The occurrence of Angiostrongylus vasorum in terrestrial slugs from forests and parks in the Copenhagen area, Denmark

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ferdushy ◽  
C.M.O. Kapel ◽  
P. Webster ◽  
M.N.S. Al-Sabi ◽  
J. Grønvold
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Arion Lusitanicus ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Limax Maximus

AbstractA total of 298 slugs belonging to four species, Arion lusitanicus, A. ater, A. ater rufus and Limax maximus, were collected from six different localities within a radius of 30 km from Copenhagen and examined for naturally acquired Angiostrongylus vasorum infection. Overall, 28 slugs (9%) were infected, but the prevalence varied among the studied localities: Rude Forest (26%), West Amager Forest (18%), Jaegersborg Forest and Deer Park (8%), Frederiksberg Park (4%), Assistens Cemetery Park (0%) and Frederiksberg Botanical Garden (0%). Only third-stage larvae (L3) were recovered from the slugs, in numbers ranging from 1 to 392 per slug. Overall 82% of the infected slugs harboured fewer than 10 larvae and only 14% harboured over 100 larvae.

scholarly journals Infectivity of gastropod-shed third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis to dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Robbins ◽  
Gary Conboy ◽  
Spencer Greenwood ◽  
Roland Schaper
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Artificial Digestion ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Limax Maximus

Abstract Background Metastrongyloid parasites Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infect wild and domestic canids and are important pathogens in dogs. Recent studies indicate that gastropod intermediate hosts infected with various metastrongyloids spontaneously shed infective third-stage larvae (L3) into the environment via feces and mucus under laboratory conditions. Shed L3 retain motility up to 120 days, but whether they retain infectivity was unknown. Methods To assess the infectivity of shed L3, the heart/lungs of six red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were obtained from trappers in Newfoundland, Canada. Lungs were examined for first-stage larvae (L1) by the Baermann technique. A high number of viable A. vasorum L1 and a low number of C. vulpis L1 were recovered from one fox; these were used to infect naïve laboratory-raised Limax maximus. L3 recovered from slugs by artificial digestion were fed to two naïve purpose-bred research beagles (100 L3/dog). L1 shed by these two dogs was used to infect 546 L. maximus (2000–10,000 L1/slug). L3 shedding was induced by anesthetizing slugs in soda water and transferring them into warm (45 °C) tap water for at least 8 h. Shed L3 recovered from slugs were aliquoted on romaine lettuce in six-well tissue culture plates (80–500 L3/well) and stored at 16 °C/75% relative humidity. Four naïve research beagles were then exposed to 100 L3/dog from larvae stored for 0, 2, 4, or 8 weeks, respectively, after shedding. Results All four dogs began shedding C. vulpis L1 by 26–36 days post-infection (PI). All four dogs began shedding A. vasorum L1 by 50 days PI. Conclusions L3 infectivity for the definitive host was retained in both metastrongyloids, indicating the potential for natural infection in dogs through exposure from environmental contamination. As an additional exposure route, eating or licking plant or other material(s) contaminated with metastrongyloid L3 could dramatically increase the number of dogs at risk of infection from these parasites. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Detection of Crenosoma spp., Angiostrongylus vasorum and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in Gastropods in Eastern Austria

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Fuehrer ◽  
Simone Morelli ◽  
Julian Bleicher ◽  
Thomas Brauchart ◽  
Mirjam Edler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Arion Vulgaris ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
Limax Maximus

Canine and feline cardiorespiratory parasites are of utmost relevance in veterinary medicine. Key epizootiological information on major pet metastrongyloids, i.e., Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infecting dogs, and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior infecting cats, is missing from Austria. This study investigated their occurrence in 1320 gastropods collected in the Austrian provinces of Styria, Burgenland, Lower Austria, and in metropolitan Vienna. Metastrongyloid larvae were microscopically detected in 25 samples, and sequence analysis confirmed the presence of metastrongyloids in nine samples, i.e., A. vasorum in one slug (Arion vulgaris) (0.07%), C. vulpis in five slugs (one Limax maximus and four A. vulgaris) (0.4%), A. abstrusus in two A. vulgaris (0.17%), and the hedgehog lungworm Crenosoma striatum was detected in one A. vulgaris. The present study confirms the enzooticity of major cardiorespiratory nematodes in Austria and that canine and feline populations are at risk of infection.

