Diet and feeding biology of Haminoea orbygniana (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea)

The diet and functional biology of the digestive system of the cephalaspidean gastropod Haminoea orbygniana was investigated by gut content analysis of animals collected in the Ria Formosa, a coastal lagoon in southern Portugal. The results show that this species is herbivorous, stenophagic and probably non-selective, feeding mainly on diatoms (67·61%) and occasionally on vegetal detritus (4·16%) and Foraminifera (0·04%), but also including sand grains as an important part of the gut contents (28·34%). The role of the gizzard plates in the fragmentation of diatom frustules was demonstrated and is discussed. Data reveal that this process, although possibly important for the digestion and assimilation of food, seems not to be crucial. The role of sand as an additional food source and as an accessory tool complementary to the gizzard plates is discussed. A general review of the diet within the family Haminoeidae is presented, with all recent work indicating that they feed on diatoms and green algae.

Download Full-text

Analisis Isi Lambung Ikan Selais Terang Bulan (Kryptopterus bicirrhis, Valenciennes 1840) Di Desa Rantau Kasih Sungai Kampar Kiri Propinsi Riau

Biospecies ◽

10.22437/biospecies.v11i1.4998 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 57-63

Author(s):

Ermi Yeni ◽

Roza Elvyra

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Additional Food ◽

Male And Female ◽

Carnivorous Fish ◽

Supplementary Food ◽

Main Food

The study on gut content of Selais Terang Bulan fish (Kryptopterus bicirrhis) in Rantau Kasih village Kampar Kiri river was conducted from Februari- April 2017. The purpose of this study was to know about gut content of Selais Terang Bulan fish which was categorized as main food, supplementary food and additional food. The analysis is done based on the instruction of Natardjan and Jhingran (1961). The gut content was analized using the Index of preponderance. The result revealed that the main food of Selais Terang Bulan fish in Rantau Kasih village is adult Arthropoda with IP value (78.85%), and supplementary food is caterpillar (25.15%). Male and female fishes at have main food of adult Arthropoda with different percentages are (82.81%) male and female (71.32%). Based on the gut content analysis of Selais Terang Bulan fish was a carnivorous fish.

Download Full-text

Food and Feeding Habits of the Mola Carplet Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822) in Rice Field Ecosystem with Consideration of Water Quality Parameters

Our Nature ◽

10.3126/on.v11i1.8245 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 61-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Md. Mostafizur Rahman Mondol ◽

Dil Afroz Nahar ◽

Somen Dewan ◽

Md. Mosaddequr Rahman ◽

Saleha Jasmine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Rice Field ◽

Feeding Habits ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Field Ecosystem ◽

Food And Feeding ◽

Plankton Population

The present investigation was conducted in the Agronomy field laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during May 1999 to August 1999 to reveal the food and feeding habits of Amblypharyngodon mola in the rice field ecosystem. Percentage of frequency of occurrence and percentage in number methods were used for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of plankton population. Results showed that, during the present study, the water quality parameters were within the suitable range for optimal fish growth and plankton population was abundant in the water of the rice plots. Gut content analysis of A. mola revealed a sum of 32 genera of phytoplankton belonging to Chlorophyceae (17), Euglenophyceae (2), Cyanophyceae (7) and Bacillariophyceae (6) and 8 genera of zooplankton under Rotifera (3), Cladocera (2) and Copepoda (3). In general, Navicula, Fragilaria, Chlorella, Chrysococcus, Closterium, Oscillatoria and Gomphosphaeria were found abundant both in the water of the rice plots and in the gut contents of A. mola indicating that, these genera are preferred food of this fish in the rice field ecosystem. Gut content analysis also exposed that, phytoplankton was the major food item constituting 94.38% of the gut contents’ composition of A. mola whereas zooplankton comprised only 5.62%. The results of this study conclude that, the A. mola is planktivorous in nature, feeding mostly on phytoplankton and could be a suitable species for integrated rice-fish farming.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v11i1.8245 Our Nature Vol.11(1) 2013: 61-75

Download Full-text

Analisis Isi Lambung Ikan Selais Terang Bulan (Kryptopterus bicirrhis, Valenciennes 1840) di Desa Rantau Kasih Sungai Kampar Kiri Propinsi Riau

Biospecies ◽

10.22437/biospecies.v10i2.3922 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ermi YENI ◽

Roza ELVYRA

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Additional Food ◽

Male And Female ◽

Carnivorous Fish ◽

Supplementary Food ◽

Main Food

The study on gut content of Selais Terang Bulan fish (Kryptopterus bicirrhis) in Rantau Kasih village Kampar Kiri river was conducted from Februari-April 2017. The purpose of this study was to know about gut content of Selais Terang Bulan fish which was categorized as main food, supplementary food and additional food. The analysis is done based on the instruction of Natardjan and Jhingran (1961). The gut content was analized using the Index of preponderance. The result revealed that the main food of Selais Terang Bulan fish in Rantau Kasih village is adult Arthropoda with IP value (78.85%), and supplementary food is caterpillar (25.15%). Male and female fishes at have main food of adult Arthropoda with different percentages are (82.81%) male and female (71.32%). Based on the gut content analysis of Selais Terang Bulan fish was a carnivorous fish. Keyword: gut content analysis, Kryptopterus bicirrhis, Kampar kiri river

Download Full-text

Differential Predation by Northern Squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) on Live and Dead Juvenile Salmonids in the Bonneville Dam Tailrace (Columbia River)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f94-119 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 1197-1204 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

James H. Petersen ◽

Dena M. Gadomski ◽

Thomas P. Poe

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Chinook Salmon ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Columbia River ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Juvenile Salmonids ◽

Differential Predation ◽

The Impact

Juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) that have been killed or injured during dam passage may be highly vulnerable or preferred prey of predators that aggregate below dams. Salmonid loss due to predation will be overestimated using gut content analysis if some prey were dead or moribund when consumed. To examine this issue, field experiments were conducted in the Bonneville Dam tailrace (Columbia River) to compare rates of capture of live and dead juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis). Known numbers of coded-wire-tagged live and dead chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) were released into the tailrace on six nights. Northern squawfish were collected after each release and their gut contents were examined for tags. When 50% of salmon released were dead, northern squawfish consumed 62% dead salmon. When 10% of salmon released were dead, comparable with dam passage mortality, 22% of the tags found in northern squawfish digestive tracts were from dead salmon. These results indicate that predator feeding behavior and prey condition are important considerations when estimating the impact of predation on a prey population.

