Immunocytochemical demonstration of a SALMFamide-like neuropeptide in the nervous system of adult and larval stages of the human blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Brownlee ◽  
I. Fairweather ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
M. C. Thorndyke ◽  
P. J. Skuce
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Male Worm ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Nerve Cords

SUMMARYThe localization and distribution of SALMFamide immunoreactivity (IR), SI(GFNSALMFamide), in the nervous system of both the adult and larval stages of the trematode Schistosoma mansoni has been determined by an indirect immunofluorescent technique in conjunction with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Immunostaining was widespread in the nervous system of adult male and female S. mansoni. In the central nervous system (CNS), IR was evident in nerve cells and fibres in the anterior ganglia, cerebral commissure and dorsal and ventral nerve cords. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), IR was apparent in nerve plexuses associated with the subtegmental musculature, oral and ventral suckers, the lining of the gynaecophoric canal, and in fine nerve fibres innervating the dorsal tubercles of the male worm. In the reproductive system of male and female worms, Sl-IR was only observed around the ootype/Mehlis' gland complex in the female. Immunostaining was also evident in the nervous system of both miracidium and cercarial larval stages. A post-embedding, IgG-conjugated colloidal gold immunostaining technique was employed to examine the subcellular distribution of SALMFamide-IR in the CNS of S. mansoni. Gold labelling of peptide was localized over dense-cored vesicles within nerve cell bodies and fibres constituting the neuropile of the anterior ganglia, cerebral commissure and nerve cords of the CNS. Antigen pre-absorption studies indicated that the results obtained do suggest S1-like immunostaining and not cross-reactivity with other peptides, in particular FMRFamide.

Cytochemical observations on the nervous system of adult Corrigia vitta

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Magee ◽  
M. Cahir ◽  
D. W. Halton ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Immunocytochemical Techniques ◽  
Peripheral Nervous Systems ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Nerve Cords

AbstractAdult Corrigia vitta (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidea) inhabit the pancreatic duct of the fieldmouse, Apodemus sylvaticus, where, in numbers, they may occlude the duct lumen and prevent the flow of pancreatic secretions. Enzyme histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques, in conjunction with confocal scanning laser microscopy, have been used to examine the localization and distribution of cholinergic. serotoninergic (5-HT, serotonin) and peptidergic components of the nervous system of the adult worm. All three classes of neuronal mediator showed a common pattern of staining, occurring throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. Of the four peptide immunoreactivities (IR) demonstrated (pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY), substance P (SP), FMRFamide), PP-IR was the most predominant, occurring not only within the central ganglia and longitudinal nerve cords, but also in subtegumental plexuses and in fibres associated with the egg-forming apparatus. PYY and FMRFamide IRs were evident throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems; FMRFamide immunostaining, in particular, highlighted innervation of the ootype and immunoreactive cell bodies around the Mehlis' gland. Both SP- and 5-HT-IRs were restricted to the cerebral ganglia, ventral nerve cords and associated cell bodies. The distribution pattems of these peptides and 5-HT within the nervous system of C. vitta suggest they are likely to function as neuronal mediators. PP, PYY and FMRFamide may also serve in regulating egg production.

A confocal scanning laser microscope study of the peptidergic and serotoninergic components of the nervous system in larval Schistosoma mansoni

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Skuce ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
I. Fairweather ◽  
D. W. Halton ◽  
C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Adult Worm ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Neuronal Marker ◽  
Nerve Tracts ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

The localization and distribution of the serotoninergic and peptidergic elements of the nervous system of larval Schistosoma mansoni have been investigated using an indirect immunofluorescence technique in conjunction with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). A range of antisera was used, raised to the biogenic amine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, or serotonin), the vertebrate peptides pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) and to the native invertebrate peptide, FMRFamide; all these antisera were shown previously to be immunopositive in the adult worm. No immunoreactivity to 5-HT was detected in any of the larval stages, but both miracidia and cercariae were consistently immunoreactive to all 4 peptides. The peptidergic nervous system of the miracidium is relatively simple, taking the form of a central neural mass with associated paired anterior and posterior nerve tracts. The cercarial peptidergic nervous system comprises a central commissure joining paired anterior ganglia, from which emanate paired dorsal and ventral nerve tracts, which terminate at the body/tail junction. The excretory bladder region of the tail is also immunoreactive for the 4 peptides, and a fine pair of nerve tracts extends the length of the tail shaft. Immunoreactive nerve cell bodies are also evident in the midbody region of the intrasprocystic cercariae, these same structures being immunoreactive for the neuronal marker, neurone-specific enolase (NSE). The organization of the larval peptidergic nervous system is compared to that of the cholinergic nervous system and contrasted with the peptidergic system in the adult worm. The absence of immunoreactivity to 5-HT is discussed in relation to the proposed development of the aminergic nervous system upon establishment in the definitive host.

