scholarly journals Radiocarbon Analysis of Pinus Lagunae Tree Rings: Implications for Tropical Dendrochronology

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Biondi ◽  
Julianna E Fessenden
Keyword(s):  
Ring Width ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Growth Layer ◽  
Coniferous Species ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Tropical Dendrochronology ◽  
Visible Growth ◽  
Climatic Regime ◽  
Wood Increment

A promising species for tropical dendrochronology is Pinus lagunae, a pine tree found in Baja California Sur (Mexico) around lat 23.5°N. In 1995, we sampled a total of 27 wood cores from 13 Pinus lagunae trees in Sierra La Victoria (23°36'N, 109°56'W), just north of Sierra La Laguna, at an elevation of 1500–1600 m. Selected trees were locally dominant, but their ring-width patterns could not be crossdated. To test the hypothesis that visible growth layers in Pinus lagunae are formed annually, we measured radiocarbon amounts in individual rings by means of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Twenty-three 14C measurements were used to trace the location of the 1963–64 “bomb spike” in 3 wood increment cores. By comparing the location of that δ14C extreme with the number of visible radial wood increments, it was possible to conclude that 2 cores had a number of locally absent rings, while the 3rd one included a few years with more than one growth layer. Therefore, ring-width patterns of sampled Pinus lagunae were not consistent from one tree to another, most likely because of climatic regime in combination with microsite features. While the possibility of generating Pinus lagunae tree-ring chronologies cannot entirely be ruled out, the development of dendrochronological proxy records of climate from coniferous species in tropical North America should focus on species and sites that experience a more pronounced seasonality.

Bristlecone pine tree rings and volcanic eruptions over the last 5000 yr

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Salzer ◽  
Malcolm K. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Pinus Longaeva ◽  
Bristlecone Pine ◽  
Ice Core Record ◽  
Pinus Aristata

AbstractMany years of low growth identified in a western USA regional chronology of upper forest border bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva and Pinus aristata) over the last 5000 yr coincide with known large explosive volcanic eruptions and/or ice core signals of past eruptions. Over the last millennium the agreement between the tree-ring data and volcano/ice-core data is high: years of ring-width minima can be matched with known volcanic eruptions or ice-core volcanic signals in 86% of cases. In previous millennia, while there is substantial concurrence, the agreement decreases with increasing antiquity. Many of the bristlecone pine ring-width minima occurred at the same time as ring-width minima in high latitude trees from northwestern Siberia and/or northern Finland over the past 4000–5000 yr, suggesting climatically-effective events of at least hemispheric scale. In contrast with the ice-core records, the agreement between widely separated tree-ring records does not decrease with increasing antiquity. These data suggest specific intervals when the climate system was or was not particularly sensitive enough to volcanic forcing to affect the trees, and they augment the ice core record in a number of ways: by providing confirmation from an alternative proxy record for volcanic signals, by suggesting alternative dates for eruptions, and by adding to the list of years when volcanic events of global significance were likely, including the mid-2nd-millennium BC eruption of Thera.

Spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in northern Fennoscandian pine tree-ring width and maximum density

Boreas ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
MERVI TUOVINEN ◽  
DANNY McCARROLL ◽  
HÅKAN GRUDD ◽  
RISTO JALKANEN ◽  
SIETSE LOS
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Climatic Signal

scholarly journals Multiproxy records of climate variability for Kamchatka for the past 400 years

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Solomina ◽  
G. Wiles ◽  
T. Shiraiwa ◽  
R. D’Arrigo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Ice Core Record ◽  
Decadal Variations

Abstract. Tree rings, ice cores and glacial geologic histories for the past several centuries offer an opportunity to characterize climate variability and to identify the key climate parameters forcing glacier expansions. A newly developed larch ring-width chronology is presented for Kamchatka that is sensitive to past summer temperature variability. This record provides the basis to compare with other proxy records of inferred temperature and precipitation change from ice core and glacier records, and to characterize climate for the region over the past 400 years. Individual low growth years in the larch record are associated with several known and proposed volcanic events that have been observed in other proxy records from the Northern Hemisphere. Comparison of the tree-rings with an ice core record of melt feature index for Kamchatka's Ushkovsky volcano confirms a 1–3 year dating accuracy for this ice core series over the late 18th to 20th centuries. Decadal variations of low summer temperatures (tree-ring record) and high annual precipitation (ice core record) are broadly consistent with intervals of positive mass balance measured and estimated at several glaciers, and with moraine building, provides a basis to interpret geologic glacier records.

