Broadleaf Weed Control in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) with Sulfonylurea Herbicides

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Soil Activity

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. ‘Hartman’) in the rosette growth stage or early bolting stage tolerated thiameturon {3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid} at 5, 10, and 15 g ai/ha. Safflower also tolerated chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} at 18 g/ha if safflower was taller than 15 cm at time of application. The fresh weight of above-ground biomass of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. #3 HELAN), treated at two plant sizes with thiameturon, was reduced more than 88%. Soil activity of thiameturon also reduced the seedling vigor of common sunflower, but thiameturon in soil was not as lethal to common sunflower as were foliar applications.

Chlorsulfuron for Weed Control in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 840-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Sequential Treatments

Chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide} was nontoxic to safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.) when applied postemergence in 1983 and 1984 at 0.018 and 0.035 kg ai/ha. Trifluralin [2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenamine] at 1.1 and 1.7 kg ai/ha and pronamide [3,5-dichloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide] at 0.8 and 1.1 kg ai/ha were applied previously as preplant soil-incorporated treatments. In both years, safflower was relatively free of weeds where trifluralin was applied alone or in sequential treatments with chlorsulfuron. Pronamide, with or without chlorsulfuron, failed to completely control witchgrass (Panicum capillareL. ♯ PANCA) in 1 yr; thus safflower grain yields were reduced 21 to 35% when compared to weed-free safflower. Chlorsulfuron controlled redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexusL. ♯ AMARE), puncturevine (Tribulus terrestrisL. ♯ TRBTE), and common sunflower (Helianthus annuusL. ♯ HELAN).

scholarly journals Early Postemergence Control of Woodland Bittercress (Cardamine flexuosa With.) and Yellow Woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta L.) with Dithiopyr and Isoxaben Combinations1

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
Debalina Saha ◽  
S. Christopher Marble ◽  
Annette Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Large Growth ◽  
Cardamine Flexuosa ◽  
Weight Data

Abstract The objective of this research was to evaluate dithiopyr and isoxaben combinations and indaziflam (Marengo) for early postemergence control of woodland bittercress (Cardamine flexuosa) and yellow woodsorrel at 4 different early growth stages. Herbicides evaluated included sprayable formulations of isoxaben, dithiopyr + isoxaben, dithiopyr, indaziflam, and prodiamine + isoxaben without any surfactants. Woodland bittercress growth stages included seed production (extra-large), recently flowered (large), 6 to 9 leaf (medium) or in 2 to 5 leaf stage (small), while yellow woodsorrel growth stages included 8 to 12 leaf stage (extra-large), 4 to 6 leaf stage (large), 2 to 4 leaf stage (medium) and cotyledon to 1 leaf stage (small). Shoot fresh weight data showed all treatments provided ≤98% of woodland bittercress at the small stage. Dithiopyr + isoxaben (98%), isoxaben (90%), and indaziflam (93%) provided the highest level of woodland bittercress control at the medium stage and were the only treatments providing acceptable control (≥80%). In the large stage, dithiopyr + isoxaben provided acceptable control (80%) and outperformed other treatments. All treatments with the exception of isoxaben generally provided acceptable control of yellow woodsorrel up to the large growth stage. Only indaziflam (86% control) provided acceptable control at the extra-large stage. Index words: herbicide, postemergence weed control, container-grown plants, phytotoxic damages. Herbicides used in this study: isoxaben (Gallery® 4SC) N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)- 5-isoxazolyl]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamide; dithiopyr (Dimension® 2EW) S,S'-dimethyl 2-(difluoromethyl)-4- (2-methylpropyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)- 3,5-pyridinedicarbothioate; indaziflam (Specticle® FLO) N-[(1R,2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-(1-fluoroethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine; prodiamine + isoxaben (Gemini® SC) 2,4-dinitro-N3,N3-dipropyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-benzenediamine + N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)- 5-isoxazolyl]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamide; dithiopyr + isoxaben (Dimension® + Gallery®) S,S'-dimethyl 2-(difluoromethyl)-4- (2-methylpropyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)- 3,5-pyridinedicarbothioate + N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)- 5-isoxazolyl]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamide. Weed species evaluated: woodland bittercress (flexuous bittercress) (Cardamine flexuosa With.); yellow woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta L.).

