scholarly journals Stages in the Life History of Calanus finmarchicus (Gunnerus), Experimentally Reared by Mr. L. R. Crawshay in the Plymouth Laboratory

1916 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie V. Lebour
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Calanus Finmarchicus ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Copepodid Stage ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Made In

[The stages in the development of Calanus finmarchicus described and figured by Miss Lebour in the present paper were taken from culture jars given into my charge by Mr. L. R. Crawshay, when he left the Laboratory to undertake military duties in connection with the war. In one jar at that time the first copepodid stage, from eggs laid in the jar, had just been reached, and the technical details for the successful rearing of the animals had been mastered. The experiments had been conducted with great care, and all possible precautions had been taken to prevent contamination. Subsequently the experiments were repeated up to a certain point by myself and some additional stages obtained to complete the series.The cultures were made in 2-litre glass beakers, containing “outside” sea-water filtered through a Berkefeld filter. In order to secure an even temperature the beakers stood in the circulating water of the Laboratory tanks, and a pure culture of the diatom Nitzschia closterium was used as food.—E. J. Allen.]

Notes on the Life-history of Cheiloneurus noxius, Compere (Hym.)

1937 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Le Pelley
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Southern California ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

A number of species of this genus of Encyrtid parasites are known to be, and others are suspected to be, secondary parasites ; but apparently the complete life-history has not been observed in any one case. As the genus has an almost world-wide distribution and is doubtless of considerable economic importance, the following observations made in Southern California in part of 1935 and 1936 are recorded.

II. Note on Professor Hull’s paper

1887 ◽  
Vol 42 (251-257) ◽  
pp. 308-310
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Organic Body ◽  
History Of

Dr. Alleyne Nicholson, a palæontologist of no small repute, refers to this subject in his work on the ‘ Ancient Life History of the Earth,’ p. 34. He considers that the silica which has surrounded and infiltrated the fossils which flint contains, must have been deposited “from sea-water in a gelatinous condition, and subsequently have hardened.” Also that “the formation of flint may therefore be regarded as due to the separation of silica from sea-water, and its deposition round some organic body in a state of chemical change or decay.”

The Occurrence, Ecology and Life History of Tigriopus fulvus (Fischer)

1936 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
History Of ◽  
Copepodid Stage

The peculiar and exacting environment of Tigriopus fulvus is discussed and a census of Tigriopus from a series of pools in the Isle of Man is given.Experiments have been made determining the resistance of Tigriopus to desiccation and its revival in favourable circumstances.The life history has been worked out, times taken in development noted, and the various stages compared and contrasted with those described by Guiglia.Sex can be determined at the fourth copepodid stage. Females are normally fertilised as fifth copepodids, but the males are not functional until the adult stage. A single female may produce several egg sacs giving rise to living nauplii from a single fertilisation.There is no evidence for parthenogenesis.

scholarly journals The motile (Crystallolithus hyalinus Gaarder & Markali) and non-motile phases in the life history of Coccolithus pelagicus (Wallich) Schiller

1960 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Parke ◽  
Irene Adams
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coccolithus Pelagicus ◽  
Set Up

A new coccolithophorid, Crystallolitkus hyalinus, was described with the help of electron micrographs by Gaarder & Markali in 1956 from preserved material in which the cells lacked the appendages. From temporary cultures set up from our September 1957 sea-water samples a coccolithophorid was isolated which appeared, under the light microscope, very similar to this newly described coccolithophorid but which possessed, as does the genus Chrysochromulina, a coning haptonema in addition to the two flagella. Electron micrographs, taken for us by Prof. I. Manton, have shown that the holococcoliths from our organism are identical in structure with those from the Crystallolithus hyalinus (cf. PL I, and Gaarder and Markali, 1956, pi. I).

scholarly journals ON SOME DIPTERA BRED FROM COW-MANURE

1901 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Made In ◽  
General Appearance

In the summer of 1889, while engaged in an investigation of the habits and life-history of the horn fly of cattle (Haematobia serrata), the writer at various times brought to Washington from different points in Virginia, large quantities of cow-manure collected in the field, and eventually succeeded in working out the complete life-history of the horn fly, as displayed in Insect Life, Vol. II., No.4, October, 1889. In this article the statement is made, in concluding, that the observations were greatly hindered and rendered difficult by the fact that fresh cow-dung is the nidus for a number of species of Diptera, some about the same size and general appearance as the horn fly, and that no less than twenty distinct species of flies had been reared from horse- and cow-dung, mainly the latter, and six species of parasitic insects as well.

scholarly journals Herpetomonas Parasites in Fleas

1906 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Balfour
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

In the light of the controversy which is beginning to be waged in connection with Schaudinn's researches into the life-history of Halteridium noctuae, and especially in view of the papers by Prof. Ross which have been appearing in this Journal, the accompanying illustrations are likely to be of interest. They represent forms of parasite which I have found in the alimentary tract of the flea, Pulex cleopatrae Roths. and possibly other species, when searching for a cycle of development for Haemogregarina balfouri Laveran in that insect which, along with mites, infests the Sudan jerboa (Jaculus gordoni). The illustrations were prepared by Mr Richard Muir from drawings which I made in Khartoum.

Life-history and culture of Gracilaria foliifera (Rhodophyta) from South Devon

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McLachlan ◽  
T. Edelstein
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Original Material ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic

Three species of Gracilaria, G. foliifera (Forsk.) Børg., G. verrucosa (Huds.) Papenf., and G. bursa-pastoris (S. M. Gmel.) Silva are recognized from the British flora (Parke & Dixon, 1976). In Britain G. verrucosa is widely distributed, although not common, whereas the other two species are rare and their distribution restricted (Newton, 1931). G. foliifera was described from the Red Sea as Fucus foliifer Forsk. (Børgesen, 1932). Plants referable to this species are now reported from various parts of the world, including both the eastern and western coasts of the north Atlantic (South & Cardinal, 1970; Taylor, 1957, 1960). However, considerable variation exists within species of Gracilaria (e.g. May, 1948), thus delimitation of species is often extremely difficult. Gracilaria foliifera from Britain (Fig. 1 A) is similar morphologically to the original material of Fucus foliifer as illustrated by Børgesen (1932, fig. 1), and therefore, we have limited our consideration to G. foliifera as it occurs in Britain (also see Harvey, 1846, pl. 15). However, little information is available on G. foliifera from the British Isles, and in the present instance we have investigated the life history of this alga in culture together with preliminary results on growth in small-scale tanks with running sea water.

A review of the current status of the Polydora-complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Australia and a checklist of recorded species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2751 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEXIE M WALKER
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New South ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
South Wales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Saccostrea Glomerata ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities ◽  
Made In

In 1885 Australia’s first recorded marine pest, a mudworm of the Polydora-complex (Spionidae), was identified on Hunter River, New South Wales, oysters (Saccostrea glomerata Gould, 1850). Mudworm is still a serious pest of cultured molluscs in Australia but, although of great concern to many, relatively little progress has been made in resolving the problem. One hundred and thirty years later the identity and life history of this pest remains unclear. The longevity of this problem in Australia is largely due to unaddressed issues of basic taxonomy. This review addresses these issues by presenting the information currently available on the Polydora-complex species in Australia, including taxonomy; history of discovery in the natural environment and in commercial aquaculture facilities; and ecological information. An updated checklist of Polydora-complex species from Australia is also included. It is hoped that by being explicit about the knowledge gaps and problems they can be addressed, ultimately providing a solid taxonomic background for further research into the Polydora-complex species and resolution of the mudworm problem in Australia.

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