Spontaneous Shedding of Metastrongyloid Third-Stage Larvae by Experimentally Infected Limax maximus

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 (S1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Conboy ◽  
Nicole Guselle ◽  
Roland Schaper
Keyword(s):  
Third Stage ◽  
Limax Maximus

Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) Kamensky, 1905: emergence of third-stage larvae from infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thales Augusto Bar�ante ◽  
Joziana Muniz de Paiva Bar�ante ◽  
S�lvia Regina Costa Dias ◽  
Walter dos Santos Lima
Keyword(s):  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Third Stage

Effect of temperature on activity of third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Regina Costa Dias ◽  
Walter dos Santos Lima
Keyword(s):  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Third Stage

The effect of temperature and host age on the infectivity and development of Angiostrongylus vasorum in the slug Arion lusitanicus

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Ferdushy ◽  
Christian M. O. Kapel ◽  
Pia Webster ◽  
Mohammad Nafi Solaiman Al-Sabi ◽  
Jørn Reimer Grønvold
Keyword(s):  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Arion Lusitanicus

scholarly journals Měkkýši PR Velké Doly u Českého Těšína (Slezsko, Česká republika) [Molluscs of the Velké Doly Natural Reserve near the town of Český Těšín (Silesia, Czech Republic)]

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Jiří Kupka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Arion Lusitanicus ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Limax Maximus ◽  
The Town ◽  
Cephalanthera Damasonium

The molluscan fauna of the Velké Doly Natural Reserve was surveyed in 1999 and 2006. In total, 27 snail species were found (26 terrestrial gastropods and 1 bivalve). The Natural Reserve is only 1.5 km far from ironworks “Třinecké železárny”. In the 18th century, there was a limestone quarry and beech plantation (as a fuel for ironworks) in the reserve. At the present time the reserve represents the secondary forests society Tilio cordatae-Carpinetum with protected and regional notable plants in undergrowth (Cephalanthera damasonium, Lilium martagon, Arum alpinum, Hacquetia epipactis, etc). The present character of the Velké Doly Natural Reserve is a result of human activities, nevertheless it is preserved and favourable site for molluscs, since many stenotopic and endangered woodland species occur there (e.g. Discus perspectivus, Petasina unidentata, Oxychilus glaber). The presence of the vulnerable snail Discus perspectivus is notable as first locality in Poland part of Těšín region (the Natural Reserve Velké Doly is located on the Poland border). Occurrence of euryecious species Arion distinctus, Arion lusitanicus and Limax maximus could relate with some human impact (e.g. presence of allotted gardens colony).

The development of Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) in the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822)

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Mozzer ◽  
A.L. Coaglio ◽  
R.M. Dracz ◽  
V.M.A Ribeiro ◽  
W.S. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Third Stage

AbstractAngiostrongylus vasorum is a parasitic nematode that infects the heart and pulmonary artery and its branches of domestic and wild canids. The parasite can use several species of terrestrial and aquatic molluscs as intermediate hosts, although susceptibility varies. Pomacea canaliculata is a mollusc found in lakes, swamps and rivers in South America. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility, parasite growth, oviposition and larval development of 282 P. canaliculata infected with 500 A. vasorum first-instar larvae (L1). From day 5 post-infection (pi) to day 30 pi, seven specimens per day were sacrificed to recover the larval instars. We compared 50 egg masses from infected and uninfected molluscs to determine the number of eggs per clutch, the hatching rate and the growth of the molluscs. The percentage of recovered larvae ranged from 39.17% to 67.5%. First-stage larvae (L1) were found until day 19 pi, second-stage larvae (L2) were found from days 11 to 25 pi, and third-stage larvae (L3) were recovered only after day 19 pi. Infected snails exhibited the most eggs during spawning, although the rate of hatching and shell size were lower in the infected snails compared with controls. This is the first report of an experimental infection of P. canaliculata with A. vasorum, and the results confirm the non-specificity of the nematode in relation to the intermediate host and indicate the importance of epidemiological surveys of this parasite and mollusc.

scholarly journals First record of two slug mite species of the genus Riccardoella berlese (Acari: Ereynetidae) in Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Stojnic ◽  
Biljana Vidovic ◽  
Goran Jokic ◽  
Marina Vuksa ◽  
Tanja Blazic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Arion Lusitanicus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Limax Maximus

The paper presents the first data on slug mites Riccardoella (Riccardoella) limacum (Schrank) and R. (Proriccardoella) oudemansi Thor (Acari: Ereynetidae) in Serbia. The two parasitic species were detected on seven species of snails and slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) in Serbia. Riccardoella limacum, which is a specialized snail parasite, was found in Helix pomatia L. and H. lucorum L species of the family Helicidae. Riccardoella oudemansi was found exclusively on slug species: Arion lusitanicus Mabille (Arionidae), Tandonia budapestensis (Hazay) (Milacidae), Limacus flavus (L.), Limax maximus L. and L. cinereoniger Wolf (Limacidae).

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