Changes in gene expression during stimulation and hatching of the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. JONES ◽  
L. ROBERTSON ◽  
R. N. PERRY ◽  
W. M. ROBERTSON

The potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera rostochiensis, like other parasitic nematodes, needs to synchronize its life-cycle with that of its host. This synchrony is achieved by the invasive-stage juvenile remaining dormant within its egg until stimulated to hatch by the presence of root diffusates of its host. Root diffusates may induce changes in gene expression in PCN, some of which may be important in the transition to a parasitic mode of existence. We have used a range of techniques including differential display to examine gene expression during stimulation and hatching of PCN. We find that few changes in gene expression appear to be induced directly by root diffusates. Instead, changes in gene expression seem to occur during or immediately after the hatching process. These results are discussed in the context of the host–parasite relationship.

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Chen ◽  
S. Rehman ◽  
G. Smant ◽  
John T. Jones

RNA interference (RNAi) has been used widely as a tool for examining gene function and a method that allows its use with plant-parasitic nematodes recently has been described. Here, we use a modified method to analyze the function of secreted β-1,4, endoglucanases of the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis, the first in vivo functional analysis of a pathogenicity protein of a plant-parasitic nematode. Knockout of the β-1,4, endoglucanases reduced the ability of the nematodes to invade roots. We also use RNAi to show that gr-ams-1, a secreted protein of the main sense organs (the amphids), is essential for host location.


Nematology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 887-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Jones ◽  
Vivian Blok ◽  
Geert Smant

AbstractA family of secreted proteins (the SXP/RAL-2 proteins) has been identified in animal parasitic nematodes and Caenorhabditis elegans. In this paper, we describe two full length cDNA sequences from the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis which could encode proteins similar to SXP/ RAL-2 proteins. We show that although both genes are expressed in second stage juveniles and in sedentary females of G. rostochiensis, they have remarkably different spatial expression patterns. The mRNA derived from one of the genes (gr-sxp-1) was present in the hypodermis, as has been described previously for one of these genes in an animal parasitic nematode. However, expression of the mRNA from the other gene was restricted to the gland cells surrounding the amphidial sense organs (the sheath cells). In addition to providing the first description of SXP proteins from a plant parasitic nematode, this work provides the first detailed characterisation of a protein secreted from the amphids of a plant parasite. Les protéines SXP/ RAL-2 du nématode à kyste de la pomme de terre Globodera rostochiensis : les protéines sécrétées par l'hypoderme et les amphides - Une famille de protéines sécrétées - les protéines SXP/RAL-2 - avait déjà été identifiée chez les nématodes zooparasites et chez Caenorhabditis elegans. Dans cet article nous décrivons deux séquences en longueur totale de cADN provenant du nématode à kyste de la pomme de terre Globodera rostochiensis, séquences qui pourraient coder des protéines similaires aux protéines SXP/RAL-2. Nous montrons que, bien que l'un et l'autre gène s'expriment chez les juvéniles de deuxième stade et chez les femelles sédentaires de Globodera rostochiensis, ils possèdent des profils d'expression spatiale remarquablement différents. Le rARN dérivé à partir d'un de ces gènes (gr-sxp-1) était présent dants l'hypoderme, comme cela avait déjà été décrit pour l'un de ces gènes chez un nématode zooparasite. Cependant, l'expression du mRNA de l'autre gène était limitée aux cellules glandulaires entourant les organes sensoriels amphidiens (les cellules de la gaine). Offrant la première description de protéines SXP provenant de nématodes phytopathogènes, le présent travail fournit de plus la première caractérisation détaillée d'une protéine sécrétée par les amphides d'un nématode parasite de plantes.


1965 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.A. Saoud

In the past two decades, considerable evidence has accumulated in the literature about the differences in the susceptibility of various intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni to different strains of the parasite. Comprehensive studies on this aspect of host-parasite relationship have been published by Files & Cram (1949), Abdel-Malek (1950) and Files (1951). The results of more recent studies have been reported by Wright (1962) and Saoud (1964).In the present paper, the writer has studied the susceptibility of four intermediate hosts of S. mansoni from Brazil, Puerto Rico, Egypt and Tanganyika to some strains of the parasite.


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