Reproductive patterns of the black starry sea urchin Arbacia stellata in Punta Banda, Baja California, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (06) ◽  
pp. 1379-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Patricia Díaz-Martínez ◽  
Eugenio De Jesús Carpizo-Ituarte ◽  
Francisco Benítez-Villalobos

AbstractWidely distributed species such as Arbacia stellata adjust patterns of their life history according to local conditions. In the present study the reproductive cycle of this species was analysed throughout a sampling year. Gonadal development cycle, sex ratio, actual fecundity and oocyte size distribution were characterized and the relationship of these reproductive characteristics with environmental variables such as sea surface temperature, photoperiod, chlorophyll a and net primary production evaluated. Our results showed that A. stellata is a gonochoric sea urchin. Gametogenesis was classified into six stages for both sexes (immature, growth, pre-maturity I, pre-maturity II, mature and spawning) and no synchrony was observed for the gonads between individuals. The female to male ratio was close to 1:1 in most months. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed significant differences between sexes or months; however, the highest values were observed during spring, with positive correlation with chlorophyll a. No significant differences were observed in the maturity index (MI) between sexes, with a positive correlation with temperature but negative with chlorophyll. Actual fecundity showed wide variations throughout the year and correlation with chlorophyll a and temperature. Oocyte size distribution was unimodal and the predominant frequency was that of mature oocytes. The reproductive cycle of A. stellata has a semi-continuous pattern for both sexes and partial spawning throughout the year in the sampling site. We observed nutrient assimilation in the gonads during spring and a larger reproductive activity from late summer to early winter.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Ura ◽  
Narumi Takei ◽  
Ichiro Higuchi ◽  
Tomoharu Yuhi ◽  
Osamu Nishimiya ◽  
...  

AbstractBoth female and male sea urchins accumulate the major yolk protein (MYP) in the nutritive phagocytes of immature gonads before gametogenesis, and MYP is the most abundant protein in the coelomic fluid of both sexes. In females, MYP in the coelomic fluid is taken up by the nutritive phagocytes and transported to the growing oocytes. This study examined quantitative changes of MYP in the coelomic fluid of both sexes during the reproductive cycle of wild sea urchins,Mesocentrotus nudus. Levels of MYP in the coelomic fluid of females increased and reached a peak at the histological pre-mature stage of gonad activity (i.e. Stage 3), and positive correlation between the MYP level and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was observed. In male sea urchins the level of MYP in the coelomic fluid increased at the pre-mature stage, though positive correlation between the MYP level and GSI was not observed. These results indicate that MYP in the coelomic fluid is suitable as a biomarker of the onset and progression of sexual maturity in female sea urchins.


2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Ward ◽  
A. R. Davis

The Sydney turban shell Turbo torquatus is the focus of a small-scale commercial fishery in New South Wales. Effective management requires knowledge of the reproductive biology, yet this is lacking for NSW waters. The reproductive cycle was investigated at three localities on the southern New South Wales coast. Samples of T. torquatus were collected monthly at Wollongong, Ulladulla and Eden from February 1996 until August or December 1997. The reproductive cycle was investigated by three methods: monthly determination of a gonadosomatic index, estimation of oocyte size-frequency distributions and classification of female gonads into developmental stages following histological sectioning. Males and females within a population underwent synchronous gonad development and spawning. Spawning events were often protracted over a period of several months with females in various stages of gonadal development. Two spawning events occurred each year, with a spawning event in autumn–winter and another in spring–summer. These events were asynchronous among the three localities, and partial spawning appeared to be a common occurrence. Owing to variation in the timing of spawning between populations separated by a distance as small as 15 km, seasonal closures to protect spawning stocks are unlikely to be effective.


1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Appleford ◽  
T. A. Anderson ◽  
G. J. Gooley

The gonadal development, reproductive cycle and growth of Macquarie perch, Macquaria australasica Cuvier, in Lake Dartmouth and selected tributaries of the Murray–Darling River Basin in south-eastern Australia were evaluated. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and histological analysis were used to determine gonadal development and age and size at first maturity in the resident Lake Dartmouth population. GSI analysis was also used to determine age and size of Macquarie perch at first maturity in the inflowing Mitta Mitta River and other riverine populations within the Goulburn River catchment. Males appeared slightly smaller at first spawning than females at all sites; both sexes were fully mature at four years of age. Differences in size at first maturity were found between the lake and river populations; both males and females of river populations tended to mature at a much smaller size than the fish resident in the lake. Spawning occurred around November. Ovarian and testicular development in this species follows a pattern similar to that of other native Australian percichthyids. The implications for management of recreational fisheries based on minimum size regulations is discussed in relation to site-specific differences in growth rates and size of first maturity of fish.


