Turkey and the World Since World War II - Turkey: Anglo-American Security Interests 1945–1952, by Ekavi Athanas-Sopoulou. 274 pages, bibliography, index. London, UK: Frank Cass Publishers, 1999. $59.50 (Cloth) ISBN 0-7146-4855-8 - The Cyprus Conspiracy: America, Espionage and the Turkish Invasion, by Brendan O’malley and Ian Craig. 268 pages, bibliography, index, appendix. London, UK: I. B. Tauris, 1999. $29.95 (Cloth) ISBN 1-86064-439-2 - Contemporary Turkish Foreign Policy, by Yasemín Çelik. 176 pages, bibliography, index. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1999. $59.95 (Cloth) ISBN 0-275-96590-2

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Ílter Turan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Turkish Foreign Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Anglo American

Diplomatic Culture in the Canada-U.S. Model of Asymmetrical Relationship

2014 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
E. Komkova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World War ◽  
Policy Strategy ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Rules Of The Game

The management of the Canada–U.S. asymmetry might be defined as rather successful example. After the World War II Canadian and American officials have developed a set of specific bargaining norms, which can be referred to as the “rules of the game”, and “diplomatic culture”. Their existence leads to predictability of relationships, to empathy, and to expectations of “responsible” behavior. The study of the Canada–U.S. model of civilized asymmetrical relationship lays grounds for further investigation on how it can be applied to the foreign policy strategy of the Russian Federation in its relations with asymmetrical partners from the “near neighbourhood”.

Nixon's Grand Design

Worldview ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Donald Brandon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Pearl Harbor ◽  
World War ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Grand Design

For a generation now, America has played a significant role in world affairs. Until Pearl Harbor a reluctant belligerent in World War II, this country was also slow to respond to the challenge of the Soviet Union in the immediate aftermath of that gigantic conflict. But for almost twenty-five years American Presidents have been more or less guided by the policy of “containment.” Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson all introduced variations on the multiple themes of the policy adopted by Harry Truman. Yet each concluded that the world situation allowed no reasonable alternative to an activist American foreign policy in most areas of the globe.

scholarly journals BUDAYA POPULER GAME POKEMON GO SEBAGAI SOFT DIPLOMACY JEPANG

IZUMI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Chadijah Isfariani Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Pokémon Go

Pokemon Go is a smartphone game that blends the real and digital worlds, tasking players with exploring their neighborhoods to find creatures and treasure for in-game use. This research describes the ways Japan uses its soft power in international coorporation relations, particulary through Pokemon Go’s game. Based on Joseph S. Nye, Jr, the soft power defined as the ability of country to achieve its goal using cultural attraction rather than coercion and violence. After the World War II, Japan has tried to change its image as war crime through popular culture, such as anime, manga and cosplay. According to Nye, Japan has more potential resources in soft power compared to the other countries. This research is focus on Popular Culture of Pokemon Go’s Game as Japan’s Soft Diplomacy. Pokemon Go is one of  Japan’s cultural diplomacy activities and the other countries uses popular culture to strengthen the positive image of Japan in the international world. The development of popular culture as a soft power and soft diplomacy also a diplomacy tool of development that can be used by Japan in conducting foreign policy in relation to international cooperation.

scholarly journals A Re-evaluation of the Revisionist - Status Quo Dichotomy in Interwar Turkish Foreign Policy, 1936-1939

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çoban
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Great Power ◽  
World War ◽  
Turkish Foreign Policy ◽  
Secondary Literature

