Genetic differentiation in populations of the cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) as revealed by eight microsatellite markers

The genetic structure of populations of the fish cestode, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi collected from Bailianhe Reservoir (BLH), Changshou (CSH) and Liangzi (LZH) Lakes was investigated by using 8 microsatellite loci. A total of 108 adult worms were genotyped at each of the 8 loci. For the 3 populations, the mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 2·38 to 5·5, and the mean expected heterozygosity ranged from 0·432 to 0·559. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was from 0·384 to 0·492. The significant Fis values indicated non-random mating within LZH and BLH populations. On the other hand, when samples were further classified into subpopulations at the level of host fish species, no or little heterozygote deficiency was detected at most loci, showing that cross-fertilization, predominantly, but not exclusively, must have occurred within the subpopulations. Microsatellite markers also revealed an unexpected high level of genetic differentiation, as measured by Rst and Nm values or by δu2 genetic distance among subpopulations from different hosts. Factors influencing the population genetic structure and the parasite host specificity are discussed.

Download Full-text

The way of value of Correlation of genomic DNA microsatellite loci and live weight of Chukchi reindeer

Genetika i razvedenie zhivotnyh ◽

10.31043/2410-2733-2020-3-27-32 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-32

Author(s):

V. Dodokhov ◽

N. Pavlova ◽

T. Rumyantseva ◽

L. Kalashnikova

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Live Weight ◽

Biodiversity Loss ◽

Tribal Community ◽

High Germination ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Mean ◽

High Level ◽

Dna Microsatellite

The article presents the genetic characteristic of the Chukchi reindeer breed. The object of the study was of the Chukchi reindeer. In recent years, the number of reindeer of the Chukchi breed has declined sharply. Reduced reindeer numbers could lead to biodiversity loss. The Chukchi breed of deer has good meat qualities, has high germination viability and is adapted in adverse tundra conditions of Yakutia. Herding of the Chukchi breed of deer in Yakutia are engaged only in the Nizhnekolymsky district. There are four generic communities and the largest of which is the agricultural production cooperative of nomadic tribal community «Turvaurgin», which was chosen to assess the genetic processes of breed using microsatellite markers: Rt6, BMS1788, Rt 30, Rt1, Rt9, FCB193, Rt7, BMS745, C 143, Rt24, OheQ, C217, C32, NVHRT16, T40, C276. It was found that microsatellite markers have a wide range of alleles and generally have a high informative value for identifying of genetic differences between animals and groups of animal. The number of identified alleles is one of the indicators of the genetic diversity of the population. The total number of detected alleles was 127. The Chukchi breed of deer is characterized by a high level of heterozygosity, and the random crossing system prevails over inbreeding in the population. On average, there were 7.9 alleles (Na) per locus, and the mean number of effective alleles (Ne) was 4.1. The index of fixation averaged 0.001. The polymorphism index (PIC) ranged from 0.217 to 0.946, with an average of 0.695.

Download Full-text

Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs

Asian Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.13057/asianjagric/g010109 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 46-51

Author(s):

OUMER SHERIFF ◽

KEFYALEW ALEMAYEHU

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Polymorphic Information Content ◽

Domestic Sheep ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Sheep Breeding ◽

Population Structures ◽

The Mean ◽

Tree Building ◽

Diversity Studies

Sheriff O, Alemayehu K. 2017. Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. Asian J Agric 1: 46-51. Microsatellites have been widely accepted and employed as useful molecular markers for measuring genetic diversity and divergence within and among populations. The various parameters developed so far to measure genetic diversity within and among populations are observed and expected heterozygosities (Ho and He), the mean number of alleles per locus (MNA),polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic distance and phylogenetic or tree building approach.The objective of thisreview was therefore to quantifythe genetic diversity studies of domestic sheep populations using microsatellite markersand their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. From the review, it is possible to see that there was high within population genetic variations in all the studied sheep populations, poor level of population differentiations and high levels of inbreeding. On the other hand, low estimates of hetrozygosities and mean number of alleles and employing only few and weak markers were observed in some of the studies. The gaps observed in the previous genetic diversity studies of the sheep populations may demand further works to reveal more information on the population structures andto start appropriate and sustainable breeding programs.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity in Brazilian tall coconut populations by microsatellite markers

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332013000400006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 356-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Francisco Elias Ribeiro ◽

Luc Baudouin ◽

Patricia Lebrun ◽

Lázaro José Chaves ◽

Claudio Brondani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Cape Verde ◽

