The influence of age on lithium efficacy and side-effects in out-patients

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Murray ◽  
S. Hopwood ◽  
D. J. K. Balfour ◽  
S. Ogston ◽  
D. S. Hewick
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Age Related

SynopsisOne hundred and sixty-six unipolar and bipolar out-patients (21–78 years) on long-term lithium treatment were studied on a prospective basis. Although there was a possible tendency for manic attacks to increase in prevalence and severity with age, it was difficult to demonstrate a general age-related decline in lithium efficacy. There was a tendency for the prevalence and severity of fine hand tremor to increase with age. This was not seen with polydipsia/polyuria, the other typical lithium side-effect.

The Initiation of Long-Term Pharmacotherapy in Schizophrenia: Dosage and Side Effect Comparisons Between Oral and Depot Fluphenazine*

1976 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina R. Schooler ◽  
J. Levine ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThis report focuses on two comparisons between oral and depot fluphenazine specifically FPZ decanoate: 1) can equivalent dosages for the two drugs be established and do these equivalencies change over six months of treatment; 2) what are the side effects seen with the two drugs during the early weeks of administration.Patients in the study receive either oral or depot FPZ as the active treatment but in order to preserve double blind conditions, they are also given the other treatment in placebo form. No dosage equivalence is established by the protocol, however, if dosage is adjusted, both forms must be changed and in the same direction. During the first weeks of treatment there is a linear relationship between the two dosage forms but a range of relatively low dosages of the oral compound (5-20 mg) is associated with a single dose (25 mg/q 3 weeks) of FPZ decanoate. At higher dosages of the oral drug the relationship is linear. Side effects of some kind are noted in over 60 percent of patients in both treatment groups after four weeks of treatment, while symptoms of at least moderate severity occur in almost 40 percent. Only symptoms involving the extrapyramidal system and sleep disturbance are observed in more than 20 percent of the patients. Benztropine was prescribed only if needed and was administered to 65 percent of patients. In general, those receiving benztropine had more side effects than those who did not. These differences reached significance for extrapyramidal symptoms and depression.Based on these data, we conclude that at the dosages used in this study there are no side effect differences between these two forms of fluphenazine in the early weeks of administration. Dosage equivalence between the two drugs can be set within the range of 5- 60 mg/day oral and 12.5-100 mg/three weeks depot.

Cutaneous ulcers following hydroxyurea therapy

Phlebologie ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (06) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hartmann ◽  
S. Nagel ◽  
T. Erichsen ◽  
E. Rabe ◽  
K. H. Grips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Antineoplastic Agent ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Myeloproliferative Diseases ◽  
Dermatological Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Myeloproliferative Diseases ◽  
Hydroxyurea Therapy

SummaryHydroxyurea (HU) is usually a well tolerated antineoplastic agent and is commonly used in the treatment of chronic myeloproliferative diseases. Dermatological side effects are frequently seen in patients receiving longterm HU therapy. Cutaneous ulcers have been reported occasionally.We report on four patients with cutaneous ulcers whilst on long-term hydroxyurea therapy for myeloproliferative diseases. In all patients we were able to reduce the dose, or stop HU altogether and their ulcers markedly improved. Our observations suggest that cutaneous ulcers should be considered as possible side effect of long-term HU therapy and healing of the ulcers can be achieved not only by cessation of the HU treatment, but also by reducing the dose of hydroxyurea for a limited time.

Antimicrobial Applications of Nanoparticles

2022 ◽  
pp. 269-288
Author(s):  
Ayesha Kanwal ◽  
Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta ◽  
Ambreen Ashar ◽  
Ashar Mahfooz ◽  
Rizwan Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Mortality ◽  
Recent Developments

Human mortality due to drug-resistant infections is becoming more prevalent in our society. Antibiotics are impotent due to abuse and/or misuse, leading to new, more expensive, and more effective medicines and treatments. Therefore, it causes many short-term and long-term side effects in the patient. On the other hand, nanoparticles have exhibited antibacterial activity against various pathogens due to their small size and ability to destroy cells by various mechanisms. Unlike antibiotics for the treatment of patients' diseases and infections, nanomaterials provide an exciting way to limit the growth of microorganisms due to infections in humans. This has led to the development of a number of nanoparticles as active antibacterial agents. Therefore, the authors have carefully reviewed the recent developments in the use of nanomaterials for antibacterial applications and the mechanisms that make them an effective alternate antibacterial agent.

