Involvement of sphaeractinomyxon in the life cycle of mugiliform-infecting Myxobolus (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) reveals high functionality of actinospore morphotype in promoting transmission

AbstractFour new actinospore types belonging to the sphaeractinomyxon collective group (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) are described from the coelomic cavity of a marine Baltidrilus sp. (Oligochaeta, Naididae) inhabiting a northern Portuguese estuary. Host identification supports the usage of marine oligochaetes, namely of the family Naididae Ehrenberg, 1828, as definitive hosts for myxosporeans inhabiting estuarine/marine environments. The absence of mixed infections in the host specimens analysed is suggested to reflect the influence of host-, parasite- and environmental-related factors regulating myxosporean–annelid interactions. Molecular analyses matched the SSU rDNA sequences of three of the four new types with those of mugiliform-infecting Myxobolus spp., namely Myxobolus mugiliensis and a Myxobolus sp. from flathead grey mullet Mugil cephalus, and Myxobolus labrosus from thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus. These results directly link, for the first time, the sphaeractinomyxon collective group to a myxospore counterpart, further confirming their previously hypothesized specific involvement in the life cycle of myxobolids that infect mullets. Acknowledging this life cycle relationship, the functionality of the sphaeractinomyxon morphotype is suggested to have been decisive for the evolutionary hyperdiversification of the genus Myxobolus in mullets. Unlike other actinospore morphotypes, sphaeractinomyxon lack valvular processes, which implies a limited capability for buoyancy. Considering the benthic-feeding nature of mullets, this feature is most likely crucial in promoting successful transmission to the vertebrate host.

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Revision of the family Listropsoralgidae Fain, 1965 (Acariformes: Sarcoptoidea)—skin parasites of marsupials and rodents

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3611.1.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3611 (1) ◽

pp. 1-69

Author(s):

ANDRE V BOCHKOV ◽

BARRY M OCONNOR ◽

PATRICK GROOTAERT

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Monodelphis Domestica ◽

South American ◽

The South ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

The Family ◽

Outgroup Species ◽

Host Parasite ◽

First Time ◽

Metachirus Nudicaudatus

The family Listropsoralgidae Fain, 1965 (Acariformes: Sarcoptoidea) is represented by the permanent skin ectoparasites associated with the South American and Australian marsupials (12 species) and the South American rodents of the family Echimyidae (1 species). The phylogenetic relationships of these mites (12 ingroup and 2 outgroup species) are reconstructed on the basis of the maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian analyses (BA) of 76 morphological characters. MP analysis confirmed monophyly of the listropsoralgid genera, the strict consensus of 18 trees generated by MP has the following pattern: Petauralges (Listropsoralgoides, Didelphialges, Listropsoralges) with poor resolution among species of the genus Listropsoralges. The same tree was generated by BA. Both successive and implied weighting strategies resulted in 7 MP trees: Petauralges (Listropsoralgoides (Didelphialges (Listropsoralges))). The relationships between species of the genus Listropsoralges received the poorest resolution: L. caenolestes (L. monodelphis, L. vossi, L. faini, L. brevisetosa (L. thylamys (L. marmosa–L. caluromys))). The host-parasite relationships of listropsoralgids are briefly discussed. The family Listropsoralgidae is taxonomically revised and to date includes 13 species in 4 genera. Six species and one genus are described as new: Listropsoralges brevisetosus sp. n. from Marmosa murina (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from Peru, Listropsoralges similis sp. n. from Caluromys derbianus (Didelphidae) from Panama, Listropsoralges thylamys sp. n. from Thylamys venustus (Didelphidae) from Bolivia, Listropsoralges vossi sp. n. from Monodelphis domestica (Didelphidae) from Brazil, Listropsoralges caenolestes sp. n. from Caenolestes fuliginosus (Paucituberculata: Caenolestidae) from Ecuador, and Didelphialges metachirus gen. n., sp. n. from Metachirus nudicaudatus (Didelphidae) from Peru. The female of Listropsoralges faini Bochkov and Wauthy, 2009 is described for the first time.

