scholarly journals Autobiographical memory. Sensitivity to age and education of a standardized enquiry

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Borrini ◽  
Paola Dall'Ora ◽  
Sergio Della Sala ◽  
Laura Marinelli ◽  
Hans Spinnler
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Life Period ◽  
Significant Factors

SynopsisA structured enquiry for assessing autobiographical memory is proposed. It is made up of three standardized time-cued sets of questions focusing on three life periods: adolescence, early and late adulthood, with five questions for each life period. Standardized testing procedure, checking for veracity and scoring methods are described. Normative data from 157 healthy individuals aged over 55 are converted into ‘equivalent scores’ for use with the enquiry and for diagnostic purposes. Education and ageing, but not sex, appear to be significant factors in the efficiency of retrieval from the autobiographic repertoire.

scholarly journals Distinct effects of over-general autobiographical memory on suicidal ideation among depressed and healthy people

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Jiang ◽  
Guangtao Hu ◽  
Jingxuan Zhang ◽  
Ken Chen ◽  
Dongni Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background Childhood trauma and over-general autobiographical memory (OGM) are crucial risk factors of suicide. This study aimed to investigate whether suicidal ideation was predicted by one’s childhood trauma and OGM and the mechanism of OGM underlying suicidal ideation in depression patients and healthy controls. Methods A total of 180 depression patients and 176 matched healthy individuals were recruited in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was obtained. Path analysis was conducted to test a meditational model. The multigroup comparison was applied to find differences between groups. Results Significant differences were detected between depression patients and healthy controls with respect to childhood trauma, OGM, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behavior. OGM was positively correlated with both current and worst-point suicidal ideation in the depression group and significantly correlated with worst-point suicidal ideation in the healthy control group. The path model showed that childhood trauma had a direct impact on the current suicidal ideation directly, and an indirect influence through OGM and worst-point suicidal ideation. Multigroup analysis further demonstrated that OGM affected and mediated the current suicidal ideation due to childhood trauma in depression patients, whereas only worst-point suicidal ideation was affected in healthy controls. Conclusions The OGM mediates suicidal ideation in depression patients, but only affects the worst-point suicidal ideation in the healthy controls. As it is one of the major risk factors of suicidal ideation in depression, amelioration of OGM might be an useful method to reduce or prevent suicidal ideation in depression patients.

scholarly journals Validation Study of Italian Version of Inventory for DéJà vu Experiences Assessment (I-IDEA): A Screening Tool to Detect DéJà vu Phenomenon in Italian Healthy Individuals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mumoli ◽  
Giovanni Tripepi ◽  
Umberto Aguglia ◽  
Antonio Augimeri ◽  
Rossella Baggetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Idea Test

The Inventory Déjà Vu Experiences Assessment (IDEA) is the only screening instrument proposed to evaluate Déjà vu (DV) experience. Here we intended to validate the Italian version of IDEA (I-IDEA) and at the same time to investigate the incidence and subjective qualities of DV phenomenon in Italian healthy adult individuals on basis of an Italian multicentre observational study. In this study we report normative data on the I-IDEA, collected on a sample of 542 Italian healthy subjects aging between 18 to 70 years (average age 40, range 18-70) with a formal educational from 1-19 years. From September 2013 to March 2016 were recruited 542 healthy volunteers from ten outpatient neurological clinics in ItalyAll participants (i.e family members of neurological patients enrolled, medicine’s student, physicians) had no neurological or psychiatric illness and they gave informed consent to participate in the study. All subjects enrolled had self-administered the questionnaire and they are able to complete I-IDEA test without any support. In total 396 (73%) of the 542 healthy controls had DV phenomenon. The frequency of DV was inversely related to age as well as to derealisation, jamais vu, precognitive dreams, depersonalization, paranormal activity, remembering dreams, travel frequency and daydreams (all P<0.012). The Italian version of IDEA maintains good properties in Italian version, thus confirming that this instrument is reliable for detecting and characterising the DV phenomenon.

Early intervention for children without parental care in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Tutnjevic ◽  
Jelena Vilendečić
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
One Year ◽  
Developmental Norms ◽  
Age Range

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of an intervention created to stimulate the development of children under the age of seven, living in an institution for children without parental care in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the intervention was to match each child with one volunteer, trained to deliver three hours per week of individually tailored, play-based activities, for a minimum of one year. 16 children (6 boys) participated in the intervention. Three children dropped out after one month of the intervention due to their placement in foster families, so the final sample consisted of 13 children (4 boys). The children differed in terms of their current age (range 1 to 7 years), the age of admission (range 2 months to 6 years), and the number of years spent in the institution (range 3 months to 7 years). We applied the pretest-posttest design to assess the children’s development prior to the intervention and three months after the intervention started, using two standardized developmental tests. Each child’s development was compared with the developmental norms typical for their age. Additionally, the caregivers assessed the children’s progress attributable to the intervention via semi-structured questionnaires.The results showed that all children made clear progress in all developmental areas, except the self-care. The progress was highest in the domains of motor, cognitive and language development, respectively, and the results from both tests were in concordance with the caregivers’ assessments. The caregivers also observed changes in the children’s behavior that were not visible in the standardized testing procedure, mainly the importance of one-to-one relationships between children and their volunteers. The results are discussed with regard to the possibilities for early intervention shown by the study, and the usefulness of this intervention model for both the children and the volunteers.

scholarly journals Semi-automated transcription and scoring of autobiographical memory narratives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Wardell ◽  
Christian Esposito ◽  
Christopher R Madan ◽  
Daniela Palombo
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Narrative Methods ◽  
Narrative Study ◽  
Microsoft Word ◽  
Automated Process ◽  
Automate Counting

Autobiographical memory studies conducted with narrative methods are onerous, requiring significant resources in time and labour. We have created a semi-automated process that allows autobiographical transcribing and scoring methods to be streamlined. Our paper focuses on the Autobiographical Interview (AI; Levine et al., 2002) but this method can be adapted for other narrative protocols. Specifically, here we lay out a procedure that guides researchers through the four main phases of the autobiographical narrative pipeline: (1) data collection, (2) transcribing, (3) scoring, and (4) analysis. First, we provide recommendations for incorporating transcription software to augment human transcribing. We then introduce an electronic scoring procedure for tagging narratives for scoring that incorporates the traditional AI scoring method with basic keyboard shortcuts in Microsoft Word. Finally, we provide a Python script that can be used to automate counting scored transcripts. This method accelerates the time it takes to conduct a narrative study and reduces opportunity for error in narrative quantification. Available open access on GitHub (https://github.com/cMadan/scoreAI), our pipeline makes narrative methods more accessible for future research.

scholarly journals Handedness: Manual Lateral Parameter – or the Result of the Researcher’s Manipulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Nikolaeva ◽  
E Vergunov
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Pressure ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Lateral Phenotype ◽  
Lateral Profile ◽  
Significant Factors

The purpose of the research was to compare different methods of handedness assessment. Participants included 161 children between 4 and 7 years of age: 87 girls and 74 boys. The research incorporated typical methods used in investigations and assessment of lateral phenotype. All tests were repeated at least three times to assess their reliability in assessing children. Our findings reveal that different sets of assessments and scoring methods produced different results in determination of right- or left-handedness. Factor analysis identified three significant factors of handedness: social pressure, genetic mechanisms, and two-hand coordination. We conclude that it is necessary for assessment of handedness to use at least three testsassociated with each of these factors. Keywords: handedness, left-handedness, methods, lateral profile, children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document