Benthic macrofauna associated with decomposition of leaves in a mangrove forest in Ilhéus, State of Bahia, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1479-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Bomfim de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandra Elaine Rizzo ◽  
Erminda da Conceição ◽  
Guerreiro Couto
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Benthic Macrofauna ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Polychaete Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neanthes Succinea ◽  
Heteromastus Filiformis

We identified and quantified the benthic macrofauna associated with decomposing leaves of Rhizophora mangle and Laguncularia racemosa, to observe the differences in the abundance and composition of macrofauna between these mangrove species, and to examine whether the abundance and composition of organisms changed with different stations and collection times. Benthic macrofauna, mainly polychaetes and amphipods, were recorded from the fifth day after the installation of the experiment. Annelids including Oligochaeta and Polychaeta were the most numerous group. Crustacea were represented by peracarids (Amphipoda and Tanaidacea) and decapods. Of Hexapoda, only juvenile forms and pupae were present. The most abundant polychaete species was Perinereis brevicirrata, followed by Capitella cf. capitata, Heteromastus filiformis and Neanthes succinea. In one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) there were no statistical differences between the macrofauna of mangrove species, seasons, or collection times, except among collection times for R. mangle litter bags. Two-way ANOVA showed homogeneity for macrofauna abundance between the groups of collection times for both mangrove species. The richness was similar for R. mangle litter bags, and showed a significant difference for L. racemosa. Abundance and richness were also similar between the mangrove species. The colonization of detritus by benthic invertebrates followed a successional sequence during the decomposition process. This suggests that the density of these organisms and their foraging behaviour affected the decomposition rates of leaves of R. mangle and L. racemosa.

scholarly journals Paleoenvironment interpretation of a 1760 years B.P. old sediment in a mangrove area of the Bay of Guanabara, using pollen analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortrud M. Barth ◽  
Luiz E.U. São-Thiago ◽  
Marcia A. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Sandy Ground ◽  
Drilling Core ◽  
Actual Size ◽  
Avicennia Schaueriana

A sediment sample was obtained at 122 cm from the top of a drilling core in the Guapimirim mangrove, Bay of Guanabara, and analyzed using pollen analysis. This muddy core reached a sandy ground at 133 cm. 14C datation got the age of 1760 ± 50 years B.P. The most frequent pollen grains were mangrove species of Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia schaueriana. "Restinga" and tropical rain forest vegetation was recognized behind the mangrove. After the last sea transgression at 2500 years B.P., the water level lowered to its actual size, allowing the installation of this mangrove.

Decomposition and nutrient release from green needles of western hemlock and Pacific silver fir in an old-growth temperate rain forest9 Olympic National Park, Washington

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1049-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Edmonds ◽  
Ted B. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Olympic National Park ◽  
Significant Difference

Decomposition rates and nutrient dynamics (for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Na) were determined for green needles of western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and Pacific silver fir (Abiesamabilis (Dougl.) Forb.) in an old-growth forested watershed (58 ha West Twin Creek) in the Hoh River valley, Olympic National Park, Washington. The influence of temperature and substrate chemistry on decomposition was determined. Temperature was the dominant factor controlling decomposition rates in the first year in this watershed, with the fastest decomposition at an elevation of 275 m (lower watershed) and the slowest decomposition at 725 m (upper watershed). After 12 months mass loss averaged 36% in the lower watershed and 28% in the upper watershed. There was no significant difference in decomposition rates between species. Substrate chemistry, i.e., the lignin/N ratio, became a more important factor than temperature as decomposition proceeded. After 37 months mass loss for needles averaged 61% for western hemlock and 50% for Pacific silver fir, with no difference by watershed location. After 61 months both types of substrates appeared to be approaching similar substrate chemistry and similar decomposition rates and there were no significant differences by species or watershed location. Decomposition constants (k values) after 61 months were 0.26 and 0.20 year−1 for western hemlock needles in the lower and upper watershed, respectively, and 0.22 and 0.19 year−1 for Pacific silver fir needles in the lower and upper watershed, respectively. Nitrogen was immobilized during the first 12 months of decomposition in needles of both species and then released. No other elements were immobilized during the initial (0- to 12-month) decomposition period, except for Ca in Pacific silver fir needles. However, in the 37- to 61-month period there was a considerable immobilization of Mg and Na in both species in the upper and lower watershed and K and Mn in both species in the upper watershed.