scholarly journals RHIPIDOCOTYLE CAMPANULA (DIGENEA, BUCEPHALIDAE): MUSCULAR SYSTEM, LOCALIZATION OF SEROTONIN AND NEUROPEPTIDE FMRFamide IN NERVOUS SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Nefedova ◽  
Mochalova ◽  
Terenina ◽  
Voropaeva ◽  
Movsesyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Muscular System ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Attachment Organ

Trematodes of the Bucephalidae family differ from all other trematodes by the number of morphological characteristics including the structure of their attachment organ as well as the digestive and reproductive systems. In this study, the muscular system and nerve components containing serotonin and neuropeptide FMRFamid were investigated in Rhipidocotyle campanula (Bucephalidae family) from the intestine of the pike. Using immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM), data on the presence and distribution of neurotransmitters serotonin as well as the neuropeptide FMRFamide in the central and peripheral nervous system of Rh. campanula were obtained. When studying the relationship of nerve structures containing the studied neurotransmitters, muscle fibers of the muscle elements of the parasite were stained using the phalloidin associated with the fluorophore. Information on the organization of the muscular system, attachment organ, digestive and reproductive systems is given. The data obtained suggest that serotonergic and FMRF-amidergic nerve structures are involved in the regulation of the function of the attachment organ, as well as the digestive and terminal departments of the eproductive system of Rh. campanula. A comparative analysis of the obtained results and related data available in the literature for other trematodes was carried out.

Comparative analysis of the distribution of bradykinin-, GYIRFamide- and neuropeptide F-like immunoreactivities in the monogenean, Diclidophora merlangi

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. MAIR ◽  
A. G. MAULE ◽  
D. W. HALTON ◽  
D. ORR ◽  
R. N. JOHNSTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Population ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Double Labelling ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Neuropeptide F ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Reproductive Apparatus ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Nerve Cords

An indirect immunocytochemical technique combined with confocal scanning laser microscopy has been used to demonstrate immunoreactivities to the nonapeptide, RPPGFSPFR (bradykinin, BK) and the endogenous flatworm regulatory peptide, GYIRFamide in the nervous system of the monogenean, Diclidophora merlangi. In addition, a simultaneous double-labelling technique was employed to examine possible co-localization of GYIRFamide- and neuropeptide F (NPF) immunoreactivities, using antisera to the C-terminal nonapeptide-amide of NPF (Moniezia expansa, FAIIGRPRF.NH2). BK immunostaining was restricted to a small population of nerve cells and associated fibres within the ventral nerve cords and to 2 pairs of nerve cells innervating the cirrus and the pharynx, respectively. No immunopositive nerve cells and fibres were identified within the brain or in association with the female reproductive apparatus. In contrast, GYIRFamide staining was abundant throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, and appeared similar to the staining pattern revealed using an FMRFamide antiserum. GYIRFamide immunoreactivity was localized to nerve cells and fibres within the paired cerebral ganglia and the longitudinal ventral, dorsal and lateral nerve cords and their numerous interconnecting transverse commissures. The plexuses of the buccal suckers, pharynx and clamps of the haptor were strongly immunopositive for GYIRFamide, as were nerve cells innervating the ootype, the oviduct and the vitelline reservoir of the reproductive apparatus. Double-labelling experiments indicated an apparent co-localization of GYIRFamide and NPF immunoreactivities.

Immunocytochemical demonstration of peptidergic and serotoninergic components in the enteric nervous system of the roundworm,Ascaris suum(Nematoda, Ascaroidea)

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Brownlee ◽  
I. Fairweather ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Nutritional Biology ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Positive Immunoreactivity ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

SUMMARYThe localization and distribution of neuropeptides and an indoleamine (serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine) in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the pig roundworm,Ascaris suum, have been determined by the application of an indirect immunofluorescence technique in conjunction with confocal scanning laser microscopy. Whole-mount preparations of pharyngeal, intestinal and rectal regions were screened with antisera to 23 vertebrate peptides, 2 invertebrate peptides and serotonin (= 5-HT). Positive immunoreactivity (IR) was obtained with antisera to pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY), FMRFamide, gastrin and serotonin. The only IR observed in the ENS was that evident in the nerve supply to the pharynx and rectal region; no IR was associated with any region of the intestine. The most extensive patterns of IR occurred with antisera to PYY, FMRFamide and serotonin. In the pharyngeal component of the ENS, IR was evident in the lateral and dorsal longitudinal pharyngeal nerves, pharyngeal commissures, nerve plexus, and associated nerve cells and fibres. In contrast, the distribution of IR to the PP and gastrin antisera was more restricted and displayed a lower intensity of immunostaining. The other component of the ENS, the rectal enteric system, only yielded immunostaining to FMRFamide. The possible role of neuropeptides and serotonin in the nutritional biology of nematodes is discussed.