scholarly journals Last Millennium Reanalysis with an expanded proxy database and seasonal proxy modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Tardif ◽  
Gregory J. Hakim ◽  
Walter A. Perkins ◽  
Kaleb A. Horlick ◽  
Michael P. Erb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Forward Models ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Northern Latitudes

Abstract. The Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR) utilizes an ensemble methodology to assimilate paleoclimate data for the production of annually resolved climate field reconstructions of the Common Era. Two key elements are the focus of this work: the set of assimilated proxy records and the forward models that map climate variables to proxy measurements. Results based on an updated proxy database and seasonal regression-based forward models are compared to the LMR prototype, which was based on a smaller set of proxy records and simpler proxy models formulated as univariate linear regressions against annual temperature. Validation against various instrumental-era gridded analyses shows that the new reconstructions of surface air temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height are significantly improved (from 10 % to more than 100 %), while improvements in reconstruction of the Palmer Drought Severity Index are more modest. Additional experiments designed to isolate the sources of improvement reveal the importance of the updated proxy records, including coral records for improving tropical reconstructions, and tree-ring density records for temperature reconstructions, particularly in high northern latitudes. Proxy forward models that account for seasonal responses, and dependence on both temperature and moisture for tree-ring width, also contribute to improvements in reconstructed thermodynamic and hydroclimate variables in midlatitudes. The variability of temperature at multidecadal to centennial scales is also shown to be sensitive to the set of assimilated proxies, especially to the inclusion of primarily moisture-sensitive tree-ring-width records.

Temporal changes in growth-layer patterns of plantation-grown red oak and red pine

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. F. Fayle ◽  
C. V. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Ring Width ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Growth Layer ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Ring Number ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Number Sequences ◽  
Branch Development

The radial and longitudinal patterns of ring width were examined in the stems of dominant and intermediate red oak (Quercusrubra L.) and red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) in a 50-year-old plantation on a fine sandy soil. Patterns in red pine conform to those of plantation-grown conifers, which are characterized by a marked difference in width between the upper (maximum width) and lower (minimum width) parts of the growth layer. Except for the first decade from planting, overall patterns in the oak differed from those of the pine, and this is attributed primarily to differing branch development. Longitudinal changes in width were much less in the oak growth layers, so radial and ring-number sequences were relatively similar. Periods of reduced height increment in the oak, which were not as evident in the pine, tended to be associated with a reduction in ring width in the upper stem relative to the lower stem.

scholarly journals The 12,460-Year Hohenheim Oak and Pine Tree-Ring Chronology from Central Europe—A Unique Annual Record for Radiocarbon Calibration and Paleoenvironment Reconstructions

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1111-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Friedrich ◽  
Sabine Remmele ◽  
Bernd Kromer ◽  
Jutta Hofmann ◽  
Marco Spurk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
German Part ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

The combined oak and pine tree-ring chronologies of Hohenheim University are the backbone of the Holocene radiocarbon calibration for central Europe. Here, we present the revised Holocene oak chronology (HOC) and the Preboreal pine chronology (PPC) with respect to revisions, critical links, and extensions. Since 1998, the HOC has been strengthened by new trees starting at 10,429 BP (8480 BC). Oaks affected by cockchafer have been identified and discarded from the chronology. The formerly floating PPC has been cross-matched dendrochronologically to the absolutely dated oak chronology, which revealed a difference of only 8 yr to the published 14C wiggle-match position used for IntCal98. The 2 parts of the PPC, which were linked tentatively at 11,250 BP, have been revised and strengthened by new trees, which enabled us to link both parts of the PPC dendrochronologically. Including the 8-yr shift of the oak-pine link, the older part of the PPC (pre-11,250 BP) needs to be shifted 70 yr to older ages with respect to the published data (Spurk 1998). The southern German part of the PPC now covers 2103 yr from 11,993–9891 BP (10,044–7942 BC). In addition, the PPC was extended significantly by new pine chronologies from other regions. A pine chronology from Avenches and Zürich, Switzerland, and another from the Younger Dryas forest of Cottbus, eastern Germany, could be crossdated and dendrochronologically matched to the PPC. The absolutely dated tree-ring chronology now extends back to 12,410 cal BP (10,461 BC). Therefore, the tree-ring-based 14C calibration now reaches back into the Central Younger Dryas. With respect to the Younger Dryas-Preboreal transition identified in the ring width of our pines at 11,590 BP, the absolute tree-ring chronology now covers the entire Holocene and 820 yr of the Younger Dryas.

