scholarly journals Phosphorus and silicon in sea water off Plymouth during 1954

1955 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. J. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Whole Water

SUMMARYThe results of analyses of water from the International Hydrographic Station EI during 1954 are discussed. The seasonal variation is shown, in which it appears that consumption of nutrients in the spring outburst of plants was: phosphate 0.37μg atom P/l., total phosphorus 0.26μg atom P/l., silicate 2.49μg atom Si/1., these figures being means for the whole water column. Unusual changes in silicate concentrations between January and February,and between August and September, are ascribed to changes in the water mass at the station. This conclusion is supported by the temperature, salinity and phosphate.observations.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and silicon in sea water off Plymouth during 1955

1957 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. J. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Whole Water

Temperatures and salinity, phosphate, total phosphorus and silicate analyses of water from the International Hydrographic Station E1 during 1955 are discussed. The seasonal variation is shown, and it appears that consumption of nutrients by plants in the spring was: phosphate 0·42 μg atom P/L, ‘total phosphorus’ 0·40 μg atom P/l., silicate 2·43 μg atom Si/1., these being means for the whole water column. Some irregularities are pointed out; they are probably attributable to changes in the water mass.

scholarly journals Chemical Changes In Sea Water off Plymouth in 1961

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. J. Armstrong ◽  
E. I. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Integral Mean Values

The results of analysis of sea water samples from the International Hydrographic Station E1 (500 02' N., 40 22' W.) are given in graphical form and as integral mean values for the water column of 70 m. Winter maximum values (in January) of 044/xg atom phosphate P/l. and 0-53^g atom ' T o t a l ' P/L, with 315/xg atom Si/1, were found. The phosphate and total phosphorus concentrations were unusually low. The spring decreases were 0-21/xg atom P/l. and 272 fig atom Si/1.

scholarly journals Equatorward Pathways of Solomon Sea Water Masses and Their Modifications

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélique Melet ◽  
Jacques Verron ◽  
Lionel Gourdeau ◽  
Ariane Koch-Larrouy
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Internal Tides ◽  
Tidal Mixing ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Potential Influence

Abstract The Solomon Sea is a key region of the southwest Pacific Ocean, connecting the thermocline subtropics to the equator via western boundary currents (WBCs). Modifications to water masses are thought to occur in this region because of the significant mixing induced by internal tides, eddies, and the WBCs. Despite their potential influence on the equatorial Pacific thermocline temperature and salinity and their related impact on the low-frequency modulation of El Niño–Southern Oscillation, modifications to water masses in the Solomon Sea have never been analyzed to our knowledge. A high-resolution model incorporating a tidal mixing parameterization was implemented to depict and analyze water mass modifications and the Solomon Sea pathways to the equator in a Lagrangian quantitative framework. The main routes from the Solomon Sea to the equatorial Pacific occur through the Vitiaz and Solomon straits, in the thermocline and intermediate layers, and mainly originate from the Solomon Sea south inflow and from the Solomon Strait itself. Water mass modifications in the model are characterized by a reduction of the vertical temperature and salinity gradients over the water column: the high salinity of upper thermocline water [Subtropical Mode Water (STMW)] is eroded and exported toward surface and deeper layers, whereas a downward heat transfer occurs over the water column. Consequently, the thermocline water temperature is cooled by 0.15°–0.3°C from the Solomon Sea inflows to the equatorward outflows. This temperature modification could weaken the STMW anomalies advected by the subtropical cell and thereby diminish the potential influence of these anomalies on the tropical climate. The Solomon Sea water mass modifications can be partially explained (≈60%) by strong diapycnal mixing in the Solomon Sea. As for STMW, about a third of this mixing is due to tidal mixing.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and Silicon in Sea Water off Plymouth During 1956

1958 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. J. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Integral Mean Values

The results of analysis of sea water from the International Hydrographic Station E1 during 1956 are presented in graphical form and as integral mean values for the water column of 70 m. The seasonal variation is shown; it appears that consumption of phosphate in the spring outburst of plants was 0·34 μg atom P/l., and that of silicate 2·78 μg atom Si/1. The spring outburst was followed more closely than usual in the period 26 March to 24 April during 4 weeks of rather bright weather. Nearly all the silicate in the water was taken up, and some phosphate left, and it seems that the rapidly growing diatoms, which predominated at the time, were deficient in silicon. It is suggested that in the deep water they continued to absorb silicate, although not receiving enough light for growth and division.

MEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION IN ENCLOSED COASTAL SEAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Negi ◽  
Keizo Negi ◽  
Takuya Ishikawa ◽  
Takuya Ishikawa ◽  
Kenichiro Iba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
View Point ◽  
High Concentration

Japan experienced serious water pollution during the period of high economic growth in 1960s. It was also the period that we had such damages to human health, fishery and living conditions due to red tide as much of chemicals, organic materials and the like flowing into the seas along the growing population and industries in the coastal areas. Notable in those days was the issues of environment conservation in the enclosed coastal seas where pollutants were prone to accumulate inside due to low level of water circulation, resulting in the issues including red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass. In responding to these issues, we implemented countermeasures like effluent control with the Water Pollution Control Law and improvement/expansion of sewage facilities. In the extensive enclosed coastal seas of Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay and the Seto Inland Sea, the three areas of high concentration of population, we implemented water quality total reduction in seven terms from 1979, reducing the total quantities of pollutant load of COD, TN and TP. Sea water quality hence has been on an improvement trend as a whole along the steady reduction of pollutants from the land. We however recognize that there are differences in improvement by sea area such as red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass continue to occur in some areas. Meanwhile, it has been pointed out that bio-diversity and bio-productivity should be secured through conservation/creation of tidal flats and seaweed beds in the view point of “Bountiful Sea” To work at these challenges, through the studies depending on the circumstances of the water environment in the enclosed coastal seas, we composed “The Policy of Desirable State of 8th TPLCS” in 2015. We have also added the sediment DO into the water quality standard related to the life-environmental items in view of the preservation of aquatic creatures in the enclosed water areas. Important from now on, along the Policy, is to proceed with necessary measures to improve water quality with good considerations of differences by area in the view point of “Beautiful and bountiful Sea”.

Seasonal variation of water-column light utilization efficiency for primary production in Saroma-ko Lagoon

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Akihiro Shiomoto ◽  
Yushi Kamuro
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Light Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Light Utilization ◽  
Sunlight Intensity

Abstract In Saroma-ko Lagoon, where scallop aquaculture is a thriving commercial activity, monitoring primary production is essential for determining the amount of scallops that can be farmed. Using the primary production data obtained so far, we calculated Ψ, an index of water-column light utilization efficiency, and clarified its seasonal variation. Ψ tended to be lower in the spring bloom season (February–April), and higher in the late autumn to winter (October–December). Low chlorophyll-normalized production, an index of growth rate, resulted in lower values, while low daily irradiance resulted in higher values. The values of Ψ from our study had a range of 0.05–1.42 gC gChl-a−1 mol photons−1 m2 (N = 56). These values were within the previously reported range of 0.07–1.92 (gC gChl-a−1 mol photons−1 m2) for seawater and fresh water worldwide. Therefore, it is likely that Ψ varies from 0.05–2 gC gChl-a−1 mol photons−1 m2, being affected by conditions of phytoplankton growth and sunlight intensity, regardless of whether samples are collected from seawater or fresh water. Using the median Ψ value of 0.45 gC gChl-a−1 mol photons−1 m2 obtained in this study, primary production was 0.3–3.5 times the actual production at Saroma-ko Lagoon. Using this method, primary production can be easily and constantly monitored, facilitating the sustainable development of scallop aquaculture.

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