turns to the forms of government that cover specific areas within the UK. These territories fall into two general categories: devolved and local government. The chapter introduces the general roles of these tiers of government, their powers, their responsibilities and how they function. It introduces a number of theoretical perspectives to these subjects. It looks at the balance of power between the various systems that exist. It offers examples as to how that balance of power works in reality. The chapter also considers the mechanisms for regulating interventions by the UK Parliament into devolved spheres of operation; the process of expansion of Welsh devolution over time; the devolution of responsibility for police and justice in Northern Ireland; devolution to local government in England; and innovatory approaches in Scotland. The chapter provides an assessment of devolution and local government and gives some historical context as well. Finally, the chapter looks at the relationship between Brexit and devolution.

MAYNOOTH, HISTORY, AND THE INTELLECTUAL ORIGINS OF JOHN HUME'S POLITICAL THINKING

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS DOLAN
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Intellectual Biography ◽  
Second Vatican Council ◽  
Political Thinking ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Intellectual Origins ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Intellectual Formation ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractVisions of history, Irish and otherwise, ancient and modern, critically inflected through St Patrick's College, Maynooth, the National Roman Catholic Seminary of Ireland, are central to John Hume's intellectual formation. This can be dated back to his experiences as a seminarian at St Patrick's during the mid-1950s – particularly his schooling in history under Tomás Ó Fiaich – long before the ideological gestation suggested in the existing literature. There the emphases are on the wider evolution of nationalist politics in Northern Ireland during the mid-1960s, as opposed to Hume's early intellectual biography. Thus, a wider context to his influential thought is suggested, one supplied by a discourse on the concept of patriotism evolving amongst Ireland's Catholic intelligentsia during the 1950s, indicative of the modernization of Catholic thought on the island in the era preceding the convening of the Second Vatican Council in 1962. Yet the article also situates Hume's once-progressive mode of nationalist ideology within a much older tradition of Catholic loyalism in Ireland. The conspicuously Platonic dimension of his thinking is likewise observed, facilitating a conceptually driven exploration of the relationship between Hume's vision of his native walled city of Derry, and of that larger partitioned entity, Northern Ireland.

Thromboplastin Related Differences in the Determination of International Normalised Ratio: A Cause for Concern?

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (03) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kitchen ◽  
I D Walker ◽  
T A L Woods ◽  
F E Preston
Keyword(s):  
Patient Management ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Warfarin Dosage ◽  
External Quality ◽  
External Quality Assessment Scheme ◽  
International Normalised Ratio ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryWhen the International Normalised Ratio (INR) is used for control of oral anticoagulant therapy the same result should be obtained irrespective of the laboratory reagent used. However, in the UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) for Blood Coagulation INRs determined using different reagents have been significantly different.For 18 NEQAS samples Manchester Reagent (MR) was associated with significantly lower INRs than those obtained using Diagen Activated (DA, p = 0.0004) or Instrumentation Laboratory PT-Fib HS (IL, p = 0.0001). Mean INRs for this group were 3.15, 3.61, and 3.65 for MR, DA, and IL respectively. For 61 fresh samples from warfarin-ised patients with INRs of greater than 3.0 the relationship between thromboplastins in respect of INR was similar to that observed for NEQAS data. Thus INRs obtained with MR were significantly lower than with DA or IL (p <0.0001). Mean INRs for this group were 4.01, 4.40, and 4.59 for MR, DA, and IL respectively.We conclude that the differences between INRs measured with the thromboplastins studied here are sufficiently great to influence patient management through warfarin dosage schedules, particularly in the upper therapeutic range of INR. There is clearly a need to address the issues responsible for the observed discrepancies.

Labels, Histories, Politics: Indian/South Asian Dance on the Global Stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVANTHI MEDURI
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
First Century ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The South ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Indian Nation ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Uk

In this paper, I discuss issues revolving around history, historiography, alterity, difference and otherness concealed in the doubled Indian/South Asian label used to describe Indian/South Asian dance genres in the UK. The paper traces the historical genealogy of the South Asian label to US, Indian and British contexts and describes how the South Asian enunciation fed into Indian nation-state historiography and politics in the 1950s. I conclude by describing how Akademi: South Asian Dance, a leading London based arts organisation, explored the ambivalence in the doubled Indian/South Asian label by renaming itself in 1997, and forging new local/global networks of communication and artistic exchange between Indian and British based dancers and choreographers at the turn of the twenty-first century.

Staging Beckett: Constructing Histories of Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna McMullan ◽  
Trish McTighe ◽  
David Pattie ◽  
David Tucker
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Victoria And Albert Museum

This multi-authored essay presents some selected initial findings from the AHRC Staging Beckett research project led by the Universities of Reading and Chester with the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. For example, how did changes in economic and cultural climates, such as funding structures, impact on productions of Beckett's plays in the UK and Ireland from the 1950s to the first decade of the twenty-first century? The paper will raise historiographical questions raised by the attempts to map or construct performance histories of Beckett's theatre in the UK and Ireland.

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