Coconut Palm ◽

Different Populations ◽

The Mean ◽

High Level ◽

Brazilian Populations

The tall coconut palm was introduced in Brazil in 1553, originating from the island of Cape Verde. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of ten populations of Brazilian tall coconut by 13 microsatellite markers. Samples were collected from 195 individuals of 10 different populations. A total of 68 alleles were detected, with an average of 5.23 alleles per locus. The mean expected and observed heterozygosity value was 0.459 and 0.443, respectively. The number of alleles per population ranged from 36 to 48, with a mean of 40.9 alleles. We observed the formation of two groups, the first formed by the populations of Baía Formosa, Georgino Avelino and São José do Mipibu, and the second by the populations of Japoatã, Pacatuba and Praia do Forte. These results reveal a high level of genetic diversity in the Brazilian populations.

Download Full-text

Microsatellites Cross-Species Amplification across Some African Cichlids

International Journal of Evolutionary Biology ◽

10.1155/2012/870935 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Etienne Bezault ◽

Xavier Rognon ◽

Karim Gharbi ◽

Jean-Francois Baroiller ◽

Bernard Chevassus

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Point Of View ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

African Cichlid ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Mean ◽

High Level ◽

African Cichlids

The transfer of the genomic resources developed in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, to other Tilapiines sensu lato and African cichlid would provide new possibilities to study this amazing group from genetics, ecology, evolution, aquaculture, and conservation point of view. We tested the cross-species amplification of 32 O. niloticus microsatellite markers in a panel of 15 species from 5 different African cichlid tribes: Oreochromines (Oreochromis, Sarotherodon), Boreotilapiines (Tilapia), Chromidotilapines, Hemichromines, and Haplochromines. Amplification was successfully observed for 29 markers (91%), with a frequency of polymorphic (P95) loci per species around 70%. The mean number of alleles per locus and species was 3.2 but varied from 3.7 within Oreochromis species to 1.6 within the nontilapia species. The high level of cross-species amplification and polymorphism of the microsatellite markers tested in this study provides powerful tools for a wide range of molecular genetic studies within tilapia species as well as for other African cichlids.

Download Full-text

Cross-species amplification and characterization of microsatellite loci in Pinus mugo Turra

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-013-0189-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Konrad Celiński ◽

Ewa Pawlaczyk ◽

Aleksandra Wojnicka-Półtorak ◽

Ewa Chudzińska ◽

Wiesław Prus-Głowacki

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Polymorphic Information Content ◽

Pinus Mugo ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Transfer Rates ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Nuclear Microsatellite ◽

European Mountain ◽

High Level

AbstractPinus mugo (dwarf mountain pine) is an important component of European mountain ecosystems. However, little is known about the present genetic structure and population differentiation of this species at the DNA level, possibly due to a lack of nuclear microsatellite markers (SSR) developed for Pinus mugo. Therefore in this study we transferred microsatellite markers originally developed for Pinus sylvestris and Pinus taeda to Pinus mugo. This cross-species amplification approach is much faster and less expensive than isolation and characterization of new microsatellite markers. The transfer rates from the source species to Pinus mugo were moderately low (26%). There were no differences in microsatellite repeat motifs between the source species and Pinus mugo. Nuclear microsatellite markers successfully transferred to Pinus mugo can be applied to various genetic studies on this species, due to the high level of their polymorphism and high value of polymorphic information content.

Download Full-text

Genetic identification of populations of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera Tephritidae) in the Niayes and Lower Casamance areas in Senegal

Journal of Applied Biosciences ◽

10.35759/jabs.158.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 158 ◽

pp. 16351-16362

Author(s):

Mariama FAYE ◽

Awa NDIAYE ◽

Ibrahima DIALLO ◽

Pape Mbacké SEMBENE

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Cytochrome B ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Haplotype Network ◽

Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽

Genetic Identification ◽

Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽

Identity Card ◽

High Level

Objectives: the study examines the effect of the host plant and of the agro-ecological area on the genetic structure of populations of Bactrocera dorsalis in order to apprehend an appropriate period to fight this pest. Methodology and results: this study was conducted in two large areas mango productions Senegal (area Niayes and the forest area South) on 41 individuals of Bactrocera dorsalis with mitochondrial gene sequencing (cytochrome B). Several haplotypes (28) of which 27 individual have been identified with a high level of genetic diversity (Hd 0.972 and Pi 0.1563). The genetic demo tests suggested a population in equilibrium, a moderate expansion and a grouping according to the areas thus revealing a genetic structure linked to the localities. In addition, the haplotype network showed a majority haplotype comprising all areas, 24 individual haplotypes and a typical haplotype to Notto. Conclusion and application of findings : this exploratory study was in addition to having provided information on the genetic characterization of the species Bactrocera dorsalis , describes its structure and its genetic differentiation based on two areas - ecological where mango is practically cultivated in Senegal . It helped to understand the genetic identity card of the species Bactrocera dorsalis, whose purpose will be to know its weakest link and food preferences to provide alternative struggles. Keywords: Bactrocera dorsalis, Niayes, lower Casamance, mangoes, citrus, PCR, sequencing, cytochrome B

