scholarly journals Origins of Anglo-Catholic Missions: Fr Richard Benson and the Initial Missions of the Society of St John the Evangelist, 1869–1882

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROWAN STRONG
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Institutional Mission ◽  
Religious Order ◽  
Major Figure

This paper investigates the origins of Anglican Anglo-Catholic missions, through the missionary theology and practice of the founder of the Society of St John the Evangelist, Fr Richard Benson, and an exploration of its initial missionary endeavours: the Twelve-Day Mission to London in 1869, and two missions in India from 1874. The Indian missions comprised an institutional mission at Bombay and Pune, and a unique ascetic enculturated mission at Indore by Fr Samuel Wilberforce O'Neill ssje. It is argued that Benson was a major figure in the inauguration of Anglo-Catholic missions; that his ritualist moderation was instrumental in the initial public success of Anglo-Catholic domestic mission; and that in overseas missions he had a clear theological preference for disconnecting evangelism from Europeanising. Benson's approach, more radical than was normal in the second half of the nineteenth century, was a consequence of envisaging mission's being undertaken by a religious order, an entirely new phenomenon for Anglican missions.

An Overview of the History of Religious Life in the United States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Wittberg ◽  
Thomas P. Gaunt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Order ◽  
Religious Institutes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socioeconomic Composition

This chapter briefly describes the history of religious institutes in the United States. It first covers the demographics—the overall numbers and the ethnic and socioeconomic composition—of the various institutes during the nineteenth century. It next discusses the types of ministries the sisters, brothers, and religious order priests engaged in, and the sources of vocations to their institutes. The second section covers changes in religious institutes after 1950, covering the factors which contributed to the changes as well as their impact on the institutes themselves and the larger Church. The chapter concludes with a brief overview of the subsequent chapters.

Deification in Russian Religious Thought

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Coates
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Religious Order ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Divine Attribute ◽  
The Social ◽  
Russian Religious Thought ◽  
Revolutionary Period

Deification in Russian Religious Thought is a study of the reception of the Eastern Christian (Orthodox) doctrine of deification by Russian religious thinkers of the immediate pre-revolutionary period. Deification is the metaphor that the Greek patristic tradition came to privilege in its articulation of the Christian concept of salvation: to be saved is to be deified, that is, to share in the divine attribute of immortality. The central thesis of this book is that between the revolutions of 1905 and 1917 Russian religious thinkers turned to deification in their search for a response to the imminent destruction of the Russian autocracy (and the social and religious order that supported it), that was commensurate with its perceived apocalyptic significance. Contextual chapters set out the parameters of the Greek patristic understanding of deification and the reception of the idea in nineteenth-century Russian religious culture, literature, and thought. Then, four major works by prominent thinkers of the Russian Religious Renaissance are analysed, demonstrating the salience of the deification theme and exploring the variety of forms of its expression. In these works by Merezhkovsky, Berdiaev, Bulgakov, and Florensky, deification is taken out of its original theological context and applied respectively to politics, creativity, economics, and asceticism: this is presented as a modernist endeavour. Nevertheless their common emphasis on deification as a project, a practice that should deliver the ontological transformation and immortalization of human beings, society, culture, and the material universe, whilst likewise modernist, is also what connects them to deification’s theological source.

Poisson's Memoirs on Electricity: Academic Politics and a New Style in Physics

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Home
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Mathematical Creativity ◽  
Academic Politics ◽  
Major Figure

Siméon Denis Poisson (1781–1840) was a major figure in French science throughout the first forty years of the nineteenth century. Though his papers lack the brilliant mathematical creativity of some of those published by even more gifted contemporaries such as Joseph Fourier (1768–1830) and Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789–1857), they nevertheless display a formidable talent for mathematical analysis, applied with great industry and success in a large number of investigations ranging over the whole domain of mathematical physics. Several were of such importance that even on their own they would have sufficed to win him lasting fame.

Lachelier, Jules (1832–1918)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Piclin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Set Up

Lachelier is, along with Octave Hamelin, one of the foremost French metaphysicians of the nineteenth century. An idealist, he was a major figure in the neo-spiritualist movement, which opposed the materialism dominating scientific thought at the time. For all that, Lachelier did not set up a division between consciousness and life, but, following the example of Maine de Biran and Ravaisson, he rather saw in mind the inwardness of life, at work in the whole of nature.

scholarly journals VOLTAIRE AND THE NECESSITY OF MODERN HISTORY

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE FORCE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World History ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
Universal History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Historical Practice

This article revisits what has often been called the “naive presentism” of Voltaire's historical work. It looks at the methodological and philosophical reasons for Voltaire's deliberate focus on modern history as opposed to ancient history, his refusal to “make allowances for time” in judging the past, and his extreme selectiveness in determining the relevance of past events to world history. Voltaire's historical practice is put in the context of the quarrel of the ancients and the moderns, and considered in a tradition of universal history going back to Bossuet and leading up to nineteenth-century German historicism. Paradoxically, Voltaire is a major figure in the history of historiography not in spite of his presentism (as Ernst Cassirer and Peter Gay have argued), but because of it.

Du Bois-Reymond, Emil (1818–96)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Body Problem ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
German Science ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Mind Body Problem ◽  
The Mind

Emil du Bois-Reymond conducted pioneering research in electrophysiology which established him as a major figure in German science in the second half of the nineteenth century. His influence extended further through his more general writings in politics and philosophy of science, in which he argued for theoretical restraint and for the recognition that certain problems (for example, the mind–body problem) fell beyond scientific modes of inquiry and explanation.

William Whewell: Professor of Mineralogy [And Crystallography] Cambridge University 1828-1834

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
George Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Scientific Terms ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
William Whewell

Today philosophers, scientists, and other scholars know William Whewell as a major figure in the history and philosophy of science and as a wordsmith who coined many scientific terms still in use. Mineralogists are likely aware that there is a mineral Whewellite. Whewell entered the field of mineralogy just as it was coming of age as a science. He was a life-long academic at Trinity College, Cambridge University where he served as Professor of Mineralogy, later as Professor of Moral Philosophy, and rose to become Master of the College. His major contributions to earth science were in mathematical crystallography and tidal phenomena. Whewell's wide-ranging ideas and research qualify him as a mid-nineteenth century polymath.

The Other Lambert Strether: Henry James's The Ambassadors, Balzac's Louis Lambert, and J.H. Lambert

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAZEL HUTCHISON
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Henry James ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
William James ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Science ◽  
Major Figure

ABSTRACT Hazel Hutchison, ““The Other Lambert Strether: Henry James's The Ambassadors, Balzac's Louis Lambert, and J.H. Lambert”” (pp.230––258) We think we know Lambert Strether. Henry James names the unlikely hero of The Ambassadors (1903) after Honoréé de Balzac's unlikely novel Louis Lambert (1832––33)——or so he says. In this essay I argue that James's choice is also influenced by his knowledge of the eighteenth-century Alsace philosopher J. H. Lambert. Now obscure, Lambert was, in his day and in the nineteenth century, a major figure in European science and philosophy, one deeply influential on the formation of phenomenology and pragmatism, disciplines closely associated with James's brother William James. Lambert's fascination with the problem of appearances also offers connections with Strether's experience in Paris and invites an exploration of the role of visual art in James's novel, including Hans Holbein's masterpiece with which it shares a name. In this study I argue that the name of Lambert, far from offering an easy clue to Strether's identity, offers him a variety of possible natures and possible ways of viewing reality.

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