scholarly journals Genetic diversity in Brazilian tall coconut populations by microsatellite markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Elias Ribeiro ◽  
Luc Baudouin ◽  
Patricia Lebrun ◽  
Lázaro José Chaves ◽  
Claudio Brondani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Brazilian Populations

The tall coconut palm was introduced in Brazil in 1553, originating from the island of Cape Verde. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of ten populations of Brazilian tall coconut by 13 microsatellite markers. Samples were collected from 195 individuals of 10 different populations. A total of 68 alleles were detected, with an average of 5.23 alleles per locus. The mean expected and observed heterozygosity value was 0.459 and 0.443, respectively. The number of alleles per population ranged from 36 to 48, with a mean of 40.9 alleles. We observed the formation of two groups, the first formed by the populations of Baía Formosa, Georgino Avelino and São José do Mipibu, and the second by the populations of Japoatã, Pacatuba and Praia do Forte. These results reveal a high level of genetic diversity in the Brazilian populations.

The way of value of Correlation of genomic DNA microsatellite loci and live weight of Chukchi reindeer

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
V. Dodokhov ◽  
N. Pavlova ◽  
T. Rumyantseva ◽  
L. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dna Microsatellite

The article presents the genetic characteristic of the Chukchi reindeer breed. The object of the study was of the Chukchi reindeer. In recent years, the number of reindeer of the Chukchi breed has declined sharply. Reduced reindeer numbers could lead to biodiversity loss. The Chukchi breed of deer has good meat qualities, has high germination viability and is adapted in adverse tundra conditions of Yakutia. Herding of the Chukchi breed of deer in Yakutia are engaged only in the Nizhnekolymsky district. There are four generic communities and the largest of which is the agricultural production cooperative of nomadic tribal community «Turvaurgin», which was chosen to assess the genetic processes of breed using microsatellite markers: Rt6, BMS1788, Rt 30, Rt1, Rt9, FCB193, Rt7, BMS745, C 143, Rt24, OheQ, C217, C32, NVHRT16, T40, C276. It was found that microsatellite markers have a wide range of alleles and generally have a high informative value for identifying of genetic differences between animals and groups of animal. The number of identified alleles is one of the indicators of the genetic diversity of the population. The total number of detected alleles was 127. The Chukchi breed of deer is characterized by a high level of heterozygosity, and the random crossing system prevails over inbreeding in the population. On average, there were 7.9 alleles (Na) per locus, and the mean number of effective alleles (Ne) was 4.1. The index of fixation averaged 0.001. The polymorphism index (PIC) ranged from 0.217 to 0.946, with an average of 0.695.

Development of microsatellite markers at the National Agrobiodiversity Center in Korea for the genetic assessment of underutilized crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S125-S129
Author(s):  
Gi-An Lee ◽  
Sok-Young Lee ◽  
Ho-Sun Lee ◽  
Kyung-Ho Ma ◽  
Jae-Gyun Gwag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Underutilized Crops ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Genetic Assessment

The RDA Genebank at the National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAAS, RDA, Republic of Korea) has conserved about 182,000 accessions in 1777 species and is working at preserving agricultural genetic resources for the conservation and sustainable utilization of genetic diversity. The detection of genetic variability in conserved resources is important for germplasm management, but the molecular evaluation tools providing genetic information are insufficient for underutilized crops, unlike those for major crops. In this regard, the Korean National Agrobiodiversity Center has been developing microsatellite markers for several underutilized crops. We designed 3640 primer pairs flanking simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs for 6310 SSR clones in 21 crop species. Polymorphic loci were revealed in each species (7–36), and the mean ratio of polymorphic loci to all the loci tested was 12%. The average allele number was 5.1 (2.8–10.3) and the expected heterozygosity 0.51 (0.31–0.74). Some SSRs were transferable to closely related species, such as within the genera Fagopyrum and Allium. These SSR markers might be used for studying the genetic diversity of conserved underutilized crops.