Download Full-text

Development and characterization of novel cross-species tetranucleotide microsatellite markers for sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) from Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27964 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yacheng Hu ◽

Jing Yang ◽

Xueqing Liu ◽

Kan Xiao ◽

Binzhong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Polymorphic Information Content ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Chinese Sturgeon ◽

Acipenser Sinensis ◽

Management Actions ◽

Acipenser Ruthenus ◽

The Mean ◽

Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus

Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) is an important economic fish because of its nourishing caviar, isinglass and flesh. In order to facilitate the recovery of this species, the full understanding of its population genetic structure is necessary for taking appropriate management actions. However, genetic data on the use of nuclear loci in sterlet is still quite poor because microsatellite markers in sterlet that had been developed appeared to be polyploidy which add difficulties in studying the genetic of the sterlet. In this study, 24 tetranucleotide microsatellite markers were developed in sterlet from 160 microsatellite markers of the endangered Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). Ten (ZHX76, ZHX64, Z194, Z217, Z184, Z242, Z250, Z258, Z268 and Z269) of the 24 loci showed disomic patterns while the rest loci showed tetrasomic patterns. In this paper, 24 microsatellite markers were characterized in 16 sterlet individuals and all of them were polymorphic with 2 to 7 alleles per locus. The Hardy-Weinberg departure value (d), polymorphic information content (PIC), the observed heterozygosity (HO), the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Indices (H') and the mean expected heterozygosity (HE) of all 24 polymorphic loci ranged from -0.334 to 0.484, 0.367 to 0.725, 0.438 to 1, 0.659 to 1.695, from 0.466 to 0.777, respectively. The markers described here will help in addressing practical problems such as the study of population genetics, conservation genetics and evolution in the polyploidy derivative nature of sterlet.

Download Full-text

Genetic structure of the water frog (Pelophylax esculentus complex) populations in the south of the Central Russian Upland

Ecological genetics ◽

10.17816/ecogen48555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 107-119

Author(s):

Anatoliy S. Barkhatov ◽

Eduard A. Snegin ◽

Sergeu R. Yusupov

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Gene Exchange ◽

Water Frog ◽

Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽

Central Russian Upland ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Glacial Epoch ◽

Pelophylax Esculentus ◽

High Level ◽

Dna Microsatellite

BACKGROUND: The water frog (Pelophylax esculentus complex) is hybrid in composition. In view of the fact that a large number of data on the species composition of the water frog and very scarce material on the genetic structure of populations are available in the literature, we aimed to analyze the genetic structure of populations of the water frog in the southern part of the Middle Russian upland, which was one of the refugia for many species during the glacial epoch and the center of dispersion in the postglacial time, based on DNA microsatellite markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 36 local populations. DNA variability was analyzed by multiplex SSR-PCR. Seven loci (Res 14, Res 15, Res 17, Res 22, Rrid059A, Rrid082A, and Rrid171A) were used for amplification. Fragment analysis of PCR products was performed on an ABI PRISM 3500 automated capillary DNA sequencer (Applied Biosystems, USA). RESULTS: The total number of alleles detected ranged from 13 to 41. The effective number of alleles (Ae) averaged 4.569 0.219, the Chenon index (I) 1.567 0.04, level of expected heterozygosity (Не) 0.68 0.01. According to Wrights model, the greatest contribution to genetic variability is made by the heterogeneity of individuals within populations, some of which are of a hybrid nature (Fis = 0.281 0.069, Fit = 0.413 0.053, Fst = 0.180 0.017). The average indicator of the intensity of gene exchange between populations (Nm) was 1.212 0.142 individuals per generation. The calculation of the effective abundance using the LD method indicates a high level of viability of the studied groups of the frogs. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated a high level of genetic diversity and viability of most of the studied groups, which, due to the intense gene exchange between them, can represent a single panmictic population. The data of the genetic analysis support the active adaptation of P. esculentus complex to living in an urbanized environment.

