Neurocognitive disorders: Cluster 1 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2001-2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sachdev ◽  
G. Andrews ◽  
M. J. Hobbs ◽  
M. Sunderland ◽  
T. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundIn an effort to group mental disorders on the basis of aetiology, five clusters have been proposed. In this paper, we consider the validity of the first cluster, neurocognitive disorders, within this proposal. These disorders are categorized as ‘Dementia, Delirium, and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders’ in DSM-IV and ‘Organic, including Symptomatic Mental Disorders’ in ICD-10.MethodWe reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by a Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force as applied to the cluster of neurocognitive disorders.Results‘Neurocognitive’ replaces the previous terms ‘cognitive’ and ‘organic’ used in DSM-IV and ICD-10 respectively as the descriptor for disorders in this cluster. Although cognitive/organic problems are present in other disorders, this cluster distinguishes itself by the demonstrable neural substrate abnormalities and the salience of cognitive symptoms and deficits. Shared biomarkers, co-morbidity and course offer less persuasive evidence for a valid cluster of neurocognitive disorders. The occurrence of these disorders subsequent to normal brain development sets this cluster apart from neurodevelopmental disorders. The aetiology of the disorders is varied, but the neurobiological underpinnings are better understood than for mental disorders in any other cluster.ConclusionsNeurocognitive disorders meet some of the salient criteria proposed by the Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force to suggest a classification cluster. Further developments in the aetiopathogenesis of these disorders will enhance the clinical utility of this cluster.

scholarly journals Externalizing disorders: Cluster 5 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2061-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Krueger ◽  
S. C. South
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Valid Cluster ◽  
Icd 10

BackgroundThe extant major psychiatric classifications DSM-IV and ICD-10 are purportedly atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis is greatly enhanced by an understanding of the etiology. In an attempt to group mental disorders on the basis of etiology, five clusters have been proposed. We consider the validity of the fifth cluster, externalizing disorders, within this proposal.MethodWe reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by the Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force, in terms of the extent to which these criteria support the idea of a coherent externalizing spectrum of disorders.ResultsThis cluster distinguishes itself by the central role of disinhibitory personality in mental disorders spread throughout sections of the current classifications, including substance dependence, antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder. Shared biomarkers, co-morbidity and course offer additional evidence for a valid cluster of externalizing disorders.ConclusionExternalizing disorders meet many of the salient criteria proposed by the Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force to suggest a classification cluster.

scholarly journals Emotional disorders: Cluster 4 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2043-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Goldberg ◽  
R. F. Krueger ◽  
G. Andrews ◽  
M. J. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Icd 10

BackgroundThe extant major psychiatric classifications DSM-IV, and ICD-10, are atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis would be greatly enhanced by an understanding of risk factors and clinical manifestations. In an effort to group mental disorders on the basis of aetiology, five clusters have been proposed. This paper considers the validity of the fourth cluster, emotional disorders, within that proposal.MethodWe reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by a Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force, as applied to the cluster of emotional disorders.ResultsAn emotional cluster of disorders identified using the 11 validators is feasible. Negative affectivity is the defining feature of the emotional cluster. Although there are differences between disorders in the remaining validating criteria, there are similarities that support the feasibility of an emotional cluster. Strong intra-cluster co-morbidity may reflect the action of common risk factors and also shared higher-order symptom dimensions in these emotional disorders.ConclusionEmotional disorders meet many of the salient criteria proposed by the Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force to suggest a classification cluster.

Considerations on classification of alcohol induced mental disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 90-90
Author(s):  
I. Pajević ◽  
M. Hasanović
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Delirium Tremens ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Substance Related Disorders

IntroductionCurrent valid classification systems (ICD-10 and DSM-IV) of the alcohol-induced disorders include: acute intoxication, pathological intoxication, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, psychotic disorder with delusions or hallucinations, delirium tremens, amnesic syndrome, mood disorders and anxiety disorders caused by alcohol consumption (only in DSM-IV) and sexual dysfunction.AimTo consider adequacy of existing classifications of alcohol dependency and to offer more adequate suggestion for ICD-11 and DSM-V.MethodologyAuthors compared and analyzed the diagnostic criteria that are offered in the current classifications for these disorders.ResultsThere are many similarities and many differences between existing diagnostic criteria's. The former name of the DSM-IV (Substance related disorders, which include Alcohol related disorders) is inappropriate since it excludes other related disorders. Another important issue that is currently a subject of extensive discussions in the process of finalizing the DSM-V refers to the current distinction terms abuse and alcohol dependence. Scientific documents about the criteria of abuse and dependence in clinical samples and samples from the general population suggest that the DSM-IV criteria for abuse and dependence can be considered as part of a one-dimensional structure, thus for DSM-V it could be combined into a single disorder, with two criteria to make a diagnosis.ConclusionIt is expected that the principles adopted by the WHO during the preparation for ICD-11, which includes bridging the differences between ICD and DSM and the introduction of the person centered integrative diagnosis (PID) will be an important step forward in understanding and distinction among alcohol induced mental disorders.