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Molecular data infers the involvement of a marine aurantiactinomyxon in the life cycle of the myxosporean parasite Paramyxidium giardi (Cnidaria, Myxozoa)

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182019000866 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 146 (12) ◽

pp. 1555-1563 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Rocha ◽

Â. Alves ◽

C. Antunes ◽

C. Azevedo ◽

G. Casal

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Anguilla Anguilla ◽

Molecular Data ◽

European Eel ◽

Geographic Isolation ◽

Morphological Criteria ◽

The Family ◽

Collective Group ◽

Myxosporean Parasite ◽

Intraspecific Difference

AbstractAn aurantiactinomyxon type is described from the marine naidid Tubificoides pseudogaster (Dahl, 1960), collected from the lower estuary of a Northern Portuguese River. This type constitutes the first of its collective group to be reported from Portugal, and only the fourth described from a marine oligochaete worldwide. Extensive morphological comparisons of new aurantiactinomyxon isolates to all known types without available molecular data are proposed to be unnecessary, given the artificiality of the usage of morphological criteria for actinosporean differentiation and the apparent strict host specificity of the group. Recognition of naidid oligochaetes as the hosts of choice for marine types of aurantiactinomyxon and other collective groups, suggests that the family Naididae played a preponderant role in the myxosporean colonization of estuarine communities. Molecular analyses of the type in study further infer its involvement in the life cycle of Paramyxidium giardi (Cépède, 1906) Freeman and Kristmundsson, 2018, a species that infects the kidney of European eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) and that has been reported globally, including from Portuguese waters. The low intraspecific difference registered in relation to Icelandic isolates of P. giardi (0.6%) is hypothesized to result from the emergence of genotypically different subspecies due to geographic isolation.

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Survey on diversity of marine/saline anaerobic Heterolobosea (Excavata: Discoba) with description of seven new species

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.063487-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (Pt_7) ◽

pp. 2280-2304 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Tomáš Pánek ◽

Eliška Ptáčková ◽

Ivan Čepička

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Ssu Rdna ◽

Marine Environments ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

The Family ◽

First Time

Diversity of the anaerobic Heterolobosea (Excavata: Discoba) is only poorly understood, especially in marine environments. We have isolated and cultured 16 strains of anaerobic heteroloboseid amoebae and flagellates from brackish, marine and saline anoxic habitats worldwide. Phylogenetic analyses of SSU rDNA sequences and light-microscopic observations showed that all the strains belong to the family Psalteriomonadidae, the main anaerobic lineage of Heterolobosea, and that they represent eight species from the genera Monopylocystis, Harpagon and Pseudoharpagon. Seven species are newly isolated and described here as Monopylocystis minor n. sp., Monopylocystis robusta n. sp., Monopylocystis elegans n. sp., Monopylocystis disparata n. sp., Harpagon salinus n. sp., Pseudoharpagon longus n. sp. and Pseudoharpagon tertius n. sp. Amoebae, cysts and the ultrastructure of the genus Pseudoharpagon are presented for the first time.

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New species and records of mites of the superfamily Sarcoptoidea (Acariformes: Psoroptidia) from mammals in Brazil

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2016-0003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andre V. Bochkov ◽

Michel P. Valim

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

New Host ◽

The Family ◽

Molossus Molossus ◽

Host Parasite ◽

First Time ◽

Metachirus Nudicaudatus

AbstractSixteen species of the superfamily Sarcoptoidea (Acariformes: Psoroptidia) belonging to 10 genera of the families Atopomelidae, Listrophoridae, Chirodiscidae, and Listropsoralgidae are recorded in Brazil. Among them, three species, Prolistrophorus hylaeamys sp. nov. from Hylaeamys laticeps (Lund, 1840) (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) from Minas Gerais, Lynxacarus serrafreirei sp. nov. from Galictis cuja (Molina, 1782) (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from Rio de Janeiro (Listrophoridae), and Didelphoecius micoureus sp. nov. (Atopomelidae) from Micoureus paraguayanus (Tate, 1931) (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from Minas Gerais are described as new for science. Three species of the family Listrophoridae, Prolistrophorus bidentatus Fain et Lukoschus, 1984 from Akodon cursor (Winge, 1887) (Rodentia: Cricetidae) (new host), Prolistrophorus ctenomys Fain, 1970 from Ctenomys torquatus Lichtenstein, 1830 (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) (new host), and Leporacarus sylvilagi Fain, Whitaker et Lukoschus, 1981 from Sylvilagus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) (new host) -from Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul, and one species of the family Chirodiscidae, Parakosa tadarida McDaniel and Lawrence, 1962 from Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766) (Chiroptera: Molossidae) are recorded for the first time in Brazil. The previously unknown female of Didelphoecius validus Fain, Zanatta-Coutinho et Fonseca, 1996 (Atopomelidae) from Metachirus nudicaudatus (Geoffroy, 1803) (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from Minas Gerais is described. All data on host-parasite associations of sarcoptoids in Brazil are summarized. Totally, 61 sarcoptoid species of 8 families are recorded in Brazil.