Smallseed Falseflax (Camelina microcarpa) Management in Oklahoma Winter Wheat

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jodie A. Crose ◽  
Misha R. Manuchehri ◽  
Todd A. Baughman
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Adequate Control ◽  
Growing Seasons

Abstract Three herbicide premixes have recently been introduced for weed control in wheat. These include: halauxifen + florasulam, thifensulfuron + fluroxypyr, and bromoxynil + bicyclopyrone. The objective of this study was to evaluate these herbicides along with older products for their control of smallseed falseflax in winter wheat in Oklahoma. Studies took place during the 2017, 2018, and 2020 winter wheat growing seasons. Weed control was visually estimated every two weeks throughout the growing season and wheat yield was collected in all three years. Smallseed falseflax size was approximately six cm in diameter at time of application in all years. Control ranged from 96 to 99% following all treatments with the exception of bicyclopyrone + bromoxynil and dicamba alone, which controlled falseflax 90%. All treatments containing an acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide achieved adequate control; therefore, resistance is not suspected in this population. Halauxifen + florasulam and thifensulfuron + fluroxypyr effectively controlled smallseed falseflax similarly to other standards recommended for broadleaf weed control in wheat in Oklahoma. Rotational use of these products allows producers flexibility in controlling smallseed falseflax and reduces the potential for development of herbicide resistance in this species.

scholarly journals ANNUAL GRASSES CONTROL WITH TOPRAMEZONE IN MIXTURE WITH ALS-INHIBITING HERBICIDES

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. DAMALAS ◽  
T. K. GITSOPOULOS ◽  
S.D. KOUTROUBAS ◽  
I. GEORGOULAS
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTPanicoid grasses are major weeds of maize and sugarcane as well as of several other important grains, including sorghum, pearl millet, and foxtail millet. Pot trials were conducted to study the activity and potential interactions of topramezone in mixture with recommended rates of rimsulfuron or nicosulfuron on three annual panicoid grasses (i.e. Echinochloa oryzoides,E.phyllopogon, and Panicum miliaceum). Target weeds were treated at the four- to five-leaf growth stage. On the basis of fresh weight reduction, topramezone alone provided 78% control of E.oryzoides, 68% control of E.phyllopogon, and 99% control of P.miliaceum. Topramezone plus rimsulfuron or nicosulfuron provided decreased control of both Echinochloa spp. compared with topramezone alone. The decreased control of E.oryzoidesand E.phyllopogon was more pronounced with rimsulfuron as a companion herbicide in the mixtures. Slightly decreased control of P.milaceum was observed with topramezone plus rimsulfuron compared with topramezone alone, but this was not the case for topramezone plus nicosulfuron. Increased topramezone rates mixed with rimsulfuron or nicosulfuron did not improve control of E.oryzoides and E.phyllopogon compared with the lowest topramezone rate. Also, increased topramezone rates mixed with rimsulfuron or nicosulfuron showed decreased control of both Echinochloa spp. when compared with either rimsulfuron or nicosulfuron alone, suggesting a two-way interaction between topramezone and the ALS-inhibiting herbicides. The above-mentioned interaction was not observed in P.miliaceum, probably related with species sensitivity to the herbicides tested. Newly introduced or naturalized panicoid grasses in maize fields may complicate selection of companion herbicides and rates for effective weed control.

The Effect of Trifluralin Applied Preplant on Grass Weed Control and Establishment and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio A. Scursoni ◽  
Emilio H. Satorre
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crop Planting ◽  
Grass Weed

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of preplant applications of trifluralin on barley stand and yield, and control of grass weeds in field experiments during 1992 and 1993. Factors examined were: (1) crop planting patterns (conventional drill with rows 15 cm apart and deep-seeder drill with rows 25 cm apart), (2) herbicide application times (22 d before sowing and immediately before sowing), and (3) herbicide application. During 1993, hand-weeded plots also were established. Trifluralin applied preplant at 528 g ai/ha reduced weed density and biomass. Weed control was higher under conventional planting than under the deep planting pattern, and there was no effect of the time of application on herbicide efficacy. There was no herbicide injury to the crop, and grain yield was higher in treated than in untreated plots due to successful weed control.