scholarly journals Variations of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood of pine growing in the area nearby chemical factories

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sensuła ◽  
Sławomir Wilczyński ◽  
Laurence Monin ◽  
Mohammed Allan ◽  
Anna Pazdur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Trace Element Profiles

Abstract This study reports the variation of tree-ring widths and annual variation of concentration of metals (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) in pine growing nearby chemical factories. The conifers (Pinus silvestris L.) investigated in this study covered the time span from 1920s to 2010 AD. Tree-ring widths were measured, dated and rechecked using the COFECHA. Radial trace-element profiles were determined by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The combined usage of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood provides historic records of anthropogenic impact on the environment and allows identifying the behavior adaptation of trees to the pollution. Data of pine tree cores collected from the sites nearby chemical factories show increasing levels of pollution linked to the increasing of industrial activities in Poland and subsequent dust fallout around the site. This study evidences that tree rings can be used as archives of past environmental contamination.

Chinese pine tree ring width chronology and its relation to climate conditions in the Qianshan Mountains

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenju Chen ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Xingyuan He ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xuemei Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Chinese Pine ◽  
Pine Tree

scholarly journals Automation of tree-ring detection and measurements using deep learning

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Poláček ◽  
Alexis Arizpe ◽  
Patrick Hüther ◽  
Lisa Weidlich ◽  
Sonja Steindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Real World ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Coniferous Species ◽  
World Data ◽  
Width Measurements

We present an implementable neural network-based automated detection and measurement of tree-ring boundaries from coniferous species. We trained our Mask R-CNN extensively on over 8,000 manually annotated rings. We assessed the performance of the trained model from our core processing pipeline on real world data. The CNN performed well, recognizing over 99% of ring boundaries (precision) and a recall value of 95% when tested on real world data. Additionally, we have implemented automatic measurements based on minimum distance between rings. With minimal editing for missed ring detections, these measurements were a 99% match with human measurements of the same samples. Our CNN is readily deployable through a Docker container and requires only basic command line skills. Application outputs include editable annotations which facilitate the efficient generation of ring-width measurements from tree-ring samples, an important source of environmental data.

scholarly journals Last Millennium Reanalysis with an expanded proxy database and seasonal proxy modeling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Tardif ◽  
Gregory J. Hakim ◽  
Walter A. Perkins ◽  
Kaleb A. Horlick ◽  
Michael P. Erb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Forward Models ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
Paleoclimate Data

Abstract. The Last Millennium Reanalysis utilizes an ensemble methodology to assimilate paleoclimate data for the production of annually resolved climate field reconstructions of the Common Era. Two key elements are the focus of this work: the set of assimilated proxy records, and the forward models that map climate variables to proxy measurements. Results based on an extensive proxy database and seasonal regression-based forward models are compared to the prototype reanalysis of Hakim et al. (2016), which was based on a smaller set of proxy records and simpler proxy models formulated as univariate linear regressions against annual temperature. Validation against various instrumental–era gridded analyses shows that the new reconstructions of surface air temperature, 500 hPa geopotential height and the Palmer Drought Severity Index are significantly improved, with skill scores increasing from 10 % to more than 200 %, depending on the variable and verification measure. Additional experiments designed to isolate the sources of improvement reveal the importance of additional proxy records, including coral records for improving tropical reconstructions; tree-ring-width chronologies, including moisture-sensitive trees, for thermodynamic and hydroclimate variables in mid-latitudes; and tree-ring density records for temperature reconstructions, particularly in high northern latitudes. Proxy forward models that account for seasonal responses, and the dual sensitivity to temperature and moisture characterizing tree-ring-width proxies, are also found to be particularly important. Other experiments highlight the beneficial role of covariance localization on reanalysis ensemble characteristics. This improved paleoclimate data assimilation system served as the basis for the production of the first publicly released NOAA Last Millennium Reanalysis.

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