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Multisentis myrmecobius, gen. et. sp. nov. (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae), from the Numbat, Myrmecobius fasciatus, and a Key to Genera of the Oligacanthorhynchidae

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/it95023 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 301 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lesley R. Smales

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Late Miocene ◽

Definitive Host ◽

New Genus ◽

The Family ◽

Host Parasite Relationship ◽

Parasite Relationship ◽

Host Parasite ◽

A New Species

A new genus and a new species of acanthocephalan are described from the numbat Myrmecobius fasciatus, a termite-eating marsupial from south-western Australia. Multisentis myrmecobius belongs to the family Oligacanthorhynchidae and a key to the genera of this family is given. The life cycle is presumed to involve termites as the intermediate host. The definitive host-parasite relationship is assumed to have evolved since the origins of M. fasciatus from ancestral marsupial forms before the late Miocene.

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Molecular characterization and phylogeny of some mazocraeidean monogeneans from carangid fish

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2016-0047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Neeraja Tambireddy ◽

Tripathi Gayatri ◽

Pathakota Gireesh-Babu ◽

Annam Pavan-Kumar

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

28S Rdna Sequences ◽

High Bootstrap ◽

Coi Sequences ◽

Inference Methods ◽

Host Parasite ◽

First Time

AbstractPolyopisthocotylean monogenean parasites of fishes are highly host specific and have been used as an appropriate model to study the host-parasite co-evolution. In the present study, eight monogeneans of the order Mazocraeidea were characterized by nuclear 28S rDNA sequences and their phylogenetic relationship with other polyopisthocotylean species was investigated. Neighbour-joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods were used for phylogenetic reconstruction. The topology sustained by high bootstrap was: (((Hexabothriidae (Mazocraeidae (Discocotylidae (Diplozoidae (Diclidophoridae (Plectanocotylidae (Heteromicrocotylidae (Microcotylidae (Heteraxinidae), (Thoracocotylidae, Gotocotylidae (Gastrocoylidae (Allodiscocotylidae: Protomicrocotylidae))). In addition, we have also developed DNA barcodes (COI sequences) for six species and the barcodes clearly discriminated all the species. The polytomy within Protomicrocotylidae family is resolved in this study for the first time and it appears that within this family, Bilaterocotyloides species are basal compared to Neomicrocotyle and Lethacotyle species while the latter is the more derived.

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Phylogenetic relationships, based on SSU rDNA sequences, among the didelphic genera of the family Trichodoridae from Portugal

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854109x461721 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 171-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Isabel M. Duarte ◽

Maria Teresa M. de Almeida ◽

Derek J.F. Brown ◽

Isabel Marques ◽

Roy Neilson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Ssu Rdna ◽

Indigenous Populations ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

The Family ◽

Northern Regions ◽

First Time ◽

Small Subunit Ribosomal Dna

Abstract A survey of virus vector trichodorid nematodes was carried out in the central and northern regions of Portugal. Morphobiometric identification showed the presence of trichodorid species previously reported from Portugal, except for Paratrichodorus porosus, which is reported for the first time in Continental Europe. Small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences of ten different species occurring in Portugal were obtained and a phylogenetic analysis based on their alignment was performed to infer relationships among the different Portuguese trichodorid species and three non-indigenous populations (Nanidorus minor, P. allius and P. teres). The resulting phylogenetic tree is in agreement with the currently accepted classification for Trichodoridae, except for Nanidorus, which clusters together with Trichodorus species, while the genera Paratrichodorus and Trichodorus appear as two distinct groups. A better understanding of the generic groupings in the family Trichodoridae was found. Based on the new molecular analyses we herein accept Nanidorus as a valid genus.

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