Turkish history during the interwar period (1918-1939) has been described in terms which place it on a dichotomy best used to analyse the actions of the eventual belligerents in World War II. This dichotomy describes the eventual defeated Axis countries as revisionist and the victorious Allies as status quo nations in the interwar period. The contention is that this distinction, taking as its basis the actions of belligerents, is unhelpful in analysing the foreign policy of a non-belligerent state in WWII.Three case studies are examined through the secondary literature as well as archival sources to show that notions of Turkey as either status quo or revisionist are not entirely accurate. This is because Turkish foreign policy can be classified as either or both, thus diminishing the terms’ explanatory utility. Three case studies are; the Montreux Straits Convention (1936), the Saadabad Pact (1937) and the Sanjak dispute of Alexandretta (1936-39). A reading of history which assumes macro level (1914-1945) superiority based on Great Power interests and actions undermines the complexity of Turkish foreign policy in the 1930s. By extension, the practice of subsuming the actions of smaller states under terminology which was intended for Great Powers is challenged. 

scholarly journals The principles of liberal internationalism in diplomatic reality of Lester B. Pearson

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Daria Mikhailovna Pokrovskaia
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
World War ◽  
Liberal Internationalism ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is the practice of liberal internationalistic approach to foreign affairs, which form many decades is a defining factors in studying Canada’s foreign policy. The Canadian liberal internationalism emerged after the World War II, and the concept of its ideology received its development in the 1950’s being inextricably linked to the name of Lester Pearson. The object of this research is the views, ideas and main approaches of Lester Pearson, who held a post of Undersecretary of State and later Prime Minister of Canada, towards the formation of foreign policy of the country. Methodology contains the analysis of personal sources of Lester Pearson and his colleagues, public speeches, official documents of Canadian Department of Foreign Policy, as well as writings of the leading Russian and foreign scholars. The author highlights the key principles of the liberal internationalistic approach towards conducting Canada’s foreign policy, among which is the institutional approach, participation of Canada in world politics as a “medium superpower”, mediation in settlement of international disputes, peacekeeping activity and adherence to the ideas of collective security, etc. A detailed analysis is carried out on the personal views and techniques of conducting diplomacy of Lester Pearson that influences the development of the Canadian liberal internationalism.

Nazi Germany, Appeasement, and Anglo-American Big Business, 1933–1941

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker R. Berghahn
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
World War ◽  
Big Business ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Anglo American

This chapter covers the years up to the official American entry into World War II on the side of Britain and the Soviet Union against Germany, Italy, and Japan. During the years 1933–41, strategies were developed by those six countries and then turned into actual policies that determined the shape of the relations of American big business with Britain and Germany during the subsequent wartime and postwar periods. And this decade was also decisive for the organization of both the world economy and world politics for the following fifty years until the collapse of the Soviet Bloc in 1989–90.

Prophets Mugged by Reality

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
American Jews ◽  
Jewish State ◽  
World War ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The World

This chapter explores the period from 1914 and the beginning of World War I through the end of World War II. The world changed, and so too did the foreign policy beliefs of American Jews—but not as much as might have been expected given this long stretch of murderous anti-Semitism. The American Jewish Committee went to Paris after World War I with the agenda of convincing the victors to force the new national states of Europe to recognize the fundamental rights of minorities and to lobby for a League of Nations with responsibility for monitoring and enforcing those rights. At the same time, there was a slow, cautious acceptance of Zionism. However, not all Zionisms are alike, and as American Jews increased their support for Zionism, they also gravitated toward a version that did not hinge exclusively on the Jewish state.

Wilson and a World Safe for Democracy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Smith
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
World Order ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
World War ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
The World

This chapter examines Woodrow Wilson's comprehensive program for world order that came to constitute the foundation of liberal democratic internationalism, also known as Wilsonianism. Wilson's policy, designed “to make the world safe for democracy,” was not a radical departure from traditional American national security policy. His proposals to restructure world politics on the basis of a liberal world order were consistent with basic propositions of past American foreign policy. The chapter first considers the theory and practice underlying Wilsonianism before discussing the dilemma of Wilson's policy in Europe. It also explores the virtues of Wilsonianism for the postwar world, such as its acknowledgment of the fundamental political importance of nationalism. Finally, it emphasizes the resurgence of Wilsonianism in American foreign policy in the aftermath of World War II.

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