scholarly journals Establishing a head and neck unit in a developing country

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 552-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Aswani ◽  
K Baidoo ◽  
J Otiti
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
University Of Cape Town

AbstractHead and neck cancers pose an especially serious problem in developing countries due to late presentation requiring complex surgical intervention. These countries are faced with many challenges, ranging from insufficient health care staff to problems with peri-operative requirements, diagnostic facilities, chemoradiation services and research funding.These challenges can be addressed through the training of head and neck surgeons and support personnel, the improvement of cancer awareness in local communities, and the establishment of dedicated head and neck institutes which focus on the special needs of head and neck cancer patients.All these changes can best be achieved through collaborative efforts with external partners. The Karl Storz Fellowship in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer, enabling training at the University of Cape Town, South Africa, has served as a springboard towards establishing head and neck services in developing sub-Saharan African countries.

Analysis of risk factors for oral cavity and oropharynx cancer in the authors’ own material

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Nowosielska-Grygiel ◽  
Kalina Owczarek ◽  
Marzena Bielińska ◽  
Magdalena Wacławek ◽  
Jurek Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Oropharynx Cancer ◽  
Hoarse Voice

Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyse the risk factors for oral cavity and oropharynx cancer in peopled examined under the Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Week in 2016, Lodz. Material and methods. In Lodz, 21st September 2016, under the Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Week, 106 people, including 67 women aged 29–77 and 39 men aged 23–84, underwent preventive examinations in the hospital department. Prior to the laryngological examination, the patients were asked to answer questions that referred to their education, medical case history, symptoms, smoking habits with the number of cigarettes per day, alcohol intake, the number of lifetime sexual partners, oral sex engagement, incidents of head and neck cancer in the family history. Results: The major part of the examined patients were women and men with the secondary and high level of education, 47,76% and 35,82%, and 58,97% and 35,91% respectively. The patients were informed by mass media about the planned preventive medical examinations – 80,60% women and 79,49% men. The most common symptoms reported by women were: hoarse voice in 61,19% cases, dysphagia in 32,84% cases and burning sensation and/or pain in the oral cavity in 29,85% cases. The examined male patients mainly showed hoarse voice (46,15%), other symptoms (43,59%) and dysphagia (25,64%). 28,35% women and 28,20% men smoked cigarettes, while passive smokers were 22,38% and 25,64% respectively. Alcohol consumption was reported by 67,16% women and 82,05% men, rather occasionally. Having oral sex was noted in 25,37% women and 38,46% men, mostly with multiple sexual partners. Among the studied patients, 13,43% women and 5,12% men suffered from malignant cancer, including 2,98% women and 2,56% men who reported head and neck carcinoma in the medical interview. On the basis of the interview and ENT examination, 11,94% women and 17,94% men were qualified for the extended oncological diagnostics. Conclussion. The Fourth Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Week shows the increased interest in preventive screening, especially oncological screening, and thus the necessity of such preventive activities in the future.

scholarly journals Patterns of Care of Cancers and Radiotherapy in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tara Rick ◽  
Biruk Habtamu ◽  
Wondemagegnhu Tigeneh ◽  
Aynalem Abreha ◽  
Yvette van Norden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Sub Saharan

PURPOSE Radiotherapy (RT) is an essential component of cancer treatment. There is a lack of RT services in sub-Saharan Africa as well as limited knowledge regarding clinical practices. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the patterns for RT treatment in Ethiopia. METHODS AND MATERIALS We performed a retrospective analysis of 1,823 patients treated with cobalt RT at a large referral hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from May 2015 through January 2018. Paper charts were reviewed for patient and treatment characteristics. Descriptive statistics were computed using SPSS (IBM, Armonk, NY). RESULTS Among patients treated for cancer, 98% (n = 1,784) were adults, 78% (n = 1,426) were female, 5% (n = 85) were HIV positive, 30% (n = 555) were from Addis Ababa, and the median age was 48 years (interquartile range [IQR], 38-58 years). Cervical cancer was the most frequent cancer treated (47%, n = 851), followed by breast cancer (15%, n = 274) and head and neck cancer (10%, n = 184). Seventy-three percent of patients (n = 1,339) presented at a late stage, and 62% (n = 1,138) received palliative RT. The wait times were the shortest for patients receiving palliative treatment (median, 0 days; IQR, 0-15 days; n = 1,138), whereas wait times were longer for patients receiving curative treatment (median, 150 days; IQR, 60-210 days; n = 685). Three percent of patients (n = 56) had documented grade 3 or 4 acute toxicity; of these, 59% (n = 33) were patients with head and neck cancer. CONCLUSION Cervical cancer accounted for half of patients treated; thus, a majority of patients were adult females. Most patients had advanced-stage cancer, and goals of care were palliative. Wait times were long for patients with curative-intent cancer as a result of low capacity for RT services.