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental disorders: Cluster 2 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2013-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Andrews ◽  
D. S. Pine ◽  
M. J. Hobbs ◽  
T. M. Anderson ◽  
M. Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Childhood Disorders ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundDSM-IV and ICD-10 are atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of diagnoses can be increased by an understanding of risk factors and other clinical features. In an effort to group mental disorders on this basis, five clusters have been proposed. We now consider the second cluster, namely neurodevelopmental disorders.MethodWe reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by a DSM-V Task Force Study Group.ResultsThis cluster reflects disorders of neurodevelopment rather than a ‘childhood’ disorders cluster. It comprises disorders subcategorized in DSM-IV and ICD-10 as Mental Retardation; Learning, Motor, and Communication Disorders; and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Although these disorders seem to be heterogeneous, they share similarities on some risk and clinical factors. There is evidence of a neurodevelopmental genetic phenotype, the disorders have an early emerging and continuing course, and all have salient cognitive symptoms. Within-cluster co-morbidity also supports grouping these disorders together. Other childhood disorders currently listed in DSM-IV share similarities with the Externalizing and Emotional clusters. These include Conduct Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Separation Anxiety Disorder. The Tic, Eating/Feeding and Elimination disorders, and Selective Mutisms were allocated to the ‘Not Yet Assigned’ group.ConclusionNeurodevelopmental disorders meet some of the salient criteria proposed by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) to suggest a classification cluster.

scholarly journals Zmiany kryteriów w diagnozowaniu zaburzeń związanych z hazardem oraz uzależnień chemicznych i czynnościowych

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Iwona Niewiadomska ◽  
Agnieszka Palacz-Chrisidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Statistical Classification ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
International Statistical Classification

Autorki poruszają kwestię zmian w kryteriach diagnostycznych dotyczących zaburzeń związanych z hazardem oraz uzależnień chemicznych i czynnościowych w literaturze przedmiotu. Prezentują też krótki przegląd kolejnych edycji podręczników międzynarodowych klasyfikacji, zarówno Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – DSM, jak i The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems – ICD. W artykule przedstawiona jest również dyskusja badaczy na temat umiejscowienia zaburzeń związanych z hazardem w klasyfikacjach diagnostycznych. DSM-V umiejscawia zaburzenie hazardowe w kategorii „zaburzenia używania substancji i nałogów” (ang. Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders, DSM-V), w podkategorii „zaburzenia niezwiązane z substancjami” (ang. Non-Substace Related Disorders, DSM-V). Natomiast według nadal obowiązującego ICD-10, zaburzenie hazardowe pozostaje w obszarze zaburzeń kontroli i impulsów, pod nazwą „hazard patologiczny”.

Problemi di psicoterapia

2010 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Vengono presentati i principali sistemi di diagnosi psichiatrica, e precisamente le ultime edizioni del Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) dell'American Psychiatric Association (il DSM-III del 1980, il DSM-III-R del 1987, il DSM-IV del 1994, il DSM-IV-TR del 2000, e il DSM-V previsto per il 2013), la 10a edizione dell'International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) proposta nel 1992 dall'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanitŕ (OMS), e il Manuale Diagnostico Psicodinamico (PDM) prodotto dalla comunitŕ psicoanalitica internazionale nel 2006. A proposito dei DSM, vengono discussi alcuni problemi metodologici quali le dicotomie validitŕ/attendibilitŕ, categorie/dimensioni e politetico/monotetico, e anticipati alcuni dibattiti critici a proposito del futuro DSM-V. Infine, vengono discusse le seguenti problematiche: la psicopatologia "descrittiva" e "strutturale"; la diagnosi come "difesa" del terapeuta; l'aspetto scientifico e l'aspetto filosofico della diagnosi; i tentativi di "sospensione" del giudizio e dei nostri preconcetti; la dicotomia nomotetico-idiografico.

Common Mental Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Raguram
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
High Degree

This chapter focuses on common mental disorders (CMDs). These disorders include a wide range of conditions that are frequently noticed in the community. It is essentially a convenient, functional grouping of conditions. The chapter analyses the trends on the basis of researches in this area over the past decade. The classification of CMDs for primary health care, according to ICD-10, includes depression, phobic disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, mixed anxiety and depression, adjustment disorder, dissociative disorder, and somatoform disorders. Irrespective of the nature of the disorder, these patients often present with somatic complaints: some patients may admit to having emotional symptoms. It was observed that there is a high degree of co-morbidity among them, leading to significant levels of disability and increased health-care costs.

ICD-10/DSM-IV index

2013 ◽  
pp. 1023-1042
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Behavioural Syndromes ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

F00-F09 Organic, including symptomatic mental disorders F10–F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance abuse F20–F29 Schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders F30–F39 Mood (affective) disorders F40–F49 Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders F50–F59 Behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbance and physical factors F60–F69 Disorders of adult personality and behaviour...

scholarly journals Harmonisation of ICD–11 and DSM–V: opportunities and challenges

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. First
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Parallel Development ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundDifferences in the ICD–10 and DSM–IV definitions for the same disorder impede international communication and research efforts. The forthcoming parallel development of DSM–V and ICD–11 offers an opportunity to harmonise the two classifications.AimsThis paper aims to facilitate the harmonisation process by identifying diagnostic differences between the two systems.MethodDSM–IV–TR criteria sets and the ICD–10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research were compared and categorised into those with identical definitions, those with conceptually based differences and those in which differences are not conceptually based and appear to be unintentional.ResultsOf the 176 criteria sets in both systems, only one, transient tic disorder, is identical. Twenty-one per cent had conceptually based differences and 78% had non-conceptually based differences.ConclusionsHarmonisation of criteria sets, especially those with non-conceptually based differences, should be prioritised in the DSM–V and ICD–11 development process. Prior experience with the DSM–IV and ICD–10 harmonisation effort suggests that for the process to be successful steps should be taken as early as possible.

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