scholarly journals Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
OUMER SHERIFF ◽  
KEFYALEW ALEMAYEHU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sheep Breeding ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tree Building ◽  
Diversity Studies

Sheriff O, Alemayehu K. 2017. Review: Genetic diversity studies using microsatellite markers and their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. Asian J Agric 1: 46-51. Microsatellites have been widely accepted and employed as useful molecular markers for measuring genetic diversity and divergence within and among populations. The various parameters developed so far to measure genetic diversity within and among populations are observed and expected heterozygosities (Ho and He), the mean number of alleles per locus (MNA),polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic distance and phylogenetic or tree building approach.The objective of thisreview was therefore to quantifythe genetic diversity studies of domestic sheep populations using microsatellite markersand their contribution in supporting sustainable sheep breeding programs. From the review, it is possible to see that there was high within population genetic variations in all the studied sheep populations, poor level of population differentiations and high levels of inbreeding. On the other hand, low estimates of hetrozygosities and mean number of alleles and employing only few and weak markers were observed in some of the studies. The gaps observed in the previous genetic diversity studies of the sheep populations may demand further works to reveal more information on the population structures andto start appropriate and sustainable breeding programs.

Genetic diversity in Elymus caninus as revealed by isozyme, RAPD, and microsatellite markers

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen-Lou Sun ◽  
Oscar Díaz ◽  
Björn Salomon ◽  
Roland von Bothmer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Elymus Caninus ◽  
Distance Matrices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Mantel’S Test ◽  
Similarity Matrices

Genetic diversity of 33 Elymus caninus accessions was investigated using isozyme, RAPD, and microsatellite markers. The three assays differed in the amount of polymorphism detected. Microsatellites detected the highest polymorphism. Six microsatellite primer pairs generated a total of 74 polymorphic bands (alleles), with an average of 15.7 bands per primer pair. Three genetic similarity matrices were estimated based on band presence or absence. Genetic diversity trees (dendrograms) were derived from each marker technique, and compared using Mantel's test. The correlation coefficients were 0.204, 0.267, and 0.164 between isozyme and RAPD distance matrices, RAPD and microsatellite distance matrices, and between isozyme and microsatellite distance matrices, respectively. The three methodologies gave differing views of the amount of variation present but all showed a high level of genetic variation in E. caninus. The following points may be drawn from this study whether based on RAPD, microsatellite, or isozyme data: (i) The Icelandic populations are consistently revealed by the three dendrograms. The congruence of the discrimination of this accession group by RAPD, microsatellite, and isozyme markers suggests that geographic isolation strongly influenced the evolution of the populations; (ii) The degree of genetic variation within accessions was notably great; and (iii) The DNA-based markers will be the more useful ones in detecting genetic diversity in closely related accessions. In addition, a dendrogram, which took into account all fragments produced by isozymes, RAPDs, and microsatellites, reflected better the relationships than did dendrograms based on only one type of marker.Key words: Elymus caninus, genetic diversity, isozymes, RAPDs, microsatellites.

Evaluation of genetic diversity among some commercial cultivars and Iranian wild strains of Agaricus bisporus by microsatellite markers

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Rokni ◽  
Ebrahim Mohammadi Goltapeh ◽  
Alireza Shafeinia ◽  
Naser Safaie
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom ◽  
High Level ◽  
Promising Source

Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach is the most widely cultivated mushroom in Iran. Lack of diversity in mushroom crops, especially where disease is concerned, creates a crucial risk for the currently grown cultivars. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic diversity among Iranian wild strains and some commercial cultivars by using microsatellite markers. Eighteen codominant microsatellite markers of A. bisporus (AbSSR) were used to distinguish 17 wild and commercial strains. All of the microsatellite markers used in this research gave clear banding patterns, and only one strain remained undistinguished. Among 106 generated alleles, the wild subgroup presented 53 alleles never found both in brown and white commercial cultivars, and 42 alleles never found in commercial brown strains. The dendrogram obtained by UPGMA clustering analysis separated A. bisporus strains into six groups. Based on our results, the high level of genetic diversity among Iranian wild strains, compared with the commercial strains, provides a new and promising source of diversity for A. bisporus breeding programs. To our knowledge this is the first relevant study of biodiversity in native Iranian populations of A. bisporus.