scholarly journals Application of Machine Learning for Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer in Primary Healthcare Organisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
Olatunbosun Olabode ◽  
Adebayo O. Adetunmbi ◽  
Folake Akinbohun ◽  
Ambrose Akinbohun
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Healthcare Organisation ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Supervised Learning Algorithms

Head and neck cancers (HNC) are indicated when cells grow abnormally.  The disturbing rate of morbidity and mortality of patients with HNC due to late presentation is on the increase especially in Africa (developing countries). There is need to diagnose head and neck cancer early if patients present so that prompt referral could be facilitated.  The collected data consists of 1473 instances with 18 features. The dataset was divided into training and test data.  Two supervised learning algorithms were deployed for the study namely: Decision Tree (C4.5) and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). It showed that Decision Tree outperformed with accuracy of 91.40% while KNN had accuracy of 88.24%. Hence, machine learning algorithm like Decision Tree can be used for diagnosis of HNC in healthcare organisations.

Head and neck cancer awareness: a survey of young people in international communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi ◽  
Nneamaka Nnebedum ◽  
Mayowa Bello ◽  
Miracle Adesina ◽  
Omotayo Francis Fagbule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young People ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
History Of

Abstract Head and neck cancer (HNC) is killing young people yearly. The knowledge of HNC risk factors and its symptoms among this population group may go a long way in HNC prevention among them. This study aims to: determine the level of awareness of HNC; determine the prevalence of HNC risk factors; and explore the knowledge of HNC risk factors, HNC symptoms, as well as family history of HNC among youth in the international communities (with focus on the Canadian and Nigerian youth). Methods A sample of 801 youth were surveyed using an e-questionnaire. The questionnaire obtained information from each participant about their: socio-demographic information; knowledge of HNC, its risk factors, and its manifestations; and family history of HNC. Data obtained from the participants were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS Version 9.4 for Windows). Results The majority (73%) of the surveyed youth (n=801) were residing in Nigeria, seven-tenths of them were between the age 18 and 24 years, and 53% were females. Less than 10% had a history of smoking, 7% were active smokers, and 24% had history of oral sex (of which 57% (108/109) of them had a lifetime history of more than one oral sexual partner). Around half (51%) of the participants had never heard of HNC before. Only 4% knew of a family member who had suffered/is suffering from HNC. Half of the participants were not sure whether HNC can manifest without initial complaint, pain, or symptoms. Only 9% of the participants erroneously believed that HNC is a contagious disease. Comparative analyses among subgroups revealed that a higher proportion of those participants who were: from Canada; young adults; and males generally knew about HNC when compared with the proportions recorded among those in the adolescents; females, and Nigerian participants’ categories. Lastly, 76% of the participants showed interest in knowing more about HNC. Conclusion The majority of the surveyed youth demonstrated poor knowledge of HNC. Also, a significant proportion of them are at risk of developing HNC disease in future, if they keep indulging in HNC risky behaviors. There exists the need to conduct community health education programs on HNC among youth in these surveyed communities.

International Consortium on Head and Neck Cancer Awareness (ICOHANCA)

Oral Oncology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 841-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crispian Scully ◽  
Peter Boyle ◽  
Terry Day ◽  
Brian Hill ◽  
Vinod Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
International Consortium

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF PATTERN OF HEAD AND NECK MALIGNANCIES SEEN IN SOKOTO, NIGERIA BETWEEN 2005 and 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi M ◽  
Sahabi SM ◽  
Iseh KR ◽  
Amutta SB ◽  
Aliyu D
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients

BACKGROUND Head and neck cancers have a global burden and are more burdensome especially in the developing countries where risk factors, late presentation and low socioeconomic status still predominate. OBJECTIVE To determine any change in the pattern of head and neck cancers in the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto after 5 years. METHOD This is a retrospective five year study (2005-2010) of 146 histologically diagnosed head and neck cancers from the registers of the department of histopathology. RESULTS One hundred and forty six head and neck cancer patients were studied representing 18.6% of the total number of 787 histologically diagnosed malignancies during the study period (2005-2010). There were 93 males (63.7%) and 53 female (36.3%). The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The ages of patients ranged from3-89 years with the mean age of 41.6 ± 20.5 years. The highest number of patients was seen in the th 5 decade (21.2%) of life. There were 112(76.7%) carcinomas, 20(13.7%) lymphomas, 5(3.4%) sarcomas and 9(6.2%) blastomas. Seventy cases (47.9%) were head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sinonasal carcinoma 24(16.4%) was the commonest Head and neck cancer. Retinoblastoma 5(3.4%) was the commonest childhood head and neck cancer. CONCLUSION There was no significant change in the pattern of the head and neck cancers (P > 0.05). Sinonasal cancinoma was the commonest head and neck malignant tumour. Head and cancers still remains a challenge in this region.

Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Month

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-224
Author(s):  
Eric R. Carlson ◽  
Deepak Kademani
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Cancer Awareness
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