Assessing Decomposition Rates of Rhizophora mangle and Laguncularia racemosa Leaves in a Tropical Mangrove

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1354-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Bomfim de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandra Elaine Rizzo ◽  
Erminda da Conceição Guerreiro Couto
Keyword(s):  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Decomposition Rates

scholarly journals DECOMPOSITION OF LEAF LITTER IN THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO, CERRADÃO AND FOREST ENVIRONMENTS IN THE AMAZON, BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Maria Clécia Gomes Sales ◽  
Milton César Costa Campos ◽  
Elilson Gomes de Brito Filho ◽  
Luís Antônio Coutrim Dos Santos ◽  
José Maurício Da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Input ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Loss Analysis

The soils of the Amazon region, despite being under one of the densest forests in the world, are mostly characterized by low nutrient availability, with litter being the main nutrient input route. The present work aimed to evaluate the litter decomposition in forest, Cerrado and Cerradão environments in the Amazon. The litter decomposition rate was estimated by mass loss analysis using litter bags. The collections were performed at intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270 and 300 days, with four replications. Once collected, the material contained in each litter bag was placed to dry to obtain the dry mass. And so, the remaining mass percentage, the decomposition rates (k) and the half-life time (t1/2) are estimated. During the studied period, the Cerrado environment presented the lowest constant k (0.0017 g g-1 day-1) and consequently longer half-life (407 days). The monthly deposition in Cerrado input ranged from Mgha-1mother1 (June to September). Among the evaluated environments, the forest presented the highest decomposition speed and Cerrado presented the lowest one. It was evidenced that the decomposition process for all studied environments occurred with greater intensity in the rainy season.

scholarly journals Effect of probiotic supplement feed on the foraging activity of Indian honeybee (Apis cerana indica F.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4(SI)) ◽  
pp. 1093-1097
Author(s):  
I. Padma-Shree ◽  
◽  
S.S.J. Roseleen ◽  
C.G.L. Justin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Present Observation ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foraging Rate ◽  
Apis Cerana Indica

Aim: To investigate the effect of probiotic supplement feed on the foraging behaviour Indian honeybee colonies to resolve the excessive usage of antibiotics. Methodology: The effect of sugar syrup feed (Untreated hives) and sugar syrup + probiotic supplement feed @ 10 ml 100 ml-1 syrup (Treated hives) on Indian honeybees was tested. The foraging activity and foraging rate were recorded and subjected to paired t- test analysis. Results: The present observation showed a significant difference in the foraging rate between the colonies fed with sugar syrup + probiotic supplement (2.33 ± 0.11 min-1) than the colonies that received sugar syrup alone (1.35 ± 0.06 min-1). The highest foraging rate (2.80 ± 0.39 min-1) was recorded in treated hives. Interpretation: The experiment revealed that the brood development was directly proportional to brood pheromone levels, which positively affects the foragers, consequently foraging rate and honey production. Thus, the probiotic supplement feeding may influence the foraging behaviour of honeybee colonies.

scholarly journals Changes in Austrian pine forest floor properties in relation with altitude in mountainous areas

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Sevgi ◽  
B. Tecimen H
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tree Canopies ◽  
Medium Correlation

Altitudinal studies has become of interest to ecologists concentrated on functional alterations aiming to clarify the effects of limiting factors. Nutrient element release from forest floor (FF) decomposition is suppressed by those factors such as low temperature, shortened vegetation period concluding FF accumulation at high elevation fields. To draw out a response to the FF decomposition issue, FF layers as leaf + fermentation (L + F) and humus (H) were collected from 37 representative sample plots along an altitudinal gradient (from 1,400 m to 1,710 m) on Kaz (Balikesir-Turkey) mountain. Mass, pH, organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (Nt) contents of FF were investigated to explain the relation between decomposition and altitudinal effects. The results revealed that total FF mass and (L + F), (H) sub-fraction masses through elevation show an insignificant relation with the altitude. No significant difference was found between the altitudinal groups in the OM content of L + F. Besides there are significant negative correlations between OM contents (%) of L + F and H layers and altitude with the coefficient values 0.342 (<I>P</I>< 0.05) and 0.597 (<I>P</I> < 0.01), respectively. The Nt content of L + F layer also increases through the elevation revealing a medium correlation with altitude (0.368; <I>P</I> < 0.05). The increasing Nt and decreasing OM contents show better decomposition rates at higher sites regardless of the altitude induced climatic changes. We assume that the forest floor accumulation under tree canopies provides a better decomposition relying on the microclimatic environment mediated by tree canopies, in spite of the altitude.

scholarly journals Decomposition and nutrient release of leguminous green manure species in the Jaguaribe-Apodi region, Ceará, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 970-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natanael Santiago Pereira ◽  
Ismail Soares ◽  
Fábio Rodrigues de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Dolichos Lablab ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

ABSTRACT: The use of leguminous green manure can be an alternative for the region agricultural systems due to its ability to incorporate significant amounts of nutrients into the soil through decomposition and nutrient release from biomass. This study aimed to evaluate the decomposition rates and nutrient release of six leguminous green manure species ( Crotalaria juncea , Canavalia ensiformes , Cajanus cajan , Crotalaria spectabilis , Dolichos lablab and Mucuna deeringiana ) in an area of the Jaguaribe-Apodi agricultural region, Brazil. Experiment was carried out under field conditions in a randomized block design with five replications. Decomposition and nutrient release from leguminous biomass were monitored by sampling at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after installing litter bags. In general, Crotalaria spectabilis and Canavalia ensiformes showed higher decomposition and nutrient release rates and they are the most promising for the region in the conditions of this study. However, for greater persistence of residues in the soil, Crotalaria juncea is more recommended.

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