The Influence of Tillage Practices on Yields and Weed Control in Safflower

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Fenster ◽  
L. R. Robison
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Tillage Operations ◽  
Moldboard Plow

An experiment to investigate tillage practices for producing safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and controlling weeds was conducted from 1963 to 1965. Three tillage intensities designated excessive, moderate, and minimum, depending on the number and kind of tillage operations performed prior to planting, were used. Three different tillage tools used as the primary implement in preparing the seedbed were sweep machine, oneway, and moldboard plow.Excessive, moderate, and minimum tillage plots averaged 342, 374, and 413 lb/A of safflower and 72, 73, and 63 lb/A of weeds, respectively. The sweep machine plots produced the highest safflower yields and lowest weed yields at all intensities with the oneway and moldboard plow about the same. Yields produced from the best treatments in the experiment (minimum tillage with the sweep machine and seeding with the shoe drill) averaged approximately 300 lb/A more than commercial fields and weed control was effective.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage Practices and Rice Straw Management on Soil Environment and Carbon Dioxide Emission

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
JC Biswas ◽  
M Maniruzzaman ◽  
AK Choudhury ◽  
F Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Tillage Operations ◽  
Straw Application

Carbon (C) inputs and tillage intensity impinge on C degradation and thus CO2 emission and soil properties get influenced. Information on CO2 emission and soil properties under different tillage practices and straw application in rice based cropping system in Bangladesh is lacking. The effects of rice straw and tillage operations on CO2 emission and soil properties were quantified in four consecutive seasons of transplanted Aman and Boro rice grown under two tillage operations (minimum and traditional) and three levels of rice straw (control, incorporation and mulch) during 2010 to 2012. Irrespective of tillage practices, CO2 emission peak reached after 3-4 weeks of straw application. Carbon dioxide emission ranged from 26 to 59 kg ha-1 day-1 under minimum tillage and 25 to 96 kg ha-1 day-1 under traditional tillage. Minimum tillage accumulated more C in soil, which could be attributed to lower rates of emission and straw degradation. Carbon degradation rate constants, k were 0.000300 and 0.000394 (day-1) under minimum and traditional tillage, respectively. Small increment in soil C might help reducing CO2 in the atmosphere. Mineralization of straw increased nutrient contents and thereby improved the soil fertility and availability to the crops for nutrients’ uptake. Traditional tillage significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased field capacity of the soil, whereas in addition, rice straw application furthermore increased permanent wilting point and available water content in the soil. The present study may help in identifying suitable tillage and residue management options in reducing CO2 emission from rice fields.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 127-142

MINIMUM TILLAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUMMERFALLOW IN WESTERN CANADA

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Molberg ◽  
E. V. McCurdy ◽  
A. Wenhardt ◽  
D. A. Dew ◽  
R. D. Dryden
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Soil Moisture Conservation ◽  
Tillage Operations

Experiments at seven locations in Western Canada between 1956 and 1961 indicated that three or four tillage operations were usually enough for satisfactory weed control on summerfallow, and generally provided highest yields of grain. Two tillage operations were not sufficient. The herbicides that were available did not control all of the weeds that were present. Nitrate nitrogen accumulation at the end of the summerfallow period was greater when weeds were adequately controlled by tillage than with incomplete control. Different amounts of tillage had little effect on soil-moisture conservation. The use of herbicides without tillage resulted in inadequate weed control in most years, and slightly less moisture was stored.

scholarly journals Historical notes on the zero-tillage concept.

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
H. Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Tillage Practices

In a brief review, earlier German and English attitudes to tillage research are contrasted, especially on the emphasis on soil structure v emphasis on weed control; the effect of the advent of zero tillage on this difference is discussed. It was concluded that chemical weed control gives greater freedom in tillage practice, and research is revealing risks that may be unacceptable for certain crops when tillage practices are changed. CCT. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Comparison of Application Methods and Tillage Practices on Volatilization of Clomazone

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt D. Thelen ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Surface Application ◽  
Application Methods

Field trials were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to determine the effect of incorporation on volatilization of clomazone from soil. Volatilization was detected up to 2 weeks after surface-applied or soil-incorporated treatments of clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha. The amount of volatilization detected was greatest following rainfall and varied between years. More clomazone volatilized after surface application than after incorporation, regardless of the climatic conditions present. Clomazone volatilization detected was in the order of no-tillage > minimum tillage > conventional tillage.