Cytochemical observations on cholinergic, serotoninergic and peptidergic neuronal pathways in Cephalochlamys namaquensis

1992 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Mckay ◽  
D. W. Halton ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
C. Shaw ◽  
I. Fairweather
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Neuroactive Substance ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Immunocytochemical Techniques ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

ABSTRACTThe localization and distribution of cholinergic, serotoninergic (5-HT, serotonin) and peptidergic components of the nervous system of adult Cephalochlamys namaquensis (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) have been determined using enzyme histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques interfaced with light and confocal scanning laser microscopy. All three classes of neuroactive substance showed a similar pattern of staining, occurring extensively throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems of the parasite. There were some minor regional differences in staining, suggesting specific roles for certain classes of neurone, and nerve cell bodies were most evident following immunostaining for serotonin. The general overlap in the distribution of staining may be indicative of some co-localization of neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulatory substances.

Immunocytochemical localization of serotonin (5-HT) in the nervous system of the hydatid organism, Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea)

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Brownlee ◽  
I. Fairweather ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
M. T. Rogan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser ◽  
Serotonin Immunoreactivity ◽  
Nerve Cords

SUMMARYThe localization and distribution of the serotoninergic components of the nervous system in the hydatid organism, Echinococcus granulosus, were determined by immunocytochemical techniques in conjunction with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The distribution of serotonin immunoreactivity (IR) paralleled that previously described for cholinesterase activity, although it was more widespread. Nerve cell bodies and nerve fibres immunoreactive for 5-HT were present throughout the central nervous system (CNS), occurring in the paired lateral, posterior lateral and rostellar ganglia, their connecting commissures and nerve rings in the scolex and in the ten longitudinal nerve cords that run posteriorly throughout the body of the worm. A large population of nerve cell bodies was associated with the lateral nerve cords. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), immunoreactive nerve fibres occurred in well-developed nerve plexuses innervating the somatic musculature and the musculature of the rostellum and suckers. The genital atrium and associated reproductive ducts were richly innervated with serotoninergic nerve cell bodies and nerve fibres.

The cholinergic, serotoninergic and peptidergic components of the nervous system of Moniezia expansa (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea)

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Maule ◽  
D. W. Halton ◽  
C. Shaw ◽  
C. F. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Moniezia Expansa ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

SUMMARYThe central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems of the cyclophyllidean tapeworm, Moniezia expansa, were examined for the presence of cholinergic, serotoninergic and peptidergic elements using enzyme cytochemical and immunocytochemical techniques in conjunction with light and confocal scanning laser microscopy. Cholinesterase activity and 5-hydroxytryptamine- and regulatory peptide-immunoreactivities (IRs) were localized to the nerve fibres and cell bodies of all of the major neuronal components in the CNS of the worm, including the cerebral ganglia and connecting commissure, the 10 longitudinal nerve cords and associated transverse ring commissures. Although each of the 3 systems appeared well developed and comprised a significant portion of the nervous system, the serotoninergic constituent was the most highly developed, consisting of a vast array of nerve fibres and cell bodies distributed throughout the strobila of the worm. A close association of cholinesterase reactivity and peptide-IRs was evident throughout the CNS, indicating the possible co-localization of acetylcholine and neuropeptides. Within the PNS, cholinergic activity and serotoninergic- and peptidergic-IRs occurred in the subtegumental network of nerve fibres and somatic musculature. Although all 3 neuro-chemical elements were present in the acetabula, they were found in different nerve fibres; only cholinergic and peptidergic cell bodies were found. The common genital opening, vagina and ootype regions of the reproductive system displayed a rich innervation of all 3 types of neuronal populations. Within the peptidergic system, immunostaining with antiseraraised to the C-terminus of the neuropeptide Y superfamily of peptides and the invertebrate peptides, neuropeptide F (M. expansa) and FMRFamide was the most prevalent. Limited positive-IR for substance P and neurokinin A were also recorded in the CNS of the worm.

The serotoninergic, cholinergic and peptidergic components of the nervous system in the monogenean parasite,Diclidophora merlangi: a cytochemical study

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Maule ◽  
D. W. Halton ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
C. Shaw ◽  
I. Fairweather
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cholinesterase Activity ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Monogenean Parasite ◽  
Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Immunocytochemical Techniques ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

SUMMARYConfocal scanning laser microscopy has been employed with immunocytochemical techniques to map the distribution of serotoninergic and peptidergic components in the nervous system of the monogenean gill-parasite,Diclidophora merlangi; results are compared with the distribution of cholinergic components, following histochemical staining for cholinesterase activity. While all three neurochemical elements are present in the central and peripheral nervous systems, the cholinergic and peptidergic systems dominate the CNS, whereas the PNS has a majority of serotoninergic nerve fibres. The cholinergic and peptidergic neuronal pathways overlap extensively in staining patterns, suggesting possible co-localization of acetylcholine and neuropeptides. Within the peptidergic nervous system, immunoreactivity to the pancreatic polypeptide family of peptides and FMRFamide were the most prevalent.

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