1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA CECÍLIA BERNARDES PADILHA TRIPPIA

Foi realizado o estudo do comprimento total, peso total e peso das gônadas; dos índices gonadais e do fator de condição (K), em relação à variação da densidade populacional em três diferentes tratamentos do experimento com Trichogaster trichopterus e, além dos estudos citados, também foi realizada no experimento com Hemichromis bimaculatus, a análise dos estádios de maturação gonadal encontrados, em relação à quantidade de alimento ofertado em quatro diferentes tratamentos. O estudo do fator de condição em relação à quantidade de alimento ofertado em três diferentes tratamentos dos experimentos com Hyphessobrycon callistus e Trichogaster trichopterus também foi realizado. O comprimento total, peso total e peso das gônadas revelaram a tendência de serem inversamente proporcionais à densidade populacional. Porém o comprimento total e o peso total, de H. bimaculatus, revelaram a tendência de serem diretamente proporcionais à quantidade de alimento ofertado. Tanto o índice gonadal como o índice gônado-somático foram mais elevados no tratamento de densidade populacional intermediária, em T. trichopterus. Os menores valores destes índices, em H. bimaculatus, foram registrados no tratamento 3 e os maiores valores nos tratamentos 1 e 2, respectivamente. Em T. trichopterus, experimento quanto à variação da densidade populacional, observaram-se valores muito semelhantes do fator de condição entre os tratamentos 1 e 2. O maior e o menor valor do fator de condição em H. bimaculatus foram observados nos tratamentos 1 e 4, respectivamente. Em H. callistus, o maior e o menor valor do fator de condição foram encontrados, respectivamente, nos tratamentos de maior oferta alimentar e de oferta alimentar intermediária. Em T. trichopterus, o fator de condição revelou a tendência de ser diretamente proporcional à quantidade de alimento ofertado. A espécie H. bimaculatus não evidenciou apresentar tendência à correlação positiva entre maturação gonadal e quantidade de alimento ofertado. Abstract Studies on the Trichogaster trichopterus gonadal development in regard to the variation of the population density were carried out. The following parameters were studied: the total length, total weight and gonads weight; the gonads indexes and the condition factor (K). In the experiment with Hemichromis bimaculatus was concomitantly analysed the maturity stages of the gonads in relation to the quantity of nourishment offered. The nourishment influence in the condition factor (K) of Hyphessobrycon callistus and Trichogaster trichopterus has been analysed. The total length, total weight and gonads weight were estimated to be inversely proportional to the population density. However, the total length and total weight in H. bimaculatus were estimated to be directly proportional to the amount of nourishment offered. The gonadal index and the gonadosomatic index were higher in the treatment of the intermediate population density, in T. trichopterus. The smallest values of these gonads indexes, in H. bimaculatus, were recorded in treatment 3 and the biggest values in treatment 1 and 2, respectively. In T. trichopterus, an experiment about the variation of the population density, similar values were observed between treatment 1 and 2, in relation to the conditional factor. The biggest and smallest values about the conditional factor, in H. bimaculatus, were observed in treatment 1 and 4, respectively. In H. callistus, the highest and the lowest values of the conditional factor were observed, respectively, in the treatment of the highest level of nourishment offered and in the treatment of the intermediate nourishment offered. In T. trichopterus, the conditional factor tended to be directly proportional to the amount of nourishment offered. In the species H. bimaculatus the tendency on the positive correlation between gonadal maturation and amount of nourishment offered is not evident.


Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 737606
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Yuhang Wang ◽  
Xinghong Luo ◽  
Qidi Wu ◽  
...  

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KRISHNA ◽  
K. SINGH

The aim of present study was to compare the changes in thyroid gland with the reproductive cycle of S. heathi. Thyroid showed marked seasonal variation in weight, quantity of colloid and follicular epithelial height, suggesting the thyroid gland to be inactive during quiescence and winter dormancy and active during the time of recrudescence and breeding similarly to the testicular cycle. Plasma thyroxin (T4) concentration showed a significant seasonal change with high concentration during breeding and post-breeding and low concentration during quiescence. However, the T4 concentration increased from breeding to post-breeding phase, when the testes weight was declining. It is suggested that in S. heathi the positive correlation between thyroid and testicular cycles occurs only during the phases of the reproductive cycle when the body weight and testicular activity are also closely correlated.


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