Three Waves of Late Ottoman Historiography, 1950-2007

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Cem Emrence
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Ottoman History ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Late Ottoman ◽  
Analytical Frameworks

Since the middle of the twentieth century there have been three waves of historiography on the late Ottoman world. Each rose to prominence in a different global setting, functioned as a broad intellectual orientation, and was replaced by another somewhat less hegemonic theoretical current after about two decades. The key differences between the three episodes are evident in terms of their thematic priorities, analytical frameworks, and the research designs and methodological choices of scholars. These three waves of Ottoman history writing can be classified as modernization approaches, macro models, and post-structural agendas.

scholarly journals Zemskii Sobor: Historiographies and Mythologies of a Russian “Parliament”

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Sablin ◽  
Kuzma Kukushkin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modern Russian

Focusing on the term zemskii sobor, this study explored the historiographies of the early modern Russian assemblies, which the term denoted, as well as the autocratic and democratic mythologies connected to it. Historians have discussed whether the individual assemblies in the sixteenth and seventeenth century could be seen as a consistent institution, what constituencies were represented there, what role they played in the relations of the Tsar with his subjects, and if they were similar to the early modern assemblies elsewhere. The growing historiographic consensus does not see the early modern Russian assemblies as an institution. In the nineteenth–early twentieth century, history writing and myth-making integrated the zemskii sobor into the argumentations of both the opponents and the proponents of parliamentarism in Russia. The autocratic mythology, perpetuated by the Slavophiles in the second half of the nineteenth century, proved more coherent yet did not achieve the recognition from the Tsars. The democratic mythology was more heterogeneous and, despite occasionally fading to the background of the debates, lasted for some hundred years between the 1820s and the 1920s. Initially, the autocratic approach to the zemskii sobor was idealistic, but it became more practical at the summit of its popularity during the Revolution of 1905–1907, when the zemskii sobor was discussed by the government as a way to avoid bigger concessions. Regionalist approaches to Russia’s past and future became formative for the democratic mythology of the zemskii sobor, which persisted as part of the romantic nationalist imagery well into the Russian Civil War of 1918–1922. The zemskii sobor came to represent a Russian constituent assembly, destined to mend the post-imperial crisis. The two mythologies converged in the Priamur Zemskii Sobor, which assembled in Vladivostok in 1922 and became the first assembly to include the term into its official name.

National Struggle in Foreign Market

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 179-204
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Conte
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
National Market ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman

This paper aims at highlighting the twofold role played by the Italian government in the attempt of supporting and motivating the growth of Italian banking activities in the Ottoman Empire, especially in its capital at the end of the first decade of the twentieth century. The activities of Banco di Roma and Società Commerciale d’Oriente will be analysed within a context of disloyal competition, envies and low blows. The paper will also underline the links existing among these institutions and the Italian government, which will remain their reference point in the Ottoman capital and will demonstrate how Italian banking activities in Constantinople, which depended on the bankers’ good relationships with the Italian political circles rather than on their real financial possibilities, were hindered by recurring conflicts and enmities in the national market. The article also aims to fill the historiographical void on the Italian banking activities in the late Ottoman Empire with the results of the research conducted in the historical archives of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Bank of Italy and Banco di Roma.

Part 4 Constitutionalism and Separation of Powers, 4.1 The Separation of Powers in Muslim Countries: Historical and Comparative Perspectives

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Röder Tilmann J
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Early Modern History ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman

This chapter examines the separation of powers in the late Ottoman Empire—the largest and most powerful Islamic state in early modern history—and its neighbor, the Iranian Empire. Both empires' constitutional legacies presumably influenced the developments in many countries of the Islamic world. It addresses questions such as: Does the separation of powers have roots in the ancient world? And how far did the separation of powers develop in the Islamic empires at the dawn of the twentieth century? The historical observations are followed by a short discussion of the question of which models—historical or contemporary, domestic or foreign—have shaped the constitutional systems of the existing Islamic countries.

Playing the Cerebral Savage: Notes on Writing German History before the Linguistic Turn

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 343-359
Author(s):  
Rudy J. Koshar
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Political History ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
German History ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Formal Properties

I want to begin by suggesting that to speak of a linguistic turn in the writing of modern German history is premature. It may be true that intellectual history on both sides of the Atlantic has taken “the” linguistic turn, in the sense that, more than ever before, much current research involves “a focused concern on the ways meaning is constituted in and through language.” The formal properties, degree of sophistication, and utility for historians of these studies vary greatly. They encompass by now almost classical poststructuralist perspectives, methodologically more conservative discussions of cultural representation, and the influential works of Quentin Skinner and J.G.A. Pocock. Yet history writing on twentieth-century Germany, considered broadly, stands very much before rather than after a linguistic turn, if there will be a turn at all. Scholars of modern German cultural, social, or political history who engage current debates on language and rhetoric in truly innovative ways are the exception rather than the rule. Moreover, considerations of a linguistic turn in modern German history take place at a time when some historians criticize poststructuralist thought more forcefully than ever before.4 This makes for an interesting confluence of tensions, especially when one considers that disciplines such as literary criticism and anthropology have turned anew to the study of history.

Imperial paths, big comparisons: the late Ottoman Empire

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Emrence
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
Ottoman History ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman

AbstractThe main goals of this article are to review historiographical trends and set new directions for late Ottoman history. First, the paper demonstrates that current research on the late Ottoman Empire still operates within the confines of the centre–periphery model, and sustains dualistic and state-centred narratives. Second, I argue that a ‘historical trajectory’ framework is a better analytical tool and empirical strategy. It is spatial, path-dependent, and comparative. With special reference to the Middle Eastern provinces, I show that the Ottoman Empire was characterized by distinct imperial paths during the nineteenth century, each representing an alternative route to state–society and local–global relations. The article further suggests that a trajectory-specific approach can provide new prospects for understanding Eurasian land-based empires from a comparative perspective.

ADVERTISING MODERNITY IN WOMEN'S WORLD: WOMEN'S LIFESTYLE AND LEISURE IN LATE-OTTOMAN ISTANBUL

Hawwa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-63
Author(s):  
Pelin Başci
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Woman ◽  
New Products ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The New Woman ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Late Ottoman

AbstractWomen and gender can be used as an index of modernization in late-Ottoman society. The study of women in relation to consumption is relatively new, but it is a topic capable of informing us simultaneously about the emergence of modern goods and services targeting women and women's attitudes and expectations towards the new lifestyle that was beginning to attract them. This study explores advertisements—mostly on education, entertainment, leisure and conveniences, food, and wealth—which appeared in a late-Ottoman women's journal, Women's World, during the early decades of the twentieth century. It traces the emergence of "the new woman" through the popular press, showing how women comprised a well-defined, visible market for many of the modern goods and services in these areas. Advertisements paint a picture of upper-class Ottoman women who were active in shaping a hybrid Ottoman modernity, even as they shared the anxieties of the broader culture, which greeted many of the new products, tastes, and customs with ambivalence.

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