Broadleaf Weed Control in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) with Sulfonylurea Herbicides

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Soil Activity

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. ‘Hartman’) in the rosette growth stage or early bolting stage tolerated thiameturon {3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid} at 5, 10, and 15 g ai/ha. Safflower also tolerated chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} at 18 g/ha if safflower was taller than 15 cm at time of application. The fresh weight of above-ground biomass of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. #3 HELAN), treated at two plant sizes with thiameturon, was reduced more than 88%. Soil activity of thiameturon also reduced the seedling vigor of common sunflower, but thiameturon in soil was not as lethal to common sunflower as were foliar applications.

scholarly journals Impact of tillage on physical characteristics in a Mollisol of Northeast China

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen XW ◽  
Liang AZ ◽  
Jia SX ◽  
Zhang XP ◽  
Wei SC
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Soil Penetration Resistance ◽  
Soil Physical Quality ◽  
Moldboard Plow

Soil management is aimed at the maintenance of optimal soil physical quality for crop production. In order to explore the effects of tillage practices on soil physical properties, a study was conducted to compare the effects of no tillage (NT), moldboard plow (MP) and ridge tillage (RT) on soil bulk density (BD), soil penetration resistance (SPR), soil water content (SWC), soil macroporosity (MAC) and soil air-filled porosity (AFP) in Northeast China. Results showed that both NT and RT led to significant BD increment than MP at 0&ndash;20 cm (P &lt; 0.05). Compared with MP, NT and RT increased SPR at the depths of 2.5&ndash;17.5 cm (P &lt; 0.05). SWC of 0&ndash;10 cm layer was significantly higher in NT and RT than MP soils (P &lt; 0.05). NT showed a significantly lower MAC than MP and RT at 0&ndash;20 cm soil depths (P &lt; 0.05). All AFP values were above the limit of 0.10 cm<sup>3</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup> under all tillage treatments. RT improved the soil physical quality as evidenced by decreased BD and SPR, and increased SWC, MAC and AFP relative to NT.

Evaluation of Tillage and Herbicide Interaction forAmaranthusControl in Cotton

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Kelton ◽  
Andrew J. Price ◽  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
C. Dale Monks ◽  
Edzard van Santen
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Tillage Operation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Tillage Operations

Amaranthuscontrol in cotton can be difficult with the loss of glyphosate efficacy, especially in conservation-tillage cropping systems. Research was conduction from 2006 to 2008 at EV Smith Research Center, Shorter, AL, to determine the level of glyphosate-susceptibleAmaranthuscontrol provided by four initial tillage and herbicide treatments, including 1) moldboard plowing followed by a single-pass disking and field cultivation plus pendimethalin at 1.2 kg ai ha−1preplant incorporation (PPI), 2) two-pass disking followed by field cultivation plus pendimethalin at 1.2 kg ha−1PPI, 3) no tillage including an application of pendimethalin at 1.2 kg ha−1PRE, or 4) no tillage without pendimethalin in 2006. No further tillage practices or pendimethalin applications were utilized after study initiation. Initial tillage operations, including inversion with disking or disking twice, resulted inAmaranthusdensity of ≤ 4 plants m−2and 47 to 82% control, whereas no-tillage treatments had ≥ 4 plants m−2and 14 to 62% control. Subsequent applications of PRE herbicides included fluometuron at 1.68 kg ai ha−1or prometryn at 1.12 kg ai ha−1and provided 53 to 98% and 55 to 93% control, respectively, and reducedAmaranthusdensity compared to no PRE herbicide to < 2 plants m−2, regardless of tillage treatment. A POST application of glyphosate at 1.0 kg ae ha−1improved control in conjunction with almost all treatments in each year. Results indicate that a one-time tillage operation followed by a return to reduced tillage may aid in the reduction ofAmaranthusdensity when used with PRE-applied herbicides; however, this system will likely not provide adequate control when high population densities of glyphosate-resistantAmaranthusare present, thus highlighting the need for a highly efficacious POST herbicide system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document