Changing eating and physical activity patterns of US children

The number of US children who are overweight has more than doubled over the last decade. This change has broadened the focus of dietary guidance for children to address nutrient overconsumption and physical activity patterns. Total fat consumption expressed as a percentage of energy intake has decreased among US children. However, this decrease is largely the result of increased total energy intake in the form of carbohydrates and not necessarily due to decreased fat consumption. The majority of children aged 5–17 years are not meeting recommendations for Ca intakes. Much of this deficit is attributed to changing beverage consumption patterns, characterized by declining milk intakes and substantial increases in soft-drink consumption. On average, US children are not eating the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables. US adolescents become less active as they get older, and one-quarter of all US children watch 4 h television each day, which is positively associated with increased BMI and skinfold thickness. There is an urgent need in the USA for effective prevention strategies aimed at helping children grow up with healthful eating and physical activity habits to achieve optimal health.

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Is Soft Drink Consumption Linked to Higher Body Mass Index and Energy Intake Among Adults in Mauritius?

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.7.3.12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 725-737

Author(s):

Oundhyalah Devi Padaruth ◽

Deecksha Gomdola ◽

Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo ◽

Rajesh Jeewon

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Soft Drink ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

World Health ◽

Calorie Intake ◽

Chi Square ◽

Soft Drink Consumption ◽

Obesity And Overweight ◽

Daily Calorie Intake

The World Health Organisation recommends people to keep their calorie intake from soft drink (SD) less than 10% of their daily calorie intake. Even though, calorie intake from soft drink consumption is low, there is an increase in the frequency of consumption. Also, besides, it is well understood that change in weight is not only dependent on soft drink consumption but also factors such as calorie intake and physical activity. The objective of this study is to investigate SD consumption and its association with BMI, physical activity and calorie intake among adults. 511 adults aged 20-60 years (208 male and 303 female) were recruited. The questionnaire used to elicit information included 3-day 24-hour dietary recall, physical activity habits and soft drink consumption. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight and waist circumference) were also taken. The data was analysed using SPSS version 2.0. Chi-square tests, Person coefficient test, and Spearman’s correlation tests were used to infer any relationships between variables. The mean daily calorie intake among the population is 2501 ± 86.46 Kcal/day. Energy intake by both genders is within the range recommended by USDA (males: 2182 ± 33.48 Kcal/day and female: 1925 ± 28.55 Kcal/day). BMI is slightly higher among female 25.00 ± kg/m^2 as compared to male 24.73 kg/m^2. Mean Energy intake from SD is found to be 88.57 ± 3.37 Kcal/day that accounts for 3.54% of the daily calorie intake and hence in line with the WHO recommendation. A significant association is seen between SD consumption and BMI (P= 0.02), however obesity and overweight is seen to be independent of SD consumption. Furthermore, a positive correlation wasfound between SD consumption and physical activity (P=0.01) and it is observed that 26.3 % of the population who had a sedentary lifestyle are overweight. No association was found between calorie intake and SD consumption (P= 0.731) since the percentage calorie from SD does not exceed the recommendation of WHO. A significant relationship is found between SD consumption and BMI. However, it is observed that physical activity has a higher influence on BMI independent of calorie intake and soft drink consumption. Even though soft drink is reported herein not influence on the prevalence of obesity and overweight, long-term soft drink consumption can result in health problems related to obesity.

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Correlates of childhood obesity in Athens, Greece

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980008002462 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 940-945 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Areti Lagiou ◽

Maria Parava

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Eating Occasions

AbstractObjectiveChildhood obesity is a growing public health problem. We have examined the association between sociodemographic profile and eating and physical activity patterns with overweight among primary-school students in Athens, Greece.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingEleven primary schools in the greater Athens area, Greece.SubjectsA total of 633 children aged 10–12 years (50 % boys, 50 % girls) were interviewed in person during spring 2003. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between eating and physical activity patterns and overweight (≥85th sex- and age-specific BMI centile). Results are presented as odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals.ResultsOverweight was more common among girls than among boys (OR=1·73; 95% CI 1·11, 2·69) and substantially less common among children born outside Greece (OR=0·46; CI 0·22, 0·95). Reported physical activity (per 1·5 h per day) was unrelated to overweight (OR=0·97; CI 0·85, 1·12) but patent physical inactivity, operationalised as time spent watching television or working/playing with the computer (per 1·5 h per day) was a highly significant predictor of overweight (OR=1·20; CI 1·05, 1·36). Composition of diet was unrelated to overweight but the daily number of eating occasions, controlling for total energy intake, was significantly inversely associated with overweight (OR=0·61; CI 0·48, 0·76).ConclusionsThe principal factor underlying overweight among children in Athens appears to be the extended inactivity imposed by modern childhood lifestyles. An intriguing finding is that spreading a given energy intake over several eating occasions was inversely associated with the likelihood of childhood obesity.