Herbicides Impregnated Onto Granular Fertilizer Carriers for Broadleaf Weed Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-530
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Spray Applications

The efficacy of sulfonylurea herbicides impregnated on granular fertilizers applied PPI or POST was compared to broadcast spray applications for annual broadleaf weed control in winter wheat. Henbit and bushy wallflower were controlled by chlorsulfuron or triasulfuron impregnated onto diammonium phosphate granular fertilizer applied PPI. Efficacy of these herbicides for annual broadleaf weed control was reduced by applying them POST with granular urea fertilizer carrier instead of with water carrier.

Dwarf sunflower response to row spacing, stand reduction, and defoliation at different growth stages

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

Growth compensation of dwarf sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to low initial stands, later stand losses, or plant defoliation has not been reported regarding replanting decisions and crop insurance yield loss assessment. Three experiments were conducted to study the affect of stand reduction, defoliation, and row spacing on dwarf sunflower yield and quality when grown in eastern North Dakota. Experiment 1 evaluated stand reduction (0, 25, 50 and 75%) applied at growth stages (V4, R1 and R6) in 15, 45 and 76 cm spaced rows. Row spacing interactions with stand reduction and growth stage were not significant for yield indicating growth stage and stand reduction effects on yield response were independent of row spacing. In exp. 2, significant growth stage (V4, V8, R1, R2, R3, R5 and R6) by stand reduction (0, 12, 25, 37, 50, 62 and 75%) interaction showed stand reduction at vegetative growth stages not influencing yield, but as maturity progressed yield reductions became greater with increased stand reduction. Achene weight increased with increasing stand reduction at vegetative and early reproductive stages. A reciprocal relationship was noted between achene weight and achene oil content where oil content decreased as achene weight increased. Interaction of growth stage (R1 and R6) and defoliation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in exp. 3 indicated greater reduction in yield, test weight, 1000-achene weight, and achene oil conte nt as defoliatin increased at growth stage R6. Yield compensating ability of dwarf sunflower is dependent on type and level of damage and growth stage of occurrence, with total yield reduction considering all effects. Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., row spacing, stand reduction, defoliation

Exudation of Glyphosate from Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Plants and Its Effects on Interplanted Corn (Zea mays) and Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim J.V. Rodrigues ◽  
A. Douglas Worsham ◽  
Frederick T. Corbin
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Soybean Seedling ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Seedling Plant ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] applied at 1.1 kg/ha to wheat [Triticum aestivum(L.) ‘Arthur 71′] plants increased height and fresh weight of soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Ransom′] seedlings planted in the pot at time of application of the glyphosate as the number of wheat plants treated increased from 5 to 30/pot. Height and fresh weight of the soybean seedlings also increased as the rate of glyphosate applied to wheat plants (5/pot) increased from 1.1 to 6.7 kg/ha. Increasing the rate of glyphosate from 1.1 to 6.7 kg/ha, however, reduced the height and fresh weight of soybeans when 30 wheat plants/pot were treated. In addition, when 6.7 kg/ha of glyphosate were applied to wheat plants, soybean-seedling plant height and fresh weight decreased as the density of wheat plants per pot increased from 5 to 30. The14C-glyphosate exuded into the soil from treated wheat plants was characterized by thin-layer chromatography. Trace amounts of the radio-label were present on thin-layer plates of leaf and stem extracts of corn (Zea maysL.) plants, which were growing in the same pots with the treated wheat plants. The zone of activity had the same Rf value as the glyphosate standard.

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

Effect of Time of Application of Diphenamid on Pepper, Weeds, and Disease

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 468-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Eshel ◽  
J. Katan
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Time Of Application

The effect of timing of preemergence application ofN,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide (diphenamid) on phytotoxicity to pepper(Capsicum annuumL.), efficacy of weed control, and damping-off incidence was studied in greenhouse and field experiments. Delay of application from day of sowing to close to emergence reduced phytotoxicity to pepper while only partially reducing herbicidal action. Addition of a mixture of the contact nonresidual herbicides 6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2′,1′-c]pyrazinediium ion (diquat) and 1,1′-dimethyl-4-4′-bipyridinium ion (paraquat) to a late preemergence application of diphenamid resulted in control of weed seedlings which emerged after sowing of pepper and significantly increased the yield. The increase ofRhizoctoniadamping-off incidence due to diphenamid was also reduced by delayed application.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document