Download Full-text

Trophic level and position of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in Ciliwung River (Jakarta, Indonesia) ecosystem based on the gut content analysis

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210665 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Dewi Elfidasari ◽

Fahma Wijayanti ◽

Afifatus Sholihah

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Trophic Level ◽

Relative Length ◽

Niche Overlap ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Natural Diet ◽

Level Ii ◽

Niche Area

Abstract. Elfidasari D, Wijayanti F, Sholihah A. 2020. Trophic level and Position of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in Ciliwung River (Jakarta, Indonesia) ecosystem based on the gut content analysis. Biodiversitas 21: 2862-2870. The trophic level of an organism describes its sequence of natural diet visible to the food chain along with its ecosystem. This is also related to the type of diet composition and food fraction obtained by analyzing its gut content. The Pterygoplichthys pardalis from Ciliwung River show the diversity of the natural diet. The aims of this study is to determine the trophic level and position of P. pardalis in the Ciliwung River ecosystem based on gut content analysis using the purposive sampling method. Data were obtained from a total of 30 fishes from the Kalibata and Cawang areas through observations. The fishes were dissected, and gut contents were observed using a light microscope, with observations repeated 5 times of each sample. Data analysis includes relative length of gut, Index of Preponderance, area of the diet niche, niche area, niche overlap, and trophic level of an organism. The results showed that P. pardalis in Ciliwung River is at trophic level II, and included as herbivores (2.00 < troph < 2.90) that consist of Bacillariophyta (82.03%), Chlorophyta (12.7%), Cyanophyta (3.74%), Euglenophyta (1.19%), Amoebozoa (0.28%), and Dinoflagellata (0.68%).

Download Full-text

Combining molecular gut content analysis and functional response models shows how body size affects prey choice in soil predators

10.1101/113944 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Bernhard Eitzinger ◽

Björn C. Rall ◽

Michael Traugott ◽

Stefan Scheu

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Body Size ◽

Functional Response ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Prey Choice ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Response Models ◽

Molecular Gut Content Analysis ◽

Functional Response Models

SummaryPredator-prey interactions are a core concept of animal ecology and functional response models provide a powerful tool to predict the strength of trophic links and assess motives for prey choice. However, due to their reductionist set-up, these models may not display field conditions, possibly leading to skewed results.We tested the validity of functional response models for multiple prey by comparing them with empirical data from DNA-based molecular gut content analysis of two abundant and widespread macrofauna soil predators, lithobiid and geophilomorph centipedes.We collected soil and litter dwelling centipedes, screened their gut contents for DNA of nine abundant decomposer and intraguild prey using specific primers and tested for different prey and predator traits explaining prey choice. In order to calculate the functional response of same predators, we used natural prey abundances and functional response parameters from published experiments and compared both approaches.Molecular gut content results showed that prey choice of centipedes is driven by predator body size and prey identity. Results of functional response models significantly correlated with results from molecular gut content analysis for the majority of prey species.Overall, the results suggest that functional response models are a powerful tool to predict trophic interactions in soil, however, species-specific traits have to be taken into account to improve predictions.

Download Full-text

Molecular Gut-Content Analysis of Adult Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Provides No Evidence of Predation of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in a Nebraska Corn Agroecosystem

Journal of Entomological Science ◽

10.18474/0749-8004-55.4.448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 448-461

Author(s):

Camila Oliveira-Hofman ◽

Vinícius S. Victor ◽

Lance J. Meinke ◽

Julie A. Peterson

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Ground Beetle ◽

Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽

Ground Beetles ◽

Western Corn Rootworm ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Corn Rootworm ◽

Pitfall Traps ◽

Gut Content Analysis ◽

Gut Content

Abstract This study was conducted to characterize the ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) community in Nebraska continuous cornfields and investigate the potential for predation of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, a key root-feeding insect pest that is an annual management challenge in this system. Seven collection dates were conducted at five commercial cornfields in west central Nebraska during the growing season of 2014. In each field, carabids were sampled using five 24-h pitfall traps. Carabid specimens were placed in 95% ethanol in the field and stored at –20°C to preserve DNA. After identification to the species level, DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction was conducted for gut-content analysis using D. v. virgifera-specific primers. Data from single-plant emergence cages and yellow sticky cards showed high abundance of D. v. virgifera prey in three of the five fields sampled. Sixteen genera and 36 carabid species were found in pitfall traps. Of the total 235 carabid specimens tested in this study, zero tested positive for D. v. virgifera DNA. The lack of positive results for the presence of D. v. virgifera DNA in the gut-contents of carabids, despite abundant pest populations, indicates that, in this system, ground beetles may not be a strong mortality agent of D. v. virgifera. However, results presented here contribute to our knowledge of carabid diversity in agroecosystems and indicate that future D. v. virgifera biological control efforts in this region should focus on other natural enemies and/or other life stages of carabids, such as larvae.

Download Full-text