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Physical activity patterns in chronic hemodialysis patients: Comparison of dialysis and nondialysis days

Journal of Renal Nutrition ◽

10.1053/j.jrn.2004.08.002 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 217-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Karen M. Majchrzak ◽

Lara B. Pupim ◽

Kong Chen ◽

Cathi J. Martin ◽

Sheila Gaffney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Chronic Hemodialysis ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

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Physical activity patterns among walkers and compliance with public health recommendations

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-200208000-00005 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 1255-1261 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

ANN P. RAFFERTY ◽

MATHEW J. REEVES ◽

HARRY B. MCGEE ◽

JAMES M. PIVARNIK

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

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Physical Activity Patterns After Retirement: The REGARDS Study

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1704 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 528-529

Author(s):

Eric Shiroma ◽

J David Rhodes ◽

Aleena Bennet ◽

Monika M Safford ◽

Leslie MacDonald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Accelerometer Data ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Major Life Events ◽

Major Life ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Regards Study

Abstract Major life events, such as retirement, may lead to dramatic shifts in physical activity (PA) patterns. However, there are limited empirical data quantifying the magnitude of these changes. Our aims were to objectively measure PA before and after retirement and to describe changes in participation in various types of PA. Participants were employed black and white men and women enrolled in REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke), a national prospective cohort study (n=581, mean age 64 years, 25% black, 51% women). Participants met inclusion criteria if they retired between their first and second accelerometer wearing (2009-2013 and 2017-2018, respectively) and had valid accelerometer data (>4 days with >10 hours/day pre- and post-retirement). Accelerometer-based PA was categorized into average minutes per day spent in sedentary, light-intensity, and moderate-to-vigorous PA. Participants reported changes (less, same, more) in 12 types of PA. After retirement, participants decreased both sedentary time (by 36.3 minutes/day) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (by 5.6 minutes/day). Conversely, there was an increase in light-intensity PA (+18.1 minutes/day) after retirement. Participants reported changes in their participation level in various PA activities. For example, 41% reported an increased amount of TV viewing, 42% reported less walking, and 31% reported increased participation in volunteer activities. Findings indicate that retirement coincides with a change in the time spent in each intensity category and the time spent across a range of activity types. Further research is warranted to examine how these changes in physical activity patterns influence post-retirement health status.

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Objective measurements of daily physical activity patterns and sedentary behaviour in older adults: Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afs160 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 222-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Nanna Yr Arnardottir ◽

Annemarie Koster ◽

Dane R. Van Domelen ◽

Robert J. Brychta ◽

Paolo Caserotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Daily Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Objective Measurements ◽

Gene Environment

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Physical Activity Patterns in the National Weight Control Registry

Obesity ◽

10.1038/oby.2007.6 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 153-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

Victoria A. Catenacci ◽

Lorraine G. Ogden ◽

Jennifer Stuht ◽

Suzanne Phelan ◽

Rena R. Wing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Control ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

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Physical Activity Patterns in Youth With Intellectual Disabilities

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.2015-0053 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 374-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Samantha J. Downs ◽

Stuart J. Fairclough ◽

Zoe R. Knowles ◽

Lynne M. Boddy

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Intellectual Disabilities ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Age Group ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

The aim of this study was to assess the physical activity (PA) patterns of youth with intellectual disabilities (ID). PA was monitored for 7 days in 70 participants, 5–15 years old, using accelerometers. There were 32 participants included in the final analysis. Habitual PA and the number of continuous bouts accrued for a range of bout lengths (5–600 s) for light (LPA), moderate (MPA), and vigorous (VPA) PA were calculated. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to assess differences in the number of continuous bouts by sex, age, and ID group and between week and weekend days. Participants exhibited short sporadic bursts of activity. The number of continuous bouts decreased as the intensity and duration increased. Few differences in PA patterns were reported by sex, ID group, and age group and between week and weekend days, possibly due to the generally low PA levels in this population.

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