scholarly journals Microsatellites Cross-Species Amplification across Some African Cichlids

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Bezault ◽  
Xavier Rognon ◽  
Karim Gharbi ◽  
Jean-Francois Baroiller ◽  
Bernard Chevassus
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
African Cichlid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
African Cichlids

The transfer of the genomic resources developed in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, to other Tilapiines sensu lato and African cichlid would provide new possibilities to study this amazing group from genetics, ecology, evolution, aquaculture, and conservation point of view. We tested the cross-species amplification of 32 O. niloticus microsatellite markers in a panel of 15 species from 5 different African cichlid tribes: Oreochromines (Oreochromis, Sarotherodon), Boreotilapiines (Tilapia), Chromidotilapines, Hemichromines, and Haplochromines. Amplification was successfully observed for 29 markers (91%), with a frequency of polymorphic (P95) loci per species around 70%. The mean number of alleles per locus and species was 3.2 but varied from 3.7 within Oreochromis species to 1.6 within the nontilapia species. The high level of cross-species amplification and polymorphism of the microsatellite markers tested in this study provides powerful tools for a wide range of molecular genetic studies within tilapia species as well as for other African cichlids.

scholarly journals Molecular Evaluation of Three Populations of Farafra Sheep in Comparison to Ossimi and Rahmani Sheep Breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-936
Author(s):  
Talaat Bashandy ◽  
Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Mohamed Solma ◽  
Ayman Kassab ◽  
Hatem Hamdon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Main Cluster ◽  
Ideal Approach ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Molecular Evaluation

Molecular markers are the most ideal approach to study genetic diversity. Consequently, we utilized both ISSR and RAPD markers to assess genetic diversity and relationships among three different populations of Farafra, Ossimi and Rahmani Egyptian sheep breeds. Both ISSR and RAPD gave moderate polymorphism 41.3% and 48.51%, respectively. Besides, this value was consistent with the moderate value of the mean of polymorphism information content (0.16 and 0.20, respectively). Farafra-F and Farafra-D populations had the highest similarity which was 0.92 for ISSR and 0.90 for the RAPD marker. Furthermore, ISSR and RAPD constructed dendrogram separated all the studied sheep into two main clusters. All the three populations of Farafra breed combined into one main cluster, while the second cluster contained both Rahmani and Ossimi breeds. The used molecular markers were able to discriminate among evaluated sheep and displayed that Farafra breed more closely related to Ossimi than Rahmani breed.

scholarly journals Analysis of genetic diversity of Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) collection using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-109
Author(s):  
Ilaria Marcotuli ◽  
Andrea Mazzeo ◽  
Domenica Nigro ◽  
Stefania Lucia Giove ◽  
Angelica Giancaspro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Polymorphic Pattern ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Modern Technologies

Modern technologies and accurate information on genetic diversity and structure are contributing to improve the plant breeding, in particular for all the minor species with a lack of data. Genetic diversity of 139 different Ficus carica L. genotypes collected from Italy and Croatia, and divided into two subgroups: uniferous (only main crop) and biferous (breba and main crop), was investigated using 49 microsatellite markers. A total of 70 alleles were generated, of which 64 (91.4%) showed a polymorphic pattern indicating high level of genetic diversity within the studied collection. The mean heterozygosity over the 64 single locus microsatellites was 0.33 and the expected and observed averaged variance were 16.50 and 184.08, respectively. The 139 fig genotypes formed two clusters in the PCoA analysis, suggesting a division between Italian and Croatian genotypes. Moreover, the fig accessions could be divided into two main clusters based on the STRUCTURE analysis according to the biological type, uniferous or biferous, with partly overlapping varieties. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that molecular markers were able to discriminate among genotypes and useful for the authentication of fig tree varieties (homonymies and synonymies).

