Trophic relationships between two gurnards Trigla lucerna and Aspitrigla obscura from the western Mediterranean

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Morte ◽  
M.J. Redon ◽  
A. Sanz-Brau
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Feeding Types ◽  
Food Items

The feeding habits of Trigla lucerna L. (1758) and Aspitrigla obscura L. (1764) (Pisces: Triglidae), off the coast of the Gulf of Valencia (Spain), were investigated between October 1989 and January 1991. The two species examined in this study appear to have distinct feeding types, based on the species composition of prey and the frequency of occurrence of major food items. Tub gurnard had a more diverse diet and fed mainly on crustaceans (mysids and decapods), teleosts and molluscs, whilst long fin gurnard were less piscivorous and fed mainly on mysids and natantids. No significant differences were found in the annual variation of vacuity coefficient for either species. Diet composition in these species did not show great changes with either season and size of fish. There was little dietary overlap between these two species.

scholarly journals Diet of two serrasalmin species, Pygocentrus piraya and Serrasalmus brandtii (Teleostei: Characidae), along a stretch of the rio de Contas, Bahia, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Emília de Jesus Trindade ◽  
Ricardo Jucá-Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Gill Nets ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Feeding Plasticity

Serrasalmus brandtii and Pygocentrus piraya are two common piranha species in the Barragem da Pedra Reservoir, rio de Contas. In order to identify the diet composition of the two species, monthly collections were performed at three sites between May 2001 and April 2003, using two gill nets of different mesh sizes cast at the beginning of the day and visited after 6, 12 and 24 h. The qualitative composition of the diet was analyzed by determining the frequency of occurrence. Comparison of the two species showed a higher relative abundance of S. brandtii (151) compared to P. piraya (55). The food items most frequently found in the stomachs of the two species were fins, fish and shrimp. Serrasalmus brandtii showed a greater feeding plasticity than P. piraya.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DEL CONTENIDO ESTOMACAL DEL CAMARON TITI Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (HELLER) (CRUSTACEA: NATANTIA: PENAEIDAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha L. Cortés ◽  
María M. Críales
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Xiphopenaeus Kroyeri ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Bivalve Shells

Juveniles and adults of the seabob Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller) were collected at monthly invervals between September 1988 and June 1988. The food items were determined in order of descending importance as: detritus and fragments of bivalve shells, polychaete worms, foraminiferans, and crustaceans. There was a difference in the feeding habits between the rainy seasson (September to December) and the dry season (January to June) with items like rotifers, sponges and radiolarians appearing only during the dry season. Analysis of the frequency of occurrence of different food items showed that groups like rotifers and bryozoans appear more frequently in juveniles. Measurements of protein and carbohydrate levels in the stomach contents revealed the highest peaks of proteins for adults in September (92.03 ug/mg dry weight of stomach contents) and for juveniles in December (81.27 ug/mg), and of carbohydrates for adults in October (45.81 ug/mg) and for juveniles in December (35.25 ug/mg). Quantitative differences in proteins and carbohydrates between the two size groups were not statistically significant.

Feeding habits of the seahorse Hippocampus patagonicus in San Antonio Bay (Patagonia, Argentina)

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 1503-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena P. Storero ◽  
Raúl A. González
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Vulnerable Species ◽  
Opportunistic Predator

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary composition of the Patagonian seahorse Hippocampus patagonicus in San Antonio Bay, Patagonia, Argentina. To this end, analyses of stomach and gut contents were carried out and the diet composition was compared to the potential preys available in the natural environment. Samples were collected from different places in San Antonio Bay, a Marine Protected Area in San Matías Gulf. Type and number of prey present in the digestive tracts were registered and frequency of occurrence (%FO) and number of prey (%N) were calculated for each study area. Amphipods (Gammaridae, Caprellidae and Hiperidae) and decapods are the main dietary items of H. patagonicus in San Antonio Bay. There were differences in %FO and %N at different sites, which could indicate differences in abundance and availability of prey in the environment. No dietary differences were detected between sex and size of seahorse (ANOVA, P > 0.05). Results from the present study show that, in nature and probably due to limiting environmental factors, H. patagonicus behaves as an opportunistic predator, which preys on the most abundant and vulnerable species present in the environment.

Feeding habits of oplophorid shrimps in the deep western Mediterranean

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cartes
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Bottom Trawl ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Benthic Species ◽  
Predatory Activity ◽  
Fish Remains ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica ◽  
Lower Slope

Diets of the two deep-sea species of Mediterranean oplophorids were studied by the analysis of 244 foregut contents of Acanthephyra eximia and 69 of Acanthephyra pelagica. All the specimens were collected on the deep slope (between 610 and 2261 m) using an OTSB-14 bottom trawl.The diet of A. pelagica consisted of small mesopelagic fishes (Cyclothone braueri, Myctophidae) and bathypelagic crustaceans (Gennadas elegans, Pasiphaea multidentata, Eucopia hanseni, Meganyctiphanes norvegica, hyperiids). In contrast, A. eximia was an important scavenger, feeding on fish remains. Benthic species (polychaetes, Calocaris macandreae, gastropods, etc.) were also detected in its diet. There was little dietary overlap between the two species. In A. eximia bathypelagic decapods were important only in the diet of large specimens. In small specimens the acquisition of decapod prey was not attributable to active hunting. On the lower slope A. eximia was more detritivorous, and predatory activity was lower. This trend was most distinct in small and medium-sized individuals, which predominate at that level.