Download Full-text

Microsatellite Polymorphism and Genetic Structure of Florida Mottled Duck Populations

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/104.2.424 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 424-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Christen L. Williams ◽

Richard C. Brust ◽

Olin E. Rhodes Jr

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Genetic Differentiation ◽

Habitat Loss ◽

Microsatellite Loci ◽

Nuclear Dna ◽

Gene Frequencies ◽

Limited Distribution ◽

Mottled Duck ◽

Anas Fulvigula ◽

High Level

Abstract Little is understood concerning the effects regional isolation and habitat loss have had upon the genetic structure of Mottled Ducks (Anas fulvigula), a nonmigratory waterfowl species with a limited distribution. Our objective was to identify nuclear DNA-based markers for Mottled Ducks and determine levels of subdivision among populations in Florida. We screened 13 microsatellite primer pairs and identified six microsatellite loci that were variable in Mottled Ducks. These markers revealed a low level of genetic differentiation and a high level of genetic exchange among four Mottled Duck subpopulations within Florida. Over all populations, single-locus expected heterozygosities over the six loci surveyed ranged from 0.13–0.85. There were no significant differences in gene frequencies among the populations examined, and the Fst over 5 biparental loci was not different from zero. Our analysis of the Florida Mottled Duck population indicated high levels of heterozygosity and no evidence of genetic subdivision among breeding units. Polimorfismo en Microsatélites y Estructura Genética en Poblaciones de Anas fulvigula Resumen. Se tiene escaso conocimiento acerca de los efectos del aislamiento regional y de la pérdida de hábitat sobre la estructura genética de poblaciones de Anas fulvigula, un ave acuática no migratoria de distribución restringida. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar marcadores genéticos de ADN para A. fulvigula y determinar los niveles de subdivisión entre poblaciones en Florida. Examinamos 13 pares de iniciadores (i.e., primers) para microsatélites e identificamos seis loci que fueron variables en A. fulvigula. Estos marcadores revelaron un bajo nivel de diferenciación genética y un alto grado de intercambio genético entre cuatro subpoblaciones de A. fulvigula en Florida. Para todas las poblaciones, la heterocigocidad esperada en un locus varió entre 0.13–0.85 para los seis loci examinados. No hubo diferencias significativas en las frecuencias génicas entre las subpoblaciones examinadas, y el valor de Fst para los 5 loci biparentales no fue diferente de cero. Nuestros análisis de las poblaciones de A. fulvigula de Florida indicaron altos niveles de heterocigocidad y no mostraron evidencia de subdivisión genética entre las unidades reproductivas.

Download Full-text

Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of Erythrophleum fordii Oliv., an Endangered Rosewood Species in South China

Forests ◽

10.3390/f9100636 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 636 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jing Tan ◽

Zhi-Gang Zhao ◽

Jun-Jie Guo ◽

Chun-Sheng Wang ◽

Jie Zeng

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Genetic Differentiation ◽

South China ◽

Population Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic ◽

The Mean ◽

Erythrophleum Fordii ◽

Private Alleles

Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. is a valuable rosewood species indigenous to the tropical and warm sub-tropical zones of Vietnam, Laos, and South China. The natural forests have been heavily fragmented mostly due to over-exploitation and over-utilization, and alteration to croplands and fast-growing plantations. Therefore, it has been included in the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species as an endangered species. In the present study, genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 11 populations were estimated by SSR makers in South China. Five high polymorphic loci were studied with a total of 34 alleles, among which, seven were private alleles. The mean number of alleles per locus (A), the mean number of efficient alleles per locus (Ae), the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity, and Shannon’s index (I) of the 11 populations were 3.40, 2.31, 0.52, 0.56, and 0.90, respectively. Correlation analysis between genetic parameters and geographical factors showed that He and I were in significant negative correlation with longitude, indicating that genetic diversity of E. fordii reduced gradually from West to East in south China. FIS of eight populations with above five samples was on average 0.01, most loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in these populations; their genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) was 0.18, indicating that genetic differentiation among populations was relatively low and there existed 18% genetic variation among populations. Gene flow (Nm) between these populations was 1.28. The Mantel test showed that genetic distance was not significantly correlated with geographical distance (p > 0.05). It was concluded that populations with high genetic diversity or private alleles, especially Longmen, Wuming and Pingxiang populations should be a priority for in situ conservations, meanwhile more populations and as many families as possible in each population should be collected for ex situ conservations of germplasm resources of this species in the future.

Download Full-text