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Ukrainian local pig breeds based on microsatellite markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Kramarenko ◽  
S. I. Lugovoy ◽  
V. R. Kharzinova ◽  
V. Y. Lykhach ◽  
A. S. Kramarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Living Material ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Private Alleles

Preserving the current diversity of the living material on Earth is fundamental for the survival of future generations . A study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of Ukrainian local pig breeds. A total of 350 pigs representing five local pig breeds from Ukraine (Mirgorod – MIR, Poltava Meat – PM, Ukrainian Meat – UM, Ukrainian White Steppe – UWS and Ukrainian Spotted Steppe – USS) and one commercial breed (Duroc, DUR) were sampled. Twelve microsatellite loci (SW24, S0155, SW72, SW951, S0386, S0355, SW240, SW857, S0101, SW936, SW911 and S0228) were selected and belong to the list of microsatellite markers recommended by ISAG. The results indicate that there exists, in general, a high degree of genetic variability within the five Ukrainian local pig breeds. However, the genetic variability in the MIR and PM breeds was significantly lower (mean Na = 2.92–3.92; Ho = 0.382–0.411; FIS = 0.178–0.184) than in the other three Ukrainian local pig breeds – UM, UWS and USS (mean Na = 5.00–8.42; Ho = 0.549–0.668; FIS = 0.027–0.066). Thirty-four private alleles were identified among the six analyzed genetic groups which were distributed between 11 of the 12 loci. A high number of alleles typical for the breed (private alleles) was observed in Duroc pigs – 9 alleles did not occur in Ukrainian local pig breeds. The HWE test showed that all of the polymorphic loci deviated from HWE (P < 0.05) in at least one population. Loci S0355 (5), S0386 (4) and SW24 (4) presented a higher number of populations in imbalance. The mean FST showed that approximately 77.8% of the genetic variation was within-population and 12.2% was across the populations. The five Ukrainian local breeds were classified into two major groups, according to the phylogenetic tree, which was based on standard genetic distance. Overall, we found that 92.6% of the individual pigs were correctly assigned (324 out of 350) to the respective breed of origin, which is likely a consequence of the well-defined breed structure. Probabilities from the allocation test of individuals for the six pig genetic groups were estimated with Structure Harvester. In cluster 1 the highest grouping probabilities were found for the MIR (0.917) and PM (0.750) breeds. Local breeds UM (0.824) and USS (0.772) were grouped in cluster 2. Cluster 3 was related to the local pig breed USW (0.873). Cluster 4 presented high allocation probabilities for the commercial pig breed Duroc (0.924). The obtained results are important for the future conservation of Ukrainian local pig breeds.

Genetic differentiation in populations of the cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) as revealed by eight microsatellite markers

Parasitology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. LUO ◽  
P. NIE ◽  
Y. A. ZHANG ◽  
W. J. YAO ◽  
G. T. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽  
Bothriocephalus Acheilognathi ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cross Fertilization

The genetic structure of populations of the fish cestode, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi collected from Bailianhe Reservoir (BLH), Changshou (CSH) and Liangzi (LZH) Lakes was investigated by using 8 microsatellite loci. A total of 108 adult worms were genotyped at each of the 8 loci. For the 3 populations, the mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 2·38 to 5·5, and the mean expected heterozygosity ranged from 0·432 to 0·559. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was from 0·384 to 0·492. The significant Fis values indicated non-random mating within LZH and BLH populations. On the other hand, when samples were further classified into subpopulations at the level of host fish species, no or little heterozygote deficiency was detected at most loci, showing that cross-fertilization, predominantly, but not exclusively, must have occurred within the subpopulations. Microsatellite markers also revealed an unexpected high level of genetic differentiation, as measured by Rst and Nm values or by δu2 genetic distance among subpopulations from different hosts. Factors influencing the population genetic structure and the parasite host specificity are discussed.

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