Feeding strategies of Polyacanthonotus rissoanus (Pisces: Notacanthidae) in the deep western Mediterranean

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carrassón ◽  
J. Matallanas
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources

The feeding habits of Polyacanthonotus rissoanus, the sixth most abundant species below 1000 m on the deep slope of the Catalan Sea (western Mediterranean), were studied in the Mediterranean Sea. Samples were obtained at depths between 1000 and 2250 m. Diet was analysed for two seasons (summer and autumn) and three different bathymetric strata. The most important food items found were small epibenthic and suprabenthic crustaceans and polychaetes, and occasionally other groups such as Priapulida, Gastropoda and Foraminifera. At 1000–1425 m, the mysids were preferential prey, while in summer at all depths analysed, isopods were a dominant prey. Polychaetes have certain incidence in the diet only at 1000–1425 m, being a dominant prey in autumn. Individuals at the 1000–1425 m depth ingest larger numbers of prey of higher average sizes than those at 1425–2250 m. The scarcity of resources below 1200–1400 m resulted in diversification of diet and encouraged preying on deposited foraminiferans, molluscs or moving copepods.

Feeding ecology of two megrims Lepidorhombus boscii and Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis in the western Mediterranean (Gulf of Valencia, Spain)

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salomé Morte ◽  
Manuel J. Redón ◽  
Antonio Sanz-Brau
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Food Consumed

The stomach contents of 344 four-spotted megrim, (Lepidorhombus boscii) and 159 megrim (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis), off the eastern coast of the Gulf of Valencia (Spain), were analysed. The two species examined do not appear to have very similar diets, based on the species composition of prey. The vacuity coefficient is not high for any of the species, the main food being Crustacea (Decapoda and Mysidacea). Also Amphipoda and Teleostei are components of the diet. Variations in the food of both fish related to their length show few small crustaceans as prey of the major specimens. Finally, there was evidence for seasonal variation of the quality and quantity of the food consumed. There was no great dietary overlap between these two species.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of the ichthyofauna in a protected area in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Muller Gomiero ◽  
Francisco Manoel de Souza Braga
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Food Items

The trophic relationships of a fish community were studied in two basins subjected to a strong human pressure in the interior of the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 211 stomachs of 14 species were analyzed. Diets varied greatly, with the occurrence of piscivory, benthophagy, insectivory, herbivory, and illiophagy. Food items were described for each species and a great amount of insects was registered. Allochthonous and autochthonous food items showed different importance degrees according to the species analyzed. Stomach fullness was high in spring and summer in both basins; these areas were used as reproduction and foraging sites for the studied species.

Utilizing next-generation sequencing to identify prey DNA in western North Atlantic grey seal Halichoerus grypus diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
KR Flanders ◽  
ZH Olson ◽  
KA Ono
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Seal Diet

Increasing grey seal Halichoerus grypus abundance in coastal New England is leading to social, political, economic, and ecological controversies. Central to these issues is the foraging ecology and diet composition of the seals. We studied grey seal feeding habits through next-generation sequencing of prey DNA using 16S amplicons from seal scat (n = 74) collected from a breeding colony on Monomoy Island in Massachusetts, USA, and report frequency of occurrence and relative read abundance. We also assigned seal sex to scat samples using a revised PCR assay. In contrast to current understanding of grey seal diet from hard parts and fatty acid analysis, we found no significant difference between male and female diet measured by alpha and beta diversity. Overall, we detected 24 prey groups, 18 of which resolved to species. Sand lance Ammodytes spp. were the most frequently consumed prey group, with a frequency of occurrence (FO) of 97.3%, consistent with previous studies, but Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus, the second most frequently consumed species (FO = 60.8%), has not previously been documented in US grey seal diet. Our results suggest that a metabarcoding approach to seal food habits can yield important new ecological insights, but that traditional hard parts analysis does not underestimate consumption of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (FO = 6.7%, Gadidae spp.) and salmon Salmo salar (FO = 0%), 2 particularly valuable species of concern.

scholarly journals Assessment of trophic relationships between symbiotic tropical ophiuroids using C and N stable isotope analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fourgon ◽  
G. Lepoint ◽  
I. Eeckhaut
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Tracer Experiment ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotopes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
C And N ◽  
The One

Analyses of the natural abundance of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were performed to investigate the feeding habits of two ophiuroids, Ophiomastix venosa and Ophiocoma scolopendrina, and to assess the potential benefit obtained by the symbiotic Ophiomastix venosa juveniles. A tracer experiment was also carried out to clarify the contribution of algae to the nitrogen uptake amongst the tested ophiuroids. Our results suggest that Ophiocoma scolopendrina adults occupy a higher position in the food web than Ophiomastix venosa and mainly feed on neuston. In contrast, O. venosa adults feed on the alga Sargassum densifolium and on organic matter associated with sediment. Free juveniles and symbiotic juveniles of O. venosa have intermediate δ13C values between both adult species. The high proportion of 13C in the symbiotic juveniles compared to the one in their conspecific adults indicates that their diet slightly differs from the latter and is closer to that of Ophiocoma scolopendrina. This raises the hypothesis that symbiotic juveniles steal neuston from their associated host, O. scolopendrina.

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