Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects of a sea cucumberHolothuria leucospilota, from the north coast of the Persian Gulf

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1401-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Mohammadizadeh ◽  
Maryam Ehsanpor ◽  
Majid Afkhami ◽  
Amin Mokhlesi ◽  
Aida Khazaali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
The North ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Bioactive compounds of gonad, respiration tree, cuvierian organ, and body wall of the sea cucumberHolothuria leucospilotacollected from the north coast of the Persian Gulf were extracted using ethyl acetate, methanol and water–methanol solvents. Extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities againstAspergillus niger,Candida albicans,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosaandEscherichia coli. The activity was determined using the disc diffusion test. Cytotoxic activities of the extracts were determined by brine shrimp lethality assay. Results demonstrated that theA. nigerwas shown to be the most sensitive microorganism followed byC. albicans. The inhibition zone againstA. nigerandC. albicanshad minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 3 to 7 μg/ml. The highest antifungal activity was found in G (water–methanol) with an inhibition zone of 50 mm againstA. nigerat 18 μg/ml extract concentration continuing with CT (methanol) with 46 mm inhibition zone againstA. nigerat 18 μg/ml extract concentration. The highest cytotoxic effect of methanol extract was found with LC50values of about 40.31 μg/ml in the gonad organ fromH. leucospilotacontinuing with the respiration tree organ with LC50values of about 72.49 μg/ml.

Preliminary Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts from Actinidia macrosperma

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 1200-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Lu ◽  
Yun Peng Zhao ◽  
Cheng Xin Fu
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and aqueous successive extracts from the stems of Actinidia macrosperma C. F. Liang have been screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro using the disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). General toxicity of these extracts has also been assessed by brine shrimp lethality assay. The chloroform extract exhibited the most significant antimicrobial (MIC in the range of 60–500μg/ml, MBC in the range of 150–1000μg/ml, MFC in the range of 170–600μg/ml) and cytotoxic activities (LC50=16.82μg/ml at 24 hours).

Distribution of ascidians Phallusia nigra (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) on the north coast of the Persian Gulf, Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Afkhami ◽  
Maryam Ehsanpour ◽  
Farida Forouzan ◽  
Kazem Darvish Bastami ◽  
Amir Houshang Bahri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The Persian Gulf

scholarly journals Distribution of ascidians Phallusia nigra (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) on the north coast of the Persian Gulf, Iran – RETRACTION

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Afkhami ◽  
Maryam Ehsanpour ◽  
Farida Forouzan ◽  
Kazem Darvish Bastami ◽  
Amir Houshang Bahri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects of Holothuria scabra from the North Coast of the Persian Gulf

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mohammadizadeh ◽  
M. Ehsanpor ◽  
M. Afkhami ◽  
A. Mokhlesi ◽  
A. Khazaali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Holothuria Scabra ◽  
The North ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Palmyra under the Aegis of Rome

1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Political Influences ◽  
The North ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Persian Gulf

In the most southerly group of desert routes between Syria and Mesopotamia Palmyra lies at the cross-roads. The north-eastward route from Damascus to Circesium is crossed by the eastward route from Emesa, now Homs, to Babylonia. Palmyra owes this key-position first to its precious springs and secondly to the fact that here the natural traffic lines from west to east debouch from the Syrian mountains into the head of the eastwardlooking basin of the Wadi el Khorr, a winter tributary of the Euphrates. Nor were these obvious routes the sole possibility. At Circesium the Euphrates may be crossed: at its eastward turn the lower river and its valley-dwellers become dominant—here runs the modern frontier between Syria and Iraq. Avoiding this control, caravan routes, negotiable solely by those with intimate knowledge of the waste and its people, lead direct to the heart of Mesopotamia and onwards to the Persian Gulf. As between East and West, Palmyra, an island in the desert, offered both a mart for exchange and an essential staging-point for direct through traffic. Its possessors were by nature masters of the situation; and, while they might be subject to the cultural or political influences of either East or West, their geographical isolation secured for them an independence founded upon pre-eminent experience of desert ways, which constituted them the natural masters and middlemen of the caravan routes that met and branched or crossed in their oasis.

scholarly journals Application of wavelet transform for evaluation of hydrocarbon reservoirs: example from Iranian oil fields in the north of the Persian Gulf

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Saadatinejad ◽  
H. Hassani
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Continuous Wavelet Transform ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Petroleum Reservoirs ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Continuous Wavelet ◽  
The North ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Southwest Of Iran

Abstract. The Persian Gulf and its surrounding area are some of the biggest basins and have a very important role in producing huge amounts of hydrocarbon, and this potential was evaluated in order to explore the target for geoscientists and petroleum engineers. Wavelet transform is a useful and applicable technique to reveal frequency contents of various signals in different branches of science and especially in petroleum studies. We applied two major capacities of continuous mode of wavelet transform in seismic investigations. These investigations were operated to detect reservoir geological structures and some anomalies related to hydrocarbon to develop and explore new petroleum reservoirs in at least 4 oilfields in the southwest of Iran. It had been observed that continuous wavelet transform results show some discontinuities in the location of faults and are able to display them more clearly than other seismic methods. Moreover, continuous wavelet transform, utilizing Morlet wavelet, displays low-frequency shadows on 4 different iso-frequency vertical sections to identify reservoirs containing gas. By comparing these different figures, the presence of low-frequency shadows under the reservoir could be seen and we can relate these variations from anomalies at different frequencies as an indicator of the presence of hydrocarbons in the target reservoir.

scholarly journals A fifth-millennium BC cemetery in the north Persian Gulf: the Zohreh Prehistoric Project

Antiquity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (353) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Digital Reference ◽  
The North ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The Zohreh Prehistoric Project (ZPP), a long-term archaeological research programme focused on the river valley south of the modern city of Behbahan in Khuzestan Province, was launched in April 2015 (Figure 1). The valley, which lies in close proximity to the northern coast of the Persian Gulf, was surveyed extensively during the early 1970s by Hans Nissen from the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (Nissen & Redman 1971; Dittmann 1984, 1986). The ZPP aims to develop full-coverage archaeological survey of the valley, focusing on the human landscape over time, mostly in relation to settlement hierarchy and dynamics, modes of production and the emergence of regional centres at the end of the fifth and beginning of the fourth millennia BC. The focal point for the project is the principal site of the Zohreh Valley, known as Tol-e Chega Sofla (39RN1Q22108; the site was previously registered as Chogha Sofla, BZ.71 (Dittmann 1984: 110). We have changed this to reflect its local name. The digital reference is the unique Iranian archaeology map registration number.

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