scholarly journals Not urbanization level but socioeconomic, physical and social neighbourhood characteristics are associated with presence and severity of depressive and anxiety disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Generaal ◽  
Erik J. Timmermans ◽  
Jasper E. C. Dekkers ◽  
Johannes H. Smit ◽  
Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
Social Security Beneficiaries

AbstractBackgroundWhich neighbourhood factors most consistently impact on depression and anxiety remains unclear. This study examines whether objectively obtained socioeconomic, physical and social aspects of the neighbourhood in which persons live are associated with the presence and severity of depressive and anxiety disorders.MethodsCross-sectional data are from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety including participants (n = 2980) with and without depressive and anxiety disorders in the past year (based on DSM-based psychiatric interviews). We also determined symptom severity of depression (Inventory of Depression Symptomatology), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory) and fear (Fear Questionnaire). Neighbourhood characteristics comprised socioeconomic factors (socioeconomic status, home value, number of social security beneficiaries and percentage of immigrants), physical factors (air pollution, traffic noise and availability of green space and water) and social factors (social cohesion and safety). Multilevel regression analyses were performed with the municipality as the second level while adjusting for individual sociodemographic variables and household income.ResultsNot urbanization grade, but rather neighbourhood socioecononomic factors (low socioeconomic status, more social security beneficiaries and more immigrants), physical factors (high levels of traffic noise) and social factors (lower social cohesion and less safety) were associated with the presence of depressive and anxiety disorders. Most of these neighbourhood characteristics were also associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms severity.ConclusionThese findings suggest that it is not population density in the neighbourhood, but rather the quality of socioeconomic, physical and social neighbourhood characteristics that is associated with the presence and severity of affective disorders.

PENGARUH RADIO DAN TELEVISI TERHADAP PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENJAGAAN LINGKUNGAN DAN ALAM SEKITAR BAGI TERWUJUDNYA PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Ratu Mutialela Caropeboka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Television Broadcasting ◽  
Major Process

The environment is also called the natural environment is a phenomenon that forms around life rather than humans, either biotic or abiotic. The surrounding phenomenon that affects people is not limited to physical factors solely, on the contrary social factors play an important role to explain how human activity can affect the environment and the natural surroundings. The essence and falsafa of development is a change, growth and equity in all fields and dimensions to a better state. Development communication is part of a major process that requires social, economic, political and cultural change in line with the requirements of the local community. The simultaneous formulation of information dissemination carried out by radio, is no longer the only option of society, because the community has designed and determined what information they need. Television broadcasting has an influence on patterns of public action to model, imitate information gained through impressions. Community participation in safeguarding the environment to achieve harmonious and balanced development is the driving and driving force for social change to achieve sustainable development. Lingkungan disebut juga alam sekitar adalah fenomena yang wujud di sekeliling kehidupan daripada manusia,baik biotik ataupun abiotik. Fenomena sekeliling yang mempengaruhi manusia tidak terbatas kepada faktor fisikal semata-mata, sebaliknya faktor sosial turut berperanan penting bagi menerangkan bagaimana aktivitas manusia dapat mempengaruhi lingkungan dan alam sekitar. Hakikat dan Falasafah pembangunan ialah suatu perubahan, pertumbuhan dan pemerataan dalam segala bidang dan dimensinya menuju keadaan yang lebih baik. Komunikasi pembangunan merupakan bahagian dari proses besar yang menghendaki adanya perubahan sosial, ekonomi, politik dan budaya yang sejalan dengan persyaratan keperluan masyarakat lokal. Formula keserentakan penyebaran informasi yang dilakukan melalui radio, tidak lagi menjadi satu-satunya pilihan masyarakat, karena masyarakatlah telah merancang dan menentukan informasi apa yang mereka perlukan. Siaran televisi mempunyai pengaruh pada pola tindakan masyarakat untuk mencontoh, meniru informasi yang didapat melalui tayangan. Partisipasi masyarakat menjaga lingkungan untuk mewujudkan pembangunan yang serasi dan seimbang adalah penggerak dan pengarah bagi perubahan sosial untuk mewujudkan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan

scholarly journals Mental health and preventive behaviour of pregnant women in China during the early phase of the COVID-19 period

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Wang ◽  
Phoenix K. H. Mo ◽  
Bo Song ◽  
Jiang-Li Di ◽  
Feng-Rong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Regression Analyses

Abstract Background The COVID-19 has caused significant toll over the globe. Pregnant women are at risk of infection. The present study examined the frequency of washing hands with soap and wearing face mask when going out, prevalence of depression and anxiety, and identified their associated factors among pregnant women during the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak in China. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 24 February and 3 March 2020. A total of 15 428 pregnant women who were using maternal health care services in China completed a questionnaire which assessed their socio-demographic and pregnancy-related characteristics, contextual, cognitive and social factors related to COVID-19, frequency of washing hands and wearing face masks, and depression and anxiety. Logistics regression analyses were performed to identify the associated factors of preventive behaviours and mental health. Results The prevalence of probable anxiety and depression was 28.2% and 43.6% respectively. 19.8% reported always wearing face mask when going out, and 19.1% reported washing hands with soap for more than 10 times per day. Results from logistic regression analyses showed that older age was associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety (OR = 0.42–0.67) and higher frequency of washing hands (OR = 1.57–3.40). Higher level of education level was associated with probable depression (OR = 1.31–1.45) and higher frequency of wearing face mask (OR = 1.50–1.57). After adjusting for significant socio-demographic and pregnancy-related factors, place of residence being locked down (aOR = 1.10–1.11), being quarantined (aOR = 1.42–1.57), personally knowing someone being infected with COVID-19 (aOR = 1.80–1.92), perception that COVID-19 would pose long term physical harm to human (aOR = 1.25–1.28) were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety, while the perception that the disease will be under control in the coming month was associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety (aOR = 0.59–0.63) and lower tendency of always wearing face mask (aOR = 0.85). Social support was associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety (aOR = 0.86–0,87) and higher frequency of washing hands (aOR = 1.06). Conclusions The mental health and preventive behaviours of pregnant women during COVID-19 outbreak was associated with a range of socio-demographic, pregnancy-related, contextual, cognitive and social factors. Interventions to mitigate their mental health problems and to promote preventive behaviours are highly warranted.

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