Hair Loss in the Course of Lithium Treatment: A Report of Two Cases*

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzy Yassa ◽  
Jambur Ananth
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Two cases of hair loss attributed to lithium therapy are presented. In one case, lithium did not have to be discontinued, and in the other, hair loss led to noncompliance. This side effect is usually benign. Thyroid function tests should always be performed to exclude hypothyroidism as the underlying factor for this symptom.

scholarly journals A comparision of efficacy of risperidone and olanzapine in schizophrenia patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
SK Shah ◽  
SP Ojha ◽  
NR Koirala ◽  
VD Sharma ◽  
B Yengkokpam
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Open Label ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Sexual Side Effects ◽  
Significant Difference

Schizophrenia is a leading worldwide mental health problem. It is also one of the common and challenging problems in Nepal. Risperidone and olanzapine is one of the major antipsychotic drug used for schizophrenia patients, however their efficacy is not compared in Nepal.To assess the efficacy of risperidone and olanzapine in schizophrenia patients in Nepalese context. An open-label, randomized, comparative, prospective study was done for 6 weeks. Total of 63 patients attending Psychiatry OPD in Jan to July 2008 at TUTH who could be available for close follow up were enrolled with consent. Risperidone was given in dose of 3-6 mg and Olanzapine in the dose of 15-20 mg per day. Efficacy and tolerability was assessed using PANSS, CGI, and UKU side-effect checklist. Both groups showed improvement in the entire positive, negative and general psychopathology subscales without significant difference in the two groups. Regarding tolerability, olanzapine was found to have significant sedation, weight gain while with risperidone extrapyramidal side-effects, palpitations, sexual side-effects were significant. Risperidone and olanzapine both are efficacious in the treatment of schizophrenia. Both the drugs have their own side-effects. Long-term efficacy and tolerability needs to be studied. As it has been seen in the ongoing studies, long-term use and side-effect profile, drop-out rates and the increase in metabolic syndromes need more consideration.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i3.6706 Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2011, Vol-7, No-3, 29-35

scholarly journals Eip74EF is a dominant modifier for ALS-FTD linked mutant VCP phenotypes in Drosophila, but not miR-34

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine R. Chalmers ◽  
JiHye Kim ◽  
Nam Chul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Genetic Modifier ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

AbstractIn 2012 Liu et al. reported that miR-34 is an age-related miRNA regulating age-associated events and long-term brain integrity in Drosophila. They demonstrated that modulating miR-34 and its downstream target Eip74EF showed beneficial effects on age-related diseases using a Drosophila model of SCA3trQ78. These results imply that miR-34 could be a general genetic modifier and therapeutic candidate for age-related diseases. Therefore, we examined the effect of miR-34 and Eip74EF on another age-related Drosophila disease model. Using a Drosophila model expressing mutant Drosophila VCP that causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), or multisystem proteinopathy (MSP), we demonstrated that abnormal eye phenotypes generated by Drosophila VCP R152H were rescued when expressed with Eip74EF siRNA. Contrary to our expectation, miR-34 overexpression resulted in lethality when expressed with mutant VCP. Our data indicate that the other downstream targets of miR-34 might more significantly interact with mutant VCP, causing lethality. Identifying transcriptional targets of Eip74EF might provide valuable insights into diseases caused by mutations in VCP such as ALS, FTD, and MSP.

scholarly journals Levetiracetam Induced Hyperkalemia – A Rare Side Effect in Elderly with Pre-Existing Subclinical Renal Insufficiency Presenting with Bradyarrhythmia

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Abhishek Chande ◽  
Vidyashree Hulkoti ◽  
Shivam Khanna ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Rare Side Effect ◽  
Severe Hyperkalemia ◽  
Term Management

Levetiracetam is a commonly used drug in today’s world for long term management of partial as well as generalized seizures mainly due its major advantage that is has so few and non-threatening side effects[1].In the following case scenario, we show how a 70 years old male presented with severe hyperkalemia and after no other common culprits were seen, it was thought to be a side effect therapy with levetiracetam and after discontinuing it and managing hyperkalemia, the patient’s condition improved from a very critical state. We also show a rare form ECG presentation of severe hyperkalemia in the form of bradyarrhythmia with absent P waves. Our experience shows that unpredictable and rare side effects of new anti-epileptic drugs should be given attention and such cases often go undiagnosed.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Side Effects in Depression Patients Treated in a Naturalistic Setting: A Study of Bupropion, Moclobemide, Paroxetine, Sertraline, and Venlafaxine

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Vanderkooy ◽  
Sid ney H Ken nedy ◽  
R Mi chael Bagby
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexual Side Effects ◽  
Naturalistic Setting ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Objective: There is no commonly accepted standard for comparing antidepressant- induced side effects. This study evaluates a clinician- administered scale, the Toronto Side Effect Scale (TSES), in a natural practice clinic. Method: We used the TSES to assess side effects in 193 depression patients who completed 8 weeks of treatment with either bupropion, mo clobe mide, paroxetine, ser tra line, or venlafaxine. Results: Rates of remission (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HRSD] < 7) did not differ across drugs after 8 weeks of treatment. Paired drug comparisons yielded significant differences in 16 of the 32 side effects. We present differences between pairs of the 5 antidepressants in Central Nervous System (CNS), gastrointestinal (GI), and sexual side effects. A measure of side-effect intensity distinguished paroxetine from the other antidepressants on a measure of sexual dysfunction. Conclusions: These results con firm the clinical utility of the TSES as a simple, clinician-administered